Basic information

Scientific name Serissa? Foetida English name Junesnow is also known as Mantianxing, Holly, White Horse Bone, Jasmine, Mingxi? Snowflakes in June

There are six people in the snow, one is Mingxi and the other is Su Xin. Fine white flowers bloom in June, the tree is the smallest, and the branches and leaves are sparse, which is very pleasant and can be used as a basin to play with. I prefer shade to sunshine. I'm afraid of sunshine. Sowing in spring, or cutting in Huang Meiyu, should be watered with light tea. ? ..................................................................................................................................................................................

morphological character

Evergreen or semi-evergreen tufted shrubs. The plants are low, the plant height is less than 1 m, and they are flourishing and confusing. Green shoots are slightly hairy and stink when rubbed. The old stems are brown, with obvious wrinkles, and the shoots are thin and straight and green. Are the leaves opposite or clustered? It snows in June.

On the raw branchlets, oblong or lanceolate oblong, about 0.7 cm to 65438 0.5 cm long, entire. Leucorrhea blush or pink purple, solitary or clustered, corolla funnel-shaped. Entire, blunt tip, thick leather, dark green, shiny. The flower shape is small, densely planted at the top of the twig, the corolla is about 7 mm long, funnel-shaped, hairy, white with a slight blush, the calyx is green, with teeth on it and hard texture. Drupe is subglobose, flowering in June-July. The common cultivated varieties are six in Phnom Penh snow (golden leaves), six in variegated leaves snow and six in double petals snow.

Growth habit

Sex likes the sun, but also more resistant to shade, avoid strong winds and scorching sun, and shade in heat and summer. Fine white flowers bloom in June, the tree is the smallest, and the branches and leaves are sparse, which is very pleasant and can be used as a basin to play with. Love the shade and fear the sun, and there are many trees in the mountains. Sowing in spring, or cutting in Huang Meiyu, should be watered with light tea. The temperature requirement is not strict, it is evergreen in South China and semi-evergreen in Southwest China. Strong drought tolerance, loose requirements for soil. Potted soil should be moistened with humic acid, which is loose and fertile, with strong permeability and good growth.

Distribution of origin

Snow originated in various provinces in the south of the Yangtze River, and distributed in the wild from Jiangsu to Guangdong. Snow is mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guangdong and other southeastern and central provinces of China. Japanese and Taiwan Province provinces are also distributed. Most of them are mountains and rivers. As a subtropical tree species, it likes warm and humid climate and semi-humid climate. It snows in June.

Semi-sunny, loose and well-drained fertile soil is especially suitable for neutral and slightly acidic soil, and its cold resistance is not strong, so the greenhouse should be above 0℃ in winter. Strong ability of germination and tillering, so it is resistant to pruning and easy to shape. Gardens in the south are usually planted in open spaces and bushes under the canopy; In the north, there are many potted plants to watch and spend the winter indoors. It is also a good bonsai material.

Common varieties

6. The amount of snow planted in North China is developing, and the garden department has introduced more from the south. There are two common kinds in the market: one is a cluster with reddish flowers and trumpet-shaped flowers, which are scorpions; The other is a single-stem small tree with pure white flowers and double petals, which is the top grade.

Related varieties

The six species in the snow are: (1) sapwood, which is shorter than the original species, with thick leaves, small leaves, dense branches and sparse flowers. (2) There are six snow plants in Phnom Penh, with large leaves and narrow Phnom Penh. ? It snows in June.

(3) In double-petal snow, the bud tip is lavender, turns white when flowering, and the flower is heavy and thick. (4) Double shade wood and double flowers.

Maintenance points

When summer is hot and dry, besides watering every day, clear water should be sprayed on leaves and nearby ground in the morning and evening to cool down and increase air humidity. Plants should be placed under a shade shed and not exposed to strong sunlight for a long time. After autumn, as the temperature drops, the watering amount should be gradually controlled and watered every two to three days. In winter, move into a cold room or indoor room with a temperature not lower than 0℃ for wintering, and water it once every 20 ~ 30 days; If the room temperature is above 15℃ and the leaves are evergreen, water should be poured every 7 days to 10 days, and the air should be moist and sunny. Avoid freezing in severe cold, or you will die easily. Before leaving the house in March every year, change the basin with humus soil and use hoof pads at the bottom of the basin. There are fewer pests and diseases. Occasionally spraying omethoate 1500 times can kill aphids. ? It snows in June.

