Fire refers to the disaster caused by burning out of control in time and space. In social life, fire is one of the disasters that threatens public safety and endangers people's lives and property.

As the saying goes: "Fire and water have no mercy." Today, fire is a common catastrophic problem faced by people all over the world. It has caused many serious losses of life and property to human society. With the development of social productivity and the increasing social wealth, the general trend of increasing fire losses and expanding the scope of fire hazards is an objective law. According to information provided by the United Nations' World Fire Statistics Center, fire losses double in less than seven years in the United States, double in an average of 16 years in Japan, and double in an average of 12 years in China. More than 10,000 fires occur around the world every day, killing hundreds of people. In recent years, about 40,000 fires have occurred in our country every year, killing more than 2,000 people and injuring 3,000-4,000 people. The direct property losses caused by fires every year are more than 1 billion yuan, especially those that cause dozens or hundreds of deaths. Fires occur from time to time, causing huge losses to the country and people's lives and property. Severe reality proves that fire is a disaster that occurs more frequently among multiple disasters in the world today, and it is also a disaster with the largest span of time and space.

Sex is embodied in the following five aspects.

1. Fires will cause heavy direct property losses

2. Indirect property losses caused by fires are more serious. All walks of life in modern society are closely connected, and one move affects the whole body. Once a serious or particularly large fire occurs, the indirect property losses caused are often dozens of times greater than the direct property losses.

3. Fires will cause a large number of casualties

4. Fires will cause damage to the ecological balance

5. Fires will cause adverse social and political impacts. It can be seen that the hazards of fire are quite serious. We must conscientiously implement the fire-fighting policy of "safety first, prevention first, combining prevention and fire prevention". While doing a good job in fire prevention, we must actively make various fire-fighting preparations ideologically, organizationally and materially, so that in case of fire In the event of a fire, it can quickly and effectively extinguish the fire and minimize fire losses and casualties.

Fire hazards and preventive measures [Part 2]

Fire can burn the material wealth created by human beings through hard work, destroy lives, endanger people's lives and health, and pollute The atmosphere destroys the ecological balance, affects people's normal life and social and economic development to a certain extent, and causes indelible physical and mental pain to humans; it also causes irreparable and irreparable losses. Hazards of fire combustion products to the human body

Hypoxia, high temperature, smoke, and toxic gases

1. Hazards of hypoxia to the human body

1. Oxygen in the air When the content is 21%, people's thinking is quick, their judgment is accurate, and they can live freely.

2. When the oxygen content in the air is 15%, the human body's muscle coordination ability is seriously affected, causing stiffness, hardness, coagulation, and slow walking.

3. When the oxygen content in the air is 10%, although people are conscious, their judgment will be significantly reduced.

4. When the oxygen content in the air is 6%, the human body is in a state of shock, with the brain unconscious, heart failure, and death soon.

2. The harm of high temperature to the human body

The gas in the fire field can reach a high temperature of several hundred degrees in a very short period of time. High temperature damages the respiratory tract; high temperature reduces blood pressure and reduces circulation. Exhaustion; high temperature causes tracheal congestion; high temperature causes pulmonary edema; high temperature can cause collapse.

3. The harm of smoke to the human body

The hot smoke at the fire scene is composed of carbon particles, tar-like liquid droplets, and dust raised when the building collapses, etc. composed.

It can block sight and make people disoriented; it can block and stimulate the inner mucosa and stop breathing; the cooled hot smoke can produce toxic liquid, which can cause poisoning and death.

4. The harm of toxic gases to the human body

The main toxic gases at the fire scene are: carbon monoxide; hydrogen chloride; nitrogen oxides; hydrogen sulfide; hydrogen cyanide, etc. These toxic gases It has the effect of anesthesia, suffocation and irritation; it damages the respiratory system, central nervous system and blood circulation system.

Fire Hazards and Preventive Measures [Part 3]

"Fire" refers to the disaster caused by burning out of control in time or space. Among various disasters, fire is one of the most frequent and common major disasters that threatens public safety and social development. Human beings' ability to utilize and control fire is an important symbol of civilization and progress. Fire brings civilization progress, light and warmth to mankind. However, fire out of control can cause disasters to humans. Therefore, the history of human use of fire and the history of fighting against fire go hand in hand. While using fire, people constantly summarize the rules of fire occurrence and try to reduce fire and its harm to humans as much as possible. Regarding fire, in ancient my country, people summed up the experience of "prevention is the first priority, rescue is the second priority, and warning is the next priority". With the continuous development of society, while social wealth is increasing day by day, the risk of fire is also increasing and getting bigger.

According to statistics, the average annual fire loss in my country in the 1970s was less than 2. 500 million yuan, and the average annual fire loss in the 1980s was less than 320 million yuan. In the 1990s, especially since 1993, the direct property losses caused by fires increased to an average of more than one billion yuan per year, with an average of more than 2,000 deaths per year. Practice has proved that with the development of society and economy, the importance of fire protection work has become more and more prominent. "Preventing fires and reducing fire hazards" is a general summary of the significance of fire protection legislation, which includes two meanings: first, to do various work to prevent fires and prevent fires; second, it is impossible for fires to never happen, Once a fire occurs, it should be put out promptly and effectively to reduce the harm of the fire.

Fire not only destroys material property and causes chaos in social order, but also directly or indirectly endangers lives and causes great harm to people's minds. Every year, many children are killed by fires. At the same time, there are also many fires caused by children accidentally using fire.

