1, model casting method is also called block model method, and the manufacturing process is roughly divided into four steps: mold making, mold making, pouring and trimming. Molding is also called "master mold", and the raw materials can be various materials such as pottery or wood. The model should also select and prepare suitable mud, smear it on the model and dig out the model. Divide the turned mud into several pieces, take it down and burn it into pottery. This kind of pottery is hard and not easy to deform, so it is called pottery.
2. Assemble the pottery model to form the external cavity of the utensil, which is called the external mold. After the outer mold is made, a thin layer of clay mold for turning over the mold is cut off evenly to make the inner surface of the object, which is called the inner mold, and the bronze inscription is engraved on the inner mold. The inner and outer molds are integrated, and the gap cut between the inner and outer molds is where the molten copper remains, and the distance between them is the thickness of the bronze ware.
3. Pouring means pouring out the baked mold while it is hot. After the copper liquid is solidified, the inner and outer ceramic molds are broken and the cast bronze ware is taken out. A set of pottery models can only cast one bronze ware, and it is impossible to have two identical bronzes.
4. The lost wax method is to first make a wax model with the same size as the bronze to be cast with easily melted paraffin, and then coat the wax model with mud, which is the clay model. The clay model is dried and baked to melt the wax model and make the whole clay model become an empty shell, and then the molten bronze liquid is poured into the empty shell. After the bronze liquid is cooled, the mud layer is removed, and a bright and exquisite bronze ware is cast.
Bronze ware related knowledge
1. Bronze ware is an important part of ancient culture in China, and its history can be traced back to the late Neolithic Age. In Shang Dynasty, Western Zhou Dynasty and Spring and Autumn Period, bronzes were widely used in etiquette, war, sacrifice, daily necessities and other social fields. The exquisite craftsmanship of bronzes reflects the technical level and social civilization of ancient people in China.
2. There are many kinds of bronzes, including ritual vessels, weapons, cookers, wine vessels and musical instruments. Among them, ritual vessels are the most representative bronzes, such as Ding, Gui and Zun. They are used in sacrificial ceremonies and ceremonial occasions and are symbols of social rank and status.
3. The shapes and ornamentation of bronzes also have high artistic value, and there are often symbolic patterns such as gluttonous patterns, poems and Yun Leiwen on them, which reflect the ancient people's cognition and thinking about nature and society.
4. The production technology of bronzes mainly includes model casting and lost wax method. The model casting method is to make a vessel shape with a mold, and then pour copper liquid to form a bronze ware. Wax loss method is to use wax as a vessel, then paint mud on the wax as a mold, and then pour copper liquid to form a bronze ware. These two methods were widely used in Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
5. In the late Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, iron gradually replaced bronze ware. However, the production technology and artistic value of bronzes have been inherited and carried forward by people. Nowadays, many museums have a large number of bronze artifacts for people to enjoy and learn.