The basic work of management is watering and fertilizing. The principle of watering, don't dry, don't over-water, if the mouth of the basin is wet for a long time, it will lead to difficulty breathing at the root and easily lead to death. Pay attention to diligent fertilization, apply decomposed liquid fertilizer, do not apply fertilizer in summer, and do not apply fertilizer in flowering period to avoid deformation. ? New buds should be picked from May to June, and new buds should be picked in July. Potted flowers should be placed in a fixed position, not moved around. Sixth, pay attention to phototropism in the snow. Under the scorching sun in summer, it should be shaded and ventilated, and its leaves should be sprayed with water 1 2 times a day to keep the air humidity. Straw can be slightly wrapped in winter (around-10℃) to avoid freezing to death. The pests and diseases in snow are generally scale insects. Can you spray 40% omethoate 1000 times to 150? 0 times solution or 25% thiophosphate 1000 times solution to 1500 times solution.

breeding method

Propagation is mainly based on cutting, and layering and rameting can also be used. Cutting propagation. Dormant cutting is carried out in February-March, and semi-mature cutting is carried out in June-July. Generally, hard branches are used in early spring, and hard branches and old branches can be used in rainy season, which needs shade. Pay attention to watering after inserting and keep the seedbed? It snows in June.

Wet, easy to survive. When making small or miniature bonsai, in order to make it take shape as soon as possible, perennial branches with beautiful posture and large tree shape are often taken in the rainy season from June to July, cut into horseshoes under the incision, inserted into warp stone or sand, covered with plastic film for heat preservation and sprayed with water, and can take root in about 40 days. At this time, it can be transplanted and molded with a little binding and trimming. Because this kind of grass is easy to find all over Shan Ye, some flower growers often dig it directly from Wen Lin and put it in flowerpots. You can also use scattered insertion method: use green space to dig loose soil, refine soil and level it. Spread the trimmed branches in one or two sections (about three centimeters) evenly on the ground that has been trimmed in advance, step on the topsoil or press it with something, and then water it. Then spray water every other day and start to take root and sprout ten days later. After 25 days, the first dilute liquid fertilizer was applied. After 50 days, apply 1: 1000 times urea to raise seedlings. It can be transplanted and planted in two months. Potting can be carried out in four months, and initial transplanting can be carried out at the same time. A year later, an ideal stump bonsai can be formed. Used as a hedge, it only takes half a year to form.

Cultivation management

The management of ground planting in snow is simple and extensive. In the south, it can be planted in patches in the garden to form bushes. Summer looks as white as snow, giving people a cool and elegant feeling. Usually used to shape potted plants or make stump bonsai. First, the plants are integrated into a single stem type, and then the side branches are trimmed and bound according to the modeling idea to make various bonsai, which can achieve the ideal effect. Should it be maintained outdoors in summer? It snows in June.

If you put it indoors, it must be bright and ventilated, otherwise the branches will grow white, the leaves will turn yellow, and the lower leaves often fall off in large numbers. Every year, the soil should be kept wet and dry properly, and the soil should be kept moist frequently in hot summer and dry season, and water should be sprayed on the leaves to keep the branches and leaves fresh. Liquid fertilizer can be applied three or four times during the growing season. If you don't continue to look at it in winter, you can let it fall leaves and then move into the cellar or bury it in the ground for the winter. If you overwinter in a low-temperature greenhouse, you can stay evergreen, the room temperature is not lower than 6℃, and you can keep good ventilation and sufficient light. Before leaving the house in early spring, the potted plants should be cut short and cored to keep their posture symmetrical and plump, and the bonsai should be trimmed and artistically treated. ? It snows in June.