In social life, fire is one of the disasters that threatens public safety and endangers people's lives and property. As the saying goes: "Water and fire have no mercy"; "A thief steals half, and fire burns everything." Today, fire is a common catastrophic problem faced by people all over the world. It has caused many serious losses of life and property to human society. With the development of social productivity and the increasing social wealth, the general trend of increasing fire losses and expanding the scope of fire hazards is an objective law. According to information provided by the United Nations' World Fire Statistics Center, fire losses double in less than seven years in the United States, double in an average of 16 years in Japan, and double in an average of 12 years in China. More than 10,000 fires occur around the world every day, killing hundreds of people. In recent years, about 40,000 fires have occurred in our country every year, killing more than 2,000 people and injuring 3,000-4,000 people. The direct property losses caused by fires every year are more than 1 billion yuan, especially those that cause dozens or hundreds of deaths. Fires occur from time to time, causing huge losses to the country and people's lives and property. Severe reality proves that fire is a disaster that occurs more frequently among multiple disasters in the world today, and it is also a disaster with the largest span of time and space. This is specifically reflected in the following five aspects.

1. Fire will cause heavy direct property losses

On August 5, 1993, the Qingshuihe warehouse of Shenzhen Anmao Dangerous Goods Storage and Transportation Company was damaged due to the mixed storage of chemical dangerous goods. The reaction occurred, causing a fire and explosion accident. The fire burned for 16 hours. 15 people died, 8 people were missing, and 873 people were injured. During the rescue, 54 people were injured or killed by the public security officers alone. Two deputy directors of the Public Security Bureau died in the line of duty, and the building was burned down. Covering an area of ??39,000 square meters, the fire caused direct property losses of 1.52 billion yuan, and 4.6 million yuan of property was burned every day.

2. Indirect property losses caused by fires are more serious

In modern society, all walks of life are closely connected, and one move affects the whole body. Once a serious or particularly large fire occurs, the indirect property losses caused are often dozens of times greater than the direct property losses.

On July 3, 1990, the Liziyuan Railway Tunnel in Sichuan Province exploded and caught fire when oil and gas spilled from a tanker encountered an electric spark. Participating in the fire-fighting and rescue battle were the 13th Group Army of the People's Liberation Army, the Second Artillery Group, the Chengdu Military Region, the Daxian Military Division Reserve Division, the Daxian Detachment and the Fourth Detachment of the Armed Police Force, and the Sichuan Provincial Fire Brigade. The direct property loss of this fire was only 5 million yuan, but it caused the railway transportation to be interrupted for 23 days. The entire line was opened to traffic on the 26th, causing thousands of passengers to be stranded and many units to stop work for materials. The indirect property losses are difficult to estimate.

3. Fires can cause a large number of casualties

According to statistics, 3,021 people were killed and 4,404 people were burned in fires across the country in 2000. On average, 8.3 people were burned in fires every day. die. In 2000, 5,718 fires broke out in ***, Sichuan, killing 102 people and injuring 243 people. On December 25, 2000, a fire broke out in Dongdu Commercial Building in Luoyang, Henan Province due to illegal operation by a welder, resulting in 309 deaths and 7 injuries. Statistics from the International Fire Protection Technical Committee's global fire survey show that in recent years, 6 to 7 million fires have occurred around the world every year, and about 6 to 70,000 people have died in fires. The six countries with the highest number of fire deaths every year in the world are: (1) India, with an average of 20,000 people per year; (2) Russia, with an average of 13,500 people per year; (3) The United States, with an average of 5,000 people per year; (4) China, with an average of 2.1,000 people per year; (5) Japan, with an average of 2.1,000 people per year Average annual population is 2,000;

(6) Ukraine, average annual population is 1.7,000.

4. Fires can cause damage to the ecological balance

The Great Khingan Mountains forest fire that lasted almost a month from May 6 to June 2, 1987 was directly caused by the forest farm. It is caused by workers smoking in the wild. The indirect reason is that the climate conditions are favorable for combustion and there are many combustibles. Nearly 100,000 soldiers and civilians from the People's Liberation Army, forest police, public security fire fighters, and employees put out the fire after nearly a month of desperate struggle. The fire killed 193 people and injured 226 people. The fire destroyed more than 10 million acres of forestry resources. The fire affected 1 county and 3 towns. The destroyed ecological balance took 80 years to recover, and the economic loss was as high as 6.913 billion yuan.

According to statistics, the average annual forest fire deforestation area in my country reaches 1 million hectares (the forest coverage rate in my country is only 13%, and that in Japan is 60%). The forest area has been reduced on a large scale, causing flooding.

5. Fires will cause adverse social and political impacts

If a fire occurs in a head office, communication hub, foreign-related unit, ancient building, scenic spot, etc., it will have serious political impact. It even spreads across the country and even the world.

On November 15, 1994, a fire broke out in Yindu Nightclub in Jilin City due to arson, affecting the Municipal Museum in the same building. The building area was burned to 6,800 square meters, not only causing direct property losses of more than 6.71 million Yuan, and more than 7,000 pieces of cultural relics in the museum that cannot be calculated in terms of money and a dinosaur fossil from Heilongjiang that was on display in the museum more than 70 million years ago (11 meters long, 6.5 meters high) were burned, and the world's largest The No. 1 meteorite (weighing 1,775 kilograms), the largest treasure in the Jilin meteorite rain and listed in the "Guinness Book of World Records", was also split into two halves in the fire, and two people were burned to death, causing an incalculable economic impact. losses and even negative political impact.

It can be seen that the hazards of fire are quite serious. We must conscientiously implement the fire protection work policy of "prevention first, combining prevention and firefighting" and do a good job in fire prevention.