Introduction of Kiwifruit in Liupanshui 1 Liupanshui is located at the peak of Wumeng Mountain, and the mountainous area is the dominant area. And the temperature in this area is suitable all year round, with an average temperature of about 3℃ in winter and 19.7℃ in summer. Therefore, Liupanshui area has been in a warm, humid, cool and refreshing climate for a long time, which has brought excellent ecological environment to the cultivation of kiwifruit. At present, there are many kinds of kiwifruit in Liupanshui, including wild kiwifruit kiwifruit, Gezao kiwifruit, red heart kiwifruit and Chinese kiwifruit.
2 Analysis of kiwifruit planting technology To master the planting technology of kiwifruit in mountainous areas, the key methods are mainly early scaffolding, process fertilization, pruning, pest control and mid-late harvesting. Accordingly, these key technologies will be analyzed in this paper, so as to further understand and understand the cultivation techniques of kiwifruit.
2. 1 Kiwifruit shelf technology Kiwifruit shelf technology has certain influence on its future growth. Therefore, scaffolding technology must conform to the actual situation of kiwifruit growth, which can be divided into tripod, sloping roof frame, hedge frame or T-frame. In different growth stages of kiwifruit, scaffolding methods are also different. To master the current scaffolding technology of kiwifruit in Liupanshui, there are many methods of scaffolding on sloping roofs, which can be of great benefit to the transformation of kiwifruit.
Therefore, in the erection process, the original data can be used for erection, and the cast-in-place concrete wooden column can be used as a fixed point and a fixed point for important load positions. In the specific construction process, the size of the scaffold is not the same, which is mainly related to the relative height of kiwifruit growth. Take the tripod erection method as an example. Generally, the relative height of scaffolding will be kept in the middle of 1.5- 1.8m, and steel wire will be selected to fix iron scaffolding in the middle of wooden scaffolding.
2.2 Fertilization Technology Fertilization will be carried out during the planting of kiwifruit, and fertilization will also be carried out according to the growth stage, season and variety of kiwifruit, and the frequency and amount of fertilization are different. Generally speaking, before planting kiwifruit, different soil layers contain different nutrients, and in order to better ensure the sufficiency of nutrients in the process of planting kiwifruit plants, the dug pits and grooves should be fertilized first, and the fertilization amount should be kept at 2.5kg.
In the early stage of kiwifruit growth, its growth rate is faster and it needs more nutrients. At this time, fertilization can be carried out several times to ensure that kiwifruit has enough nutrition to promote growth. Fertilization should be carried out when kiwifruit is harvested. During this period, the fertilization is mainly based on base fertilizer, and a little phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be added if necessary. Moreover, the amount of fertilization at this stage is relatively large. Generally, the amount of fertilizer applied to a seedling is about 22kg (20kg of organic fertilizer and 2kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer).
Moreover, because kiwifruit grows fast, it is necessary to fertilize as soon as possible. However, in order to reduce the frequency of fertilization, some growers apply more fertilizer every time, and some planters are close to the roots of plants when applying fertilizer, which leads to excessive nutrition in the roots of kiwifruit plants, which is not good for its development. Therefore, in the process of fertilization, we must attach great importance to such problems, and if necessary, we can apply fertilizer by irrigation to ensure that fertilizer can be evenly distributed.
2.3 plastic pruning and fruit thinning technology pruning and fruit thinning on time is one of the key links to ensure the vigorous development of kiwifruit. Moreover, not only kiwifruit planting needs pruning and fruit thinning, but also some other fruit tree planting will also carry out pruning and fruit thinning. However, due to the different scaffolding methods used in kiwifruit planting, the specific growth of kiwifruit is also different. Therefore, when pruning, pruning should be carried out according to the actual situation of scaffolding to ensure that all branches are symmetrical.
Kiwifruit plants need pruning at different growth stages, but the pruning methods are different because of their different growth cycles. If kiwifruit is pruned at the early growth stage (before germination), it should be mainly cut short and pruned according to the specific growth situation of kiwifruit plants. Conclusion It is not advisable to prune too many branches during pruning, so as not to affect the fruit loss in the future. However, kiwifruit needs pruning after germination, because too many germination periods will affect the development of fruit, so pruning is very necessary.
Secondly, if there are too many kiwifruit, it needs pruning, otherwise it will affect the growth of other fruits. Therefore, in the process of pruning, pruning is generally carried out after flowering, and the fruit of each branch is left in the middle of 20cm. If there are few branches, pruning can be carried out up and down by 25cm.
2.4 pest control technology kiwi fruit tree has serious pests and diseases, especially carbon maggot disease and soft rot disease, which have a great impact on the growth of kiwifruit, and the pests are also serious, such as cutworms. Therefore, in view of the diseases and insect pests of kiwifruit, corresponding control techniques should be adopted, and the diseases and insect pests at different stages are not the same, so corresponding measures should be taken to control them.