▲There are five main sources of the surname Wang:

First, it comes from the surname Ji

From this, three branches of the surname Ji that constitute the main body of the Wang family are derived. Tribe:

1. Descendants of Bi Gonggao, the fifteenth son of King Wen of Zhou.

According to "Tongzhi: Clan Briefing" and "New Tang Book: Genealogy List of Prime Ministers", Bi Gonggao was the younger brother of King Wu of Zhou. At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, he was granted the title of Bi (now Xianyang, Shaanxi Province). Northwest), he was a duke, so he was called Bi Gonggao in history. During the Spring and Autumn Period, his grandson Bi Wan left Bi State and went to Jin Dynasty. He became a Situ and was entrusted to Wei. He passed it to Wei Wenhou Si and divided Jin State with Zhao and Han. It was destroyed by Qin in 225 BC, and its descendants were scattered in all directions. Because they were kings, they were all called the Wang family.

The surname Ji was a famous and common surname in the pre-Qin period. After King Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, the surname Ji continued for three and a half centuries in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

The ancestor of the Ji surname is Houji recorded in historical records. Legend has it that Hou Ji's mother was named Jiang Yuan. Once she went to the wild and saw a huge human footprint. She was very curious because she had never seen such a huge footprint. She walked over and stepped on the huge footprint to see how much bigger it was than her own foot. Unexpectedly, she became pregnant after stepping on it, and later gave birth to a boy. Jiang originally thought that the boy was not a good omen, so he threw him on the street, hoping that the passing cows and horses would trample him to death. Unexpectedly, when the cows and horses saw the child, they all took a detour. Jiang Yuan wanted to throw him away in the forest again, but there were people everywhere she went, so she failed. Finally Jiang Yuan came to a ditch. It was winter and the water in the ditch was frozen. Jiang Yuan put him on the ice and wanted to freeze him to death. Just then, another big bird flew over. It lay on the ice and used its huge wings to protect the child. Jiang originally thought that the child was protected by gods and was not an ordinary person, so he gave up the plan of abandoning him and took him home to raise him. Because this child had been abandoned, the child's name was abandoned.

Because he was good at growing grains, he was promoted to a farmer during the reign of Emperor Yao. After Shun succeeded to the throne, he was granted the title of Houji in Tai (southwest of today's Wugong County, Shaanxi Province), and his surname was Ji.

In the third generation after Hou Ji, a man named Gong Liu came out of the Ji tribe, which made the Ji tribe develop rapidly. This was the early stage of the establishment of the Yin and Shang dynasties.

In the ninth generation after Gong Liu, another person named Gu Gong Danfu came out of the Ji tribe. At that time, the local Rongdi people often invaded the Ji tribe. In order to avoid conflicts with them, Gu Gongdanfu led the tribe to migrate from Bin (southwest of Xunyi County, Shaanxi Province today) to Qishan (northeast of today's Qishan County, Shaanxi Province). ) feet. Ancient Gong Xuanfu led the tribe to build cities and houses here, and established a bureaucracy to manage tribal affairs, thus achieving the scale of a country.

The grandson of Gu Gong Danfu is the famous King Wen of Zhou Jichang in history. At that time, it was during the brutal reign of King Zhou of Shang Dynasty. Ji Chang practiced benevolence and treated virtuous officials with courtesy, which was in sharp contrast to him. Ji Zhou's power continued to develop, and he successively conquered some surrounding small countries, and moved the capital east to Fengyi (today's west bank of the Feng River in the northwest of Chang'an County, Shaanxi Province). By the time King Wu of Zhou Jifa finally overthrew the Yin Shang Dynasty and established the Zhou Dynasty.

