1. Forensic appraisal of medical disputes: whether medical institutions and their medical staff have committed medical negligence in medical activities, whether there are consequences of personal injury to the appraised person, and the relationship between medical negligence and the consequences of personal injury to the appraised person. Identify whether there is a causal relationship.

2. Identification of the degree of personal injury: Human injury refers to the destruction of the integrity of the body structure or the difference or loss of functions (including physiological functions and psychological functions). The appraiser makes a comprehensive judgment based on the theories and techniques of medicine and forensic science and combined with the practical experience of my country's forensic examination. According to the severity of the injury, it is divided into serious injury, minor injury and minor injury.

3. Assessment of the degree of disability of persons injured in road traffic accidents: For persons who have suffered various violent injuries in road traffic accidents, the assessor shall use professional knowledge to analyze based on the inspection results and disability assessment standards. the comprehensive judgment reached.

4. Assessment of the degree of disability of persons injured by personal injuries and assessment of the degree of disability of employees caused by work-related injuries and occupational diseases: refers to the assessment by relevant authorized agencies of persons who have been injured by various types of violence or who have been injured on the job or in professional activities. After a worker suffers from an occupational disease, the degree of disability is determined through a medical examination when the medical treatment period stipulated in the national social insurance regulations expires.

5. Assessment of the relationship between injury and disease: assessment of whether the disease is caused by the injury, or whether the original disease is aggravated or worsened by the injury.

6. Assessment of days lost from work for persons injured due to personal injury: the time required for diagnosis and treatment after personal injury to achieve cure (i.e. disappearance of clinical symptoms and signs) or fixation of physical signs recognized by the general principles of clinical medicine. assessment.

7. Assessment of the nursing staff and duration of personal injury injuries: Assessment of the number and time of nursing staff who are disabled due to injury or illness and need to rely on the care of others during and after diagnosis and treatment because they cannot take care of themselves.

8. Assessment of the degree of nursing dependence of the disabled: Nursing dependence refers to those who are disabled due to injury or illness and need to rely on the care of others because they cannot take care of themselves. The scope of self-care in daily life mainly includes the following five items: ① eating; ② turning over; ③ defecation and urination; ④ dressing and washing; ⑤ self-movement. The degree of nursing dependence is divided into three levels: ① Complete nursing dependence refers to the inability to take care of oneself; ② Most nursing dependence refers to the inability to take care of oneself in most of the life; ③ Partial nursing dependence refers to the inability to take care of oneself in part of the life.

9. Labor ability assessment: refers to the graded assessment of the degree of labor dysfunction and self-care impairment, which is divided into complete loss of labor ability, major loss of labor ability, and partial loss of labor ability.

10. Assessment of specialized labor ability: that is, the assessment of the degree of loss of specialized labor ability. Specialized labor ability means that compared with most natural persons, he has unique expertise and cannot be possessed by ordinary people. This kind of person's unique expertise is his patent for making a living and is the main and only source of income.

11. Medical expenses review: a reasonable review of medical expenses. Medical expenses are the expenses required for medical examination, treatment and recovery after a natural person's body has been illegally violated.

12. Necessary nutrition fee assessment: refers to the cost incurred by the victim who cannot meet the requirements for the recovery of the damaged body through usual food intake, but needs to increase nutritional supplements to supplement the body.

13. Necessary plastic surgery fee assessment: the necessary use of surgery, medical equipment, drugs and other medical techniques to repair and reshape the damaged appearance or the shape of various parts of the human body after injury. cost.

14. Necessary organ transplant fee assessment: refers to the surgical transplantation of an individual’s organ (part, one or several) into his or her own body or a certain part of another individual. Required fees.

15. Substitute organ decoration fee assessment: refers to the use of artificial organs that are close to the damaged organ in appearance (used for decoration and sometimes as a functional function of the damaged organ), and installed on the victim. Required fee assessment.

16. Assessment of follow-up treatment costs: the actual necessary follow-up treatment costs incurred by the victim due to continued treatment - that is, any reasonable costs used in the subsequent treatment process.

17. Assessment of disability auxiliary equipment fees: It is the cost of the victim purchasing disability equipment to compensate for the loss of organ function, also known as functional compensation equipment fees.

18. Living age identification: Based on the appearance of the skeletal bone center and the degree of epiphyseal healing, tooth eruption and the development of secondary sexual characteristics, the living age is inferred.

19. Sexual function identification: Sexual dysfunction includes two aspects: inability to have intercourse and infertility. Specifically, it includes four types: male infertility, female infertility, male infertility, and female infertility.

20. Identification of malingering (injury) and fake illness (injury): Malingering is when a healthy person pretends to be sick in order to achieve personal goals, such as pretending to be paralyzed or mentally ill; fake illness is intentional damage. Damage or disease caused by oneself or by instructing others to damage oneself.

21. Inference of injurious objects and methods of injury: Infer the injurious objects and methods of injury based on the damage characteristics. The inference of the tool that caused the injury is generally made from two aspects. First, it is necessary to distinguish whether the injury is a blunt instrument injury, a sharp instrument injury or a firearm injury based on the type of injury such as abrasions, contusions, bite marks, wounds, fractures, etc.

Then, based on the shape of the damage, such as shape, size, etc., we can infer the shape, size, weight, length, thickness, and whether there are edges, corners, or other features of the injured object.