Sex is fond of semi-shade, afraid of hot sun, strong germination, quite resistant to pruning, easy to plant and extensive management. Artificial cultivation in sandy loam with fertile soil. ? 65438+ 10 entered the greenhouse in mid-October, kept the room temperature at 10- 15℃, put it once a week, and then took it out of the greenhouse in late April and kept it in a cool place. Don't use big fertilizer, apply dilute liquid fertilizer once a month to keep the basin soil moist and grow well. If you keep it above 5℃ in the snow in winter, the branches and leaves will be green and evergreen, but the soil should not be too dry, so it should be slightly moist. Due to the strong ability of germination in snow, many new branches will sprout from the trunk and roots, so it is necessary to peel off the redundant new technologies in time to avoid consuming nutrients and disturbing the normal development of trees. Prune the branches of the crown after flowering, otherwise it will affect the appreciation. Transplantation can be carried out all year round, and March-April in spring is the best. You can also plant plants. Potted soil must be rich in humus, loose, breathable and well drained, and can be prepared with 4 parts of decomposed cow dung, 4 parts of decomposed cake fertilizer 1 part, 4 parts of garden soil and 4 parts of fly ash 1 part. After the basin is put on, it should be placed in a semi-shady place, the soil of the basin should be kept moist, and tap water should be exposed to the sun before use. It has a certain drought tolerance, but it is not resistant to water and humidity. When watering, you should master the principle of seeing dry and wet and not watering. Water in the basin should be prevented in rainy season. If it rains, put the basin sideways. In the hot and dry season in summer, it is necessary to spray water on the leaves in the morning and evening to cool down and increase the air humidity, so as to facilitate their growth and flowering. You can also water 1% vinegar once every half month to avoid soil alkalization and yellowing of plants. In the growing season, apply dilute liquid fertilizer every 10- 15 days, or bring water fertilizer, that is, add dilute liquid fertilizer every time you water. In addition to soil fertilization, topdressing outside the roots should be carried out frequently, and 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution should be sprayed on the leaves to adjust the pH value and increase plant nutrition. In summer, plants should avoid exposure to the hot sun, and a translucent shade shed can be built with small-hole nylon net or plastic screen window to create a microclimate suitable for plant growth, which is especially important for the snow in Phnom Penh. It can be rolled and processed into bonsai pile head in the snow, with changeable posture and distinctive characteristics. Six snow clumps with thick stems and a certain shape are selected, excavated in March and April, divided into different combinations of single stems, double stems or multiple stems, and the redundant branches are cut off. Roots are tied with bamboo pieces or other perishable ropes and can be planted in flowerpots. Pay attention to proper water supply in daily management. When the new shoots grow to 8 ~ 10 cm, the rotten oil cake fertilizer can be applied to raise seedlings. At the same time, only a few buds are left on the stem or root, and the rest are removed. Excess bud edges on stems and branches should also be removed at any time. The tree blank can be processed and shaped in a pot for about 3 months, and can be coiled with brown silk. Pay attention to the high and low echoes, the front and back are patchy, and the shapes are carefully processed one by one. In addition to normal watering, fertilization, pest control, but also timely germination, pruning, repair plate, so that the next year's silk.