King Zhou Wu had many brothers, one of whom was named Gao and was the 15th son of King Wen. Ji Gao played an important role in King Wu's destruction of Shang and the political life of the early Zhou Dynasty. After King Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he held a solemn ceremony to enter the Shang capital. After entering the city, Ji Gao was ordered to open the prison of the Yin Shang Dynasty and release the people detained there. Then he took over the Shang Dynasty's institution in charge of music and etiquette. Therefore, when King Wu enfeoffed the princes, Ji Gao was enfeoffed in Bi (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province), so he was also called Bi Gonggao. King Wu died and King Cheng was established. When King Cheng was about to die, he summoned Duke Zhao and Duke Bi and asked them to assist Prince Zhao. When King Cheng died, Prince Zhao was established and became King Kang.

I don’t know how many generations later, Bi Gonggao’s descendants lost their titles and fiefs and became commoners, and some even ran to minority residential areas. Only their surname changed according to the place - Bi. In the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, one of Bi Gonggao's descendants named Bi Wan came to the Jin State, and once again made Bi Gonggao's Ji family prosperous. At that time, Duke Xiang of Jin was in power in the State of Jin, and Bi Wan was serving as an errand under Duke Xiang of Jin. In the 16th year of Duke Xiang of Jin (661 BC), Bi Wan and Zhao Su led their troops to attack the three kingdoms of Huo, Geng and Wei and destroy them.

Bi Wan was awarded the position of doctor by Jin Xiangong for his meritorious service, and was granted a title in Wei (now north of Ruicheng County, Shanxi Province). From then on, Bi Wan and his descendants took the fief as their surname and changed their surname to Wei. In political struggles one after another, the Wei family assisted the Jin Dynasty, but also strengthened themselves. In the end, the Jin State was divided among the three families of Han, Zhao, and Wei, and the Jin State was destroyed.

The Wei State established by the Wei family has always been one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period. The last monarch of the Wei State, King Wei, was captured by the Qin army and the Wei State fell. In the fourth year after the fall of Wei, the Qin Dynasty unified the world. The false descendants of King Wei were also scattered throughout the country and were called the Wang family. From then on, they took Wang as their surname.

2. The Wang family originated from Prince Jin

Prince Jin was a talented royal nobleman in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

It is said that one time Duke Ping of Jin sent Uncle Yu to visit Zhou Dynasty. Prince Jin's eloquence surprised Uncle Yu. After returning to Jin, he said to Duke Ping of Jin: "Prince Jin is only 15 years old, but he is so powerful. I argued with him, but he couldn't answer his question, saying, "We should return the land that we had invaded to the Zhou royal family as soon as possible, otherwise we will be in great trouble." Shi Kuang, who was on the side, was very unconvinced after hearing this. He didn't believe that a 15-year-old child could be so powerful, so he asked to go to the Zhou court to debate with Prince Jin. Unexpectedly, when Shi Kuang met Prince Jin, he was also asked by Prince Jin. Shi Kuang is blind. He used this physical disability to find a way to step down. He said: "I am a blind man who cannot see. I only rely on my ears to understand the outside world. What I hear with my ears is much less than what I see with my eyes, so it is easy to be confused." Having said that, Shi Kuang did learn from Prince Jin. sharp.

Prince Jin not only quarreled with the envoys who came to compete, but also argued vigorously about his own country's affairs. In the 22nd year of King Ling of Zhou (550 BC), the two rivers Gushui and Luoshui flooded, directly threatening the safety of the palace. King Ling of Zhou planned to use blocking methods to stop the floods. Prince Jin firmly opposed it and advocated using The diversion method is a fundamental solution. In particular, it should be pointed out that Prince Jin derived the major issue of how to govern the country from the issue of how to control floods, pointing out that the method of blockage was actually to protect oneself temporarily and intensify conflicts. He said: "The king will be guarding the Douchuan River to decorate the palace. He is decorating the chaos and supporting the fight. Is it possible that he will be injured because of the disaster? My predecessors, kings Li, Xuan, You, and Ping, were greedy for natural disasters, and they have not been eliminated today. I In another chapter, if you are afraid of your elders and descendants, will the royal family become more humble?"

Prince Jin was a person who had the status of a prince but was not able to inherit the throne in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. There are two theories about him not inheriting the throne: one is that he was deposed as a prince because of his outspoken advice; the other is that he died young and lost the chance to inherit the throne.

According to the "New Book of Tang Dynasty: Genealogy List of Prime Ministers", Prince Jin of Zhou Ling King was deposed as a commoner because of his direct remonstrance, and his son Zong Jing became Situ. His descendants moved from Luoyang to Taiyuan and Lang Xie, people at that time called the Wang family because of their surname.

3. After Zhou Ping Wang Taisun Chi

The Hedong Yi family has the surname Wang, and after Zhou Ping Wang Taisun Chi. King Ping reigned for more than fifty years, and his prince Zhuofu died before him. Death, Zhuo's father and son were named Chi, and they were the brothers of King Huan of Zhou. After King Ping passed away, Chi inherited the throne, but because his power was not as powerful as his brother's, he was soon overthrown, and he had no choice but to flee to Jin. His descendants also changed their surname to Wang because they were from a royal family, and became the Shanxi Wang family.

2. It comes from the surname Gui

It is a descendant of King Tian He of Qi. In 404 BC, Tian He deposed Qi and established his own king, and changed the surname Jiang of Qi to Tian surname of Qi. , later the Qi State was destroyed by the Qin State. After the destruction of the Qi State, the last emperor of the Qi State, King Qi, lived in Jiangxi (now Huixian County, Henan Province) and had three sons: Yi, Huan, and Zhen. The alien son is safe. When Xiang Yu rebelled against Qin, he was named King of Jibei. After Xiang Yu's death, Tian An lost his throne. In order to commemorate the glory of this time, his descendants changed their surname to Wang. This is the Ren family in Henan.

The ancestor of the surname Gui can be traced back to Yu Shun in ancient times. Yu Shun took Yu as his surname because the place where his family lived and multiplied was located in the Puzhou, Ruicheng and Pinglu area at the southern end of today's Shaanxi Province. There was Yushan Mountain in the territory, and it was the seat of the ancient Yu Kingdom.

When Yu Shun was not selected as Yao's successor, Yao married his two daughters to him in order to examine and train him. Yu Shun and his two wives lived on the shore of Guishui River at that time. This Gui River is located south of Puzhou Town, Yongji County, Shanxi Province today. It originates from Mount Li and flows westward into the Yellow River. Therefore, Shun's descendants took the name of the river where they lived as their surname, Gui.

Shun's mother died early, and his father Gusou married a new wife, and later had a son named Xiang with his new wife. Gusou loved his new wife and his son, and his feelings for Shun grew from intimacy to estrangement, from estrangement to disgust, and from disgust to hatred. He plotted against Shun many times and wanted to put him to death. Once, Gusou asked Shun to repair the top of the barn. When Shun climbed to the top, Gusou set a fire under the barn in an attempt to burn Shun to death. Fortunately, Shun was prepared in advance and used two big bamboo hats to protect himself.

Shun inherited the world from Yao by recommendation. Before he abdicated, he passed the world to Yao by recommendation. Xia Yu. Because of Shun's passing on the throne, Xia Yu enfeoffed Shun's eldest son Shang Jun in Yu (now north of Yucheng County, Henan Province). From then on, a branch of the Gui family lived and multiplied in this place for generations.

After the Xia and Shang dynasties, the Gui surname developed in both the Guishui Basin and the Yu State. By the end of the Shang Dynasty, due to the increasing strength of the Zhou State in the west with the Ji surname, the relationship between the Gui surname and the Zhou State in the two places gradually became closer.