Bonsai making

It likes semi-shade, is afraid of stagnant water, is afraid of scorching sun, and has strong resistance. Potted plants must be made of soft mountain soil, placed in sunny places and not kept indoors for a long time. Fertilizer should be applied at 1~2 times during the growth period, and the soil in the basin should be dry. Too much fertilizer and water will cause the branches and leaves to grow white. ? With thin leaves, dense branches, thick stems and exposed roots, it is one of the best materials for making bonsai. Branches in the snow are soft and tough, and can withstand being tied. They can be divided into straight, tortuous and cliff types. The height of the basin can breed into a cliff. Cliff type is divided into semi-suspension, full suspension and small suspension due to different inclinations. The so-called semi-suspension means that the trunk basically crosses the mouth of the basin. The hanging trunk must hang from the mouth of the basin at a 45-degree angle. Small hanging trunks generally droop about 30 degrees to 40 degrees. You can also be natural and trim it a little. Propagation is mainly based on cutting, and methods such as layering, rameting and cutting can also be used. Generally, hard branches are used in early spring and both branches can be used in rainy season. When making small or miniature bonsai, in order to shape it as soon as possible, perennial branches with beautiful posture and large tree shape are often taken in the rainy season from June to July, and the lower part is cut into horseshoes, inserted into warp stone or sand, and covered with plastic film for insulation. Because this kind of grass is easy to find all over Shan Ye, some flower growers often dig it directly from Wen Lin and put it in flowerpots. It has strong adaptability and simple cultivation and maintenance in the snow. However, because it is afraid of exposure to the hot sun, it should be placed in a semi-cool and humid place during the growing season, otherwise it will affect its growth due to excessive light, which is not conducive to viewing. Although this kind of grass is fertile, if it is fertilized too much, it will make the branches flourish and easily lead to the growth of new branches in vain. Generally, it is only used once before winter and after flowering. It has a certain drought tolerance, but it is not resistant to water and humidity. When watering, you should master the principle of asking about humidity and not watering. In the rainy season, we should prevent water from accumulating in the basin. If it rains, we should put the washbasin aside. In the hot and dry season in summer, it is necessary to spray water on the leaves in the morning and evening to cool down and increase the air humidity, so as to facilitate their growth and flowering. Due to the strong ability of germination in snow, many new branches will sprout from the trunk and roots, so it is necessary to peel off the redundant new technologies in time to avoid consuming nutrients and disturbing the normal development of trees. Prune the branches of the crown after flowering, otherwise it will affect the appreciation. If you keep it above 5℃ in the snow in winter, the branches and leaves will be green and evergreen, but the soil should not be dry and slightly moist. Production method of bonsai: the source of pile material: propagation by plant in March in spring, propagation by cutting (cutting or root cutting) in April-June 65438+1October, and propagation in protected field (seedbed) in June 65438+June 065438+1October of the following year. In the southeast and central provinces of China, wild stumps can also be dug in the wild for cultivation and processing. Processing and shaping: you can use "wood storage and cutting method" or "cutting and binding method" for processing and shaping. Banding is often carried out after half defoliation in winter and before germination in spring. The trunk and main branches are tied tightly with iron wires, and the branchlets are finely trimmed and beautiful in appearance. Transplanting in pots: It is advisable to transplant in pots in February-March, or in rainy season and late autumn. Choose a shallow round, square or oval purple sand basin or glaze basin, and the color of the basin should be slightly darker to contrast with the color. Potted soil should be sandy loam rich in organic matter, loose and fertile, with good drainage and air permeability, and humus soil, pine needle soil and peat mixed with 40% sand or rice husk ash can be added. Water and fertilizer management: water frequently during the growing period to keep the soil moist, and it is not advisable to be too dry or too wet for too long. It is forbidden to accumulate water or lose water in the basin, and spray water on the leaves 1-2 times a day in summer; In winter, the watering frequency should be reduced appropriately, and the basin soil should be kept moist and slightly dry. Pouring 0.5% P-K fertilizer solution 2-3 times in April-May every year; Topdressing 1-2 times diluted organic fertilizer solution in Ladong is not suitable for fertilization in other seasons. Avoid applying thick fertilizer. Light and temperature requirements: during the growing period, it should be kept in a sunny, warm and humid place with good ventilation. Summer and early autumn should be shaded by 50%-70%, and insolation is prohibited. In winter, the south can spend the winter outdoors, and the north should do indoor activities, and the room temperature should be kept at 5- 12℃. Turnover and pruning: Turn over the pots every 1-2 years 1 time. In February-March of spring or late autumn, all the old soil will be removed and the roots will be pruned appropriately. Can be combined with turning pots and lifting roots to form hanging roots and improve ornamental value. Every year, after defoliation in winter and before germination in the following spring, 1 pruning is carried out, such as pruning short and long branches, thinning over-dense twigs, pruning pests and diseases and other disorderly branches that affect appreciation; In the growing period, the seeds are removed, buds are smeared and branches are removed in time. All in order to maintain its beautiful appearance. The cut healthy branches can be used for cutting propagation. Pest control: There are few pests and diseases in snow bonsai, and aphids and snails occasionally occur. Aphids can be sprayed with 500-600 times diluted solution of essential oil; Snails can be sprayed with 58% Lei Feng emulsion 1500 times. Root rot occurs from time to time. At the initial stage of the disease, 600- 1000 times of 65438% copper pine oleate emulsifiable concentrate or 800 times of 50% genfuling can be used for root irrigation and foliar spraying. Spray (irrigate) 1 time every 3-5 days and spray (irrigate) continuously for 3-4 times.

Medicinal value

Alias White Horse Bone, Mantianxing [Jiangsu, Guangdong] Roadside Ginger, Tianxingmu, Roadside Vitex negundo, and Chicken Bone Chai are from the snow plants of Rubiaceae. serissoides？ (DC。 )? Druce, the whole plant is used as medicine. It can be recovered all year round. Wash, use fresh or cut into sections and dry in the sun. Note: The same factory is Serissa? Fidda? Comm It is also used by six people in the snow, and the effect is similar. Original evergreen shrub, usually 1 m high, much branched, with slender roots and yellow skin. The branches are thick, gray or bluish gray, and the tender branches are slightly hairy, which smells bad when rubbed. Leaves opposite or clustered on short branches, nearly leathery, obovate, elliptic or oblanceolate. ? Small white flowers bloom in August. Drupe is small and spherical. Sexual taste is light, slightly spicy and cool. Indications: invigorating the spleen and promoting diuresis, soothing the liver and promoting blood circulation. Used for infantile malnutrition, acute and chronic hepatitis, amenorrhea, leucorrhea and rheumatic lumbago. Usage and dosage) The usual dosage is 15 ~ 30g. Adverse reactions should not be equated with tea and red wine. And have minor headaches, dry mouth and other adverse reactions. Excerpted from National Collection of Herbal Medicine in China.