The Gui surname in the Guishui River Basin has a close relationship with the Zhou Dynasty. The descendants of Shang Jun in the Yu State also had close contacts with Ji Zhou in the west at the end of the Shang Dynasty. A man named Yi Fu came to the Zhou State and became an official like Tao Zheng, responsible for the pottery production of the Zhou State. . After King Wu of Zhou destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he implemented a system of enfeoffment. There were three types of people to be enfeoffed: one was after the sages and sages; the other was after the hero and counselor; and the other was his own brother. As sages and sages, the descendants of Shennong, Huangdi, Yao, and Yu all received fiefs and titles, and the Gui family, the descendants of Shun, were no exception. King Wu found his father's son Guiman and sealed him in Chen with the title of Duke. The capital of Chen State was Wanqiu (now Huaiyang County, Henan Province), so Guiman was called Hu Gongman or Chen Hu Gongman, and became the ancestor of the Gui surname in the Huaiyang area of ??Henan Province.

The position of the monarch of Chen State passed down for 10 generations and changed 15 positions. When Xuangong Chujiu arrived, a turmoil broke out in the country. After Duke Xuan ascended the throne, he made Yu Kou the prince. Later, Duke Xuan's favorite concubine gave birth to a son named Kuan, who was deeply loved by Duke Xuan. Duke Xuan planned to make money his heir, so he killed the prince Yu Kou. There was a person very close to Yu Kou named Chen Wan, who was the son of Chen Ligong. The imperial bandits were killed, and Chen Wan could no longer stay in Chen State, so he took his family and fled to Qi State. At this time, China's history had entered the Spring and Autumn Period. The State of Qi was in the reign of Duke Huan of Qi and was in a stage of prosperity. Duke Huan of Qi originally planned to appoint Chen Wan as prime minister, but Chen Wan declined. Therefore, he became the Gongzheng of Qi State and was mainly responsible for the production of equipment in Qi State. Chen Wan's family settled in Qi State and changed their surname from Chen to Tian.

About 170 years after Tian Wan entered Qi, Tian Qi, a descendant of Tian Wan, used the method of big fights to give out and small fights to take away to win over the hearts of the people of Qi in his own fiefdom, which made the Tian family's power more powerful. It became more and more powerful, and some far-sighted people said: "I am afraid that the government of Qi will eventually fall into the hands of the Tian family." After Qi Jinggong's death, Tian Qi used force to kill Gao Zhaozi who supported Jinggong's crown prince Ruzi Tu, and drove away He defeated another supporter of Ruzi Tu, Guo Huizi, and finally killed Ruzi Tu and established another son of Jinggong, Qi Yaogong Yangsheng. He became the prime minister of Qi and took control of the power of Qi. More than 100 years later, Tian Qi's great-grandson Tian He replaced Qi Kanggong and became the monarch of Qi. This is the famous "Tian clan replaces Qi" event in history.

During the Warring States Period, the State of Qi under the rule of the Tian family experienced a process from prosperity to decline. After 8 generations of monarchs, 184 years later, during the period of King Qi Tian Jian, the State of Qi was swept away by the broom of Qin King Yingzheng who swept across Liuhe. Entered the territory of the unified Qin Empire. King Tian Jian of Qi was moved to Henan *** County (today's Huixian County, Henan) after the fall of the country. His son Tian Sheng was named King of Jibei by Xiang Yu during the anti-Qin storm at the end of Qin. Xiang Yu was defeated by Liu Bang after only 4 years of dominance. With Xiang Yu's defeat, Tian Sheng's title of King of Jibei no longer existed. However, the treatment of the King of Jibei in just a few years set the precedent for a king with the surname Gui. From then on, Tian Jian's descendants took Wang as their surname from generation to generation.

3. It comes from the surname Zi

After Bi Gan, the prince of the Yin Shang Dynasty.

The surname Zi is the surname of the imperial family of the Yin and Shang Dynasties. The imperial families of the Yin and Shang Dynasties began to use Zi as their surname. Legend has it that Qi's mother was Jian Di, the daughter of the Youcheng family. One time, Jian Di and her sisters were bathing in the river when they suddenly saw a big bird flying from the sky. The bird laid an egg by the river, which happened to be very close to Jian Di. Jian Di picked up the egg and ate it. Strangely enough, Jian Di became pregnant after eating the bird's egg. After ten months of pregnancy, she gave birth to a boy, who was Qi.

Qi was born and grew up during the reign of Yao, and showed extraordinary talents. When Dayu succeeded in controlling the floods and Shun commended him, Dayu said that Ji, Qi, Gaotao and others contributed to this place. Therefore, Shun also issued a special order to appoint Qi as a Situ, asking him to educate the people with the ethical concepts of father, mother, brother, brother, son, etc., and granted him the title of Shang (now south of Shangqiu County, Henan Province). son.

Qi was passed down from generation to generation in his fiefdom. By the time of his 13th generation, Sun Tang, he had moved the capital 8 times and finally settled in Bo (north of Shangqiu, Henan Province today). , became a powerful tribal group competing with the Xia Dynasty.

At that time, the Xia Dynasty had reached its end. In sharp contrast to the Xia Dynasty, the Shang Kingdom was in a period of flourishing development. The leader of the Shang Kingdom, Tang, was very good at governing the country. Tang was also a benevolent and righteous king, and people came to seek refuge with him one after another. Among the people who left Xia and Bentang, there was a capable man named Yi Yin, who became Tang's good assistant in governing the country. Finally, Tang launched an attack on the Xia Dynasty, defeated Xia Jie in one fell swoop, overthrew the Xia Dynasty, made his capital in Xibo (now Erlitou, Yanshi, Henan Province), and established the Shang Dynasty. The Shang Dynasty also lasted for more than 500 years with its ups and downs, and finally died under the third monarch, King Zhou. Bigan was the son of King Zhou's grandfather, Emperor Taiding, and the uncle of King Zhou of Shang. At that time, he was Served as a junior division commander. King Zhou was so stupid that people left one after another. King Zhou's brother Weizi left, and another brother Jizi also pretended to be crazy. But Bigan was determined to persuade King Zhou to change his ways. He met King Zhou and gave him earnest advice. King Zhou refused to listen, so Bigan refused to leave and stayed in the palace to persuade him for three days. Finally, King Zhou became impatient and said, "I heard that a saint's heart has seven orifices. I want to see if your heart is like this." After saying that, he cut Bigan's belly open, dug out his heart, and killed him alive. .

According to the "Tongzhi, National Brief Introduction", Bigan, the prince of the Yin Shang Dynasty (the uncle of King Zhou), had his heart cut open and died because he repeatedly advised King Zhou. After Bigan was killed, he was buried near Chaoge (now north of Weihui City, Henan Province), the capital of the country at that time. His descendants guarded his mausoleum for generations. In order to commemorate him, they changed their surname to "Wang".

4. Other clans changed their surnames or gave them surnames

1. The Liu family changed their surname to the Wang family

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang established a new dynasty in the second year of the founding of the country (10 The imperial edict issued in 1989 said: "Mingdehou Liu Gong, Lilihou Liu Jia and other thirty-two people all know the destiny of heaven. They may offer heavenly talismans, pay tribute to Changchang, or arrest rebels, and they have made great achievements. Liu and the three Twelve people who share the same ancestor should not be dismissed and given the surname "Wang".

During the Five Dynasties, Liu Qufei, a native of Youzhou, followed Liu Shouqi and served as the Sima of the Heyang Marching Army in the Houliang regime.

When Li Cunxu conquered the Houliang River and Luo areas, Liu Qufei defected to Gao Jixing, who was staying behind in Jingnan, Houliang, and became Gao Jixing's confidant. After the establishment of the Later Tang Dynasty, Gao Jixing expressed his submission and was appointed as the Secretary of the Later Tang Dynasty. Gao Jixing always had a close relationship with Li Cunxu of the later Tang Dynasty, but Liu Qufei changed his surname to Wang Baoyi to protect himself because he had been against Li Cunxu.

2. Liu changed his surname to Wang

During the Northern Dynasties, the Hu people from the Western Regions moved to Xinfeng (now northeast of Lintong County, Shaanxi Province) and died soon after. His wife took her son to make money and married Wang Can of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, his surname was changed to Wang, and his son was Wang Shichong, who once proclaimed himself emperor in the late Sui Dynasty.

3. The Xie family changed their surname to Wang family

Wang Deren lived in Tingzhou Prefecture (now Changting County, Fujian Province) in the Ming Dynasty. His family’s original surname was Xie family. Pretending to be surnamed Wang".

The "Preface to the King's Death List" written by Wang Shurong of the Qing Dynasty said: "My family is from the Jin Dynasty and served as Zhonglang Xie Wanshi. In Liang Tianjian, Jing Digong was tabooed by the official Wuxing Prefecture because of his family. In the early Ming Dynasty, Duke Zhonglie was appointed as the commander of Peiping, and he and Zhang Bing and Zhang Xin received the secret edict of Jianwen to supervise the king of Yan. Duke Zhonglie went to investigate, and both of them were killed together. When the Jingnan troops broke out, the Yi clan issued strict orders, and Duke Zhonglie's youngest son was exempted from taking his surname.

4. Sun changed his surname to Wang

The original surname of Wang Yi'e, the censor of the Ming Dynasty, was Yang, and the original surname of Wang Dachong, the judge of Dali, was changed to Wang.

5. Ethnic minorities changed their surname to Wang

1. The Kepin family of the Xianbei people. Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty moved the capital here from Beiping City. Many generations of northern Xianbei people also followed here. In the 19th year of Taihe (495), Emperor Xiaowen ordered the Xianbei people to move to Luoyang. They will all change their place of origin to Luoyang, Henan, and they will be buried in Mangshan, north of Luoyang, and their surname will be changed to the Han surname.

2. The Qiang clan

The Biography of Eunuch Wang Yu in Volume 94 of "Book of Wei" says: "Wang Yu, when he was in Ziqing, his real name was Ta evil, Feng Yi, Li Run, Zhen Qiang. Together with Lei, Dang, and Bumeng, they are among the powerful Qiang clans. Ziyun's first surname was Wang, then his surname was changed to Qian'er, and during the reign of Emperor Shizong, it was changed to Wang Yan. Since the Jin Dynasty, Heng has been the head of the canal.

The Qiang clan's Qian'er clan was the brothers of Qian'er clan and Qian'ergan during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. During the Daye period of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, the two of them "renamed themselves queen brothers and changed their surnames" Wang family. "The fact that the Qian'er brothers became the queen's brothers started from the Xiao family, the empress of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty. Xiao's younger sister once married the Qiang family Qian'er family. According to their generation, the Qian'er brothers may be of the same generation as Empress Xiao.

3. Koryo people

It was not uncommon for the Koryo people in the Yingzhou area to change their surname to Wang from the Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties. "Book of Zhou" Volume 20 "Biography of Wang Meng" records: "The character Wang Meng. Ziwu is the brother of Queen Mingde. "He was the first to be a prodigal". The "Biography of Wang Sili" in Volume 110 of the Book of Tang Dynasty records: "Wang Sili was a Korean from Yingzhou City." The "Biography of Wang Maozhong" in Volume 16 of the same book also said that Duke Mao Zhong of Huo State was "the original It is unknown whether Wang Maozhong is a Korean from the Yingzhou area, but it is certain that he changed his surname to Wang for a Korean.

4. Uighurs

An Dong The Duhufu was established in the first year of the General Chapter of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 668). Among the Uighurs who belonged to the Andong Duhufu, there was a family named Abusi, which was one of the major Uighur surnames. In 1996, the Anton Protectorate was abolished, and a man named Wu Gezhi, named Absi, went to Chengde Jiedushi Li Baochen and was adopted by Li Baochen's general Wang Wujun as his adopted son. From then on, he changed his surname to Wang. /p>

5. The Xiongnu tribe

The Xiongnu were an ethnic minority in the north of our country in ancient times. During the Warring States Period, they were nomadic in the areas north of Yan, Zhao and Qin. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, there was an existing relationship between the Central Plains Dynasty and the Xiongnu. In the 24th year of Jianwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 48), the Xiongnu split. The northern Xiongnu stayed in Mobei, and the southern Xiongnu descended south to join the Han Dynasty, forming the Xiongnu and the Central Plains. The first climax of the exchanges between the Han Dynasty and the Sixteen Kingdoms period of the Three Kingdoms and Western Jin Dynasty, a large number of Huns moved further south to the Central Plains and established several political regimes. Many of the Huns entered the Central Plains and changed their surnames during their interactions with the Han people. The surname was changed to Wang.

6. Khitan people

According to the records of "New Tang Book" and "Yinri Tang Book", Wang Tingcuo, the adoptive father of the Uighur man mentioned above. Wu Jun was a member of the Khitan Nuji tribe. His grandfather, father, son, grandson, and great-grandson were all prominent in the Tang and Five Dynasties periods. By the time of the Liangzong period, the Khitan people established the Liao Kingdom, and there were many members of the Yelv family in its royal family. Changed the surname to Wang.

7. The Jurchen tribe established the Jin Dynasty during the Song Dynasty. The Wanyan family of the Jin Dynasty also changed their surname to Wang after the fall of the Jin Dynasty. According to the Epitaph, Wang Sixiao's ancestors came from the Wanyan family of the Jin clan and lived in Cizhou (today's Ci County, Hebei Province). Wang Sixiao's father, Wanyan Yuan, was a military envoy of the Jin Dynasty. When Sixiao was young, he was involved in a funeral and lived in Daming, Puyang and other places.

8. Mongols and Manchus

After the Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty were established successively. During the long-term contact with the Han people, many Mongolians and Manchus were born. People also changed their surname to Wang.

▲Historical celebrities surnamed Li

Li Er: Laozi, a native of Chen State in the late Spring and Autumn Period, an important philosopher. He advocated nature. He was famous for his "Tao Te Ching" in the Zhou Dynasty. He proposed the idea that "man follows the earth, the earth follows the sky, heaven follows the Tao, and the Tao follows nature". He is the founder of "Taoism", an important philosophical thought in China, and the first person with the surname Li found in historical records.

Li Si: A native of Shangcai, Henan Province. During the Warring States Period, he served as the prime minister of the Qin State and assisted Qin Shi Huang in unifying the six kingdoms and establishing the feudal empire.

Li Bing: A water conservancy expert during the Warring States Period. Appointed as the governor of Shu County by King Zhao of Qin, he controlled water according to law and built Dujiangyan, a well-known water conservancy project at home and abroad. He made great contributions to national agricultural production and water conservancy projects, and was regarded as the God of Sichuan by later generations.

Li Bai: His ancestral home is Qin'an, Gansu Province. He is a famous romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty. He has an extremely high status in the history of Chinese literature and is known as the "Immortal of Poetry". He created many works in his life, and more than 900 of them exist in existence. His representative works include "The Road to Shu is Difficult", "The Road is Difficult to Travel", "Thoughts on a Quiet Night", etc.

Li Guang: A native of Longxi Chengji (now Qin'an, Gansu Province), a famous general in the Western Han Dynasty. He participated in more than 70 wars against the Xiongnu and was known for his bravery and skill in fighting. When he served as the governor of Youbeiping, the Huns did not dare to attack him for several years and called him "Flying General".

Li Chun: Craftsman of Sui Dynasty. The Zhaozhou Bridge he created is the famous ancient stone arch bridge in my country and occupies a glorious page in the history of bridge construction in China and the world.

Li Shimin: Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, his ancestral home is Chengji, Longxi. He is a relatively enlightened feudal emperor who is talented, knowledgeable, knowledgeable and good at responsibilities, and accepts advice with an open mind. During his reign, the government was politically clear, the criminal law was lenient, the society was stable, and the economy was prosperous. It was known as the "Government of Zhenguan" in history. It created a prosperous era of Zhenguan in which "admonishment flowed like a stream, Taoism did not pick up lost things, and households did not close their doors at night".

Li Qingzhao: a native of Jinan (now part of Shandong Province), a female poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. The argument emphasizes the law of association, advocating elegance and emotion, and puts forward the saying "don't be a family" in lyrics, and opposes the method of writing poetry. She created many poems, lyrics, and articles throughout her life. The original "Collection of Li Yian" has been lost, and later generations compiled it into "Ci of Shuyu".

Li Yuanhao: Dangxiang Qiang tribe, in 1031, inherited his father's throne and decided not to use the surname given by the Tang and Song Dynasties. He announced that the Xixia royal family would change their surname to "Weiming clan" and named himself "Wuzi", calling himself the Emperor of Xixia.

Li Shizhen: with the courtesy name Dongbi and the nickname Binhu, he was a native of Qizhou (now Qichun County, Hubei Province) in the Ming Dynasty. Born into a family of traditional Chinese medicine, he was an outstanding medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty. It took him thirty-seven years to compile the "Compendium of Materia Medica" and made great contributions to my country's medical industry.

Li Zicheng: A native of Mizhi, Shaanxi today, the leader of the peasant rebel army in the late Ming Dynasty, nicknamed "King Chuang". In 1643, he was proclaimed King Xinshun in Xiangyang. The following year, he established the Dashun regime and conquered Beijing. Killed in 1645.

Li Hongzhang: courtesy name Shaoquan, a native of Hefei, Anhui Province, and a politician in the Qing Dynasty. He was instrumental in pacifying the Nian bandits and the Taiping Rebellion, and served successively as governor of Zhili, Huguang, and Guangdong and Guangxi. He was especially good at diplomacy and had signed treaties with foreign countries on behalf of the Qing court many times. Later, he died of vomiting blood due to overwork. He was granted the title of First-class Marquis in Jin Dynasty and was given the posthumous title of Wenzhong.

Li Ruzhen: A native of Daxing, Zhili (now part of Beijing City). Novelist of Qing Dynasty. His representative works include the novel "Flowers in the Mirror".

Li Zongren: courtesy name Delin, a native of Guilin, Guangxi Province, leader of the Gui clan. In the late period of the Liberation War, he served as vice president and acting president of the Kuomintang government. He went to the United States at the end of 1949 and returned to Beijing in July 1965. Died of illness in 1969.

Li Dazhao: courtesy name Shouchang, a native of Laoting County, Hebei Province. He studied in Japan in his early years. After returning to China, he served as editor-in-chief of Beijing's "Morning Bell", editor of "New Youth", professor and director of the library of Peking University. He is one of the leaders of the New Culture Movement, the earliest Marxist in China, and one of the founders of the Communist Party of China.

Li Xiannian: Formerly known as Li Wei, he was from Huang'an (now Hong'an), Hubei Province. Born in 1909, he participated in the Huang'an and Macheng peasant uprisings in 1927 and joined the Communist Party of China. Since then, he has been closely linked to the party's cause throughout his life and fought for it. In June 1983, he was elected to the People's Republic of China and the People's Republic of China. President. He died of illness in Beijing in June 1992.

Li Siguang: Geologist. A native of Huanggang, Hubei Province. Mongolian. Joined the Tongmenghui in his early years. Participated in the Revolution of 1911. He graduated from the University of Birmingham in the UK in 1919 with a master's degree. Returned to China in 1920. He once served as a professor at Peking University and director of the Institute of Geology, Academia Sinica. Engaged in research and teaching of paleontology, glaciology and geomechanics. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he successively served as Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Director of the Institute of Paleontology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Minister of the Department of Geology, Member of the Department of Geosciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chairman of the China Association for Science and Technology, and Vice Chairman of the second to fourth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He is the author of "Chinese Geology", "Introduction to Geomechanics", "Seismic Geology", "Astronomy, Geology, Paleontology", etc.