Yao and his wife argued endlessly about who was the main palace and who was the concubine. Finally, a solution was decided. It is said that King Shun was going to move to Puban at that time, and Yao ordered two women to leave Pingyang for Puban at the same time. Which one arrives first is the main palace, and which one arrives later is Pianfei. E Huang and Nv Ying listened to their father and set off for Puban. E Huang, a simple girl, galloped forward across a big horse, while Nv Ying talked about ostentation and extravagance, went by car and chose a mule to drive, which was very imposing. However, it was a hot summer and the animals were sweating all over. They passed by the north of xiyang village and met a stream. The two ladies took a break to let the animals drink water to quench their thirst, so as to continue their journey. On the way, unexpectedly, Nv Ying's mule suddenly gave birth to Ikoma, so the car stopped. At this time, E Huang's horse has galloped on a long journey, and Nv Ying has been left behind by mule Ikoma. The position of queen in the main palace was taken by E Huang. After the atmosphere in Nv Ying eased, he rebuked Mule for not allowing Ikoma to have a future. Therefore, it is said that mules will not get pregnant, except Ikoma, who was blocked by Nv Ying.
The place where future generations drink these two females is called Eying Spring, which is near Xiyang Village in Xiangfen County.
It is also said that Shun Di was in power for thirty-nine years and swam the Yangtze River. Unfortunately, he died in the wilderness of Cangwu and was buried in Jiuyi Mountain. Hearing the bad news, the two ladies went to the south to look for Wang Shun. By the Xiangjiang River, two women looked at Jiuyi Mountain and wept bitterly. Their tears splashed on our bamboo, which became the "spotted bamboo" in the south now, also called torreya grandis. After Shun's death, he jumped into the rolling Xiangjiang River and became the goddess of Xiangjiang River. People called them (,) or Mrs. Xiang.
The Chu people mourned it, changed Dongting Mountain to Junshan Mountain, and built a tomb and temple for it on the mountain. In fact, the tomb is also simple. There is a tombstone in front of the tomb of the great book "Yu Di Fei Er". There are stone steps in front of the tomb and tunnels paved with granite under them. On both sides of the stone tablet, there are portraits of two concubines and masterpieces of poets of past dynasties: in the north, there are poems by Mrs. Zhong Xiang in Qu Yuan's Lisao, and in the south, there are poems of mourning in the Tang and Song Dynasties, Li Bai, Chang Jian and Liu Yuxi in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Zhao Wei in the Qing Dynasty and Lu Xun recently. On a pair of nearly 3-meter-high sentry boxes in front of the tomb, a couplet inscribed by Shu Shaoliang is engraved: "Your princess is immortal; Mangosteen tears one person. " There are many bamboos around ChristianRandPhillips's tomb, and there are spots on them, like tears, which are said to be the tears shed by the second princess Shun Di before she threw herself into the water. In the Tang Dynasty, there was a poem "The Jade Emperor didn't return from his southern tour, and the second concubine had a cloud of bitterness." . How much blood and tears did you know? Until now, bamboo still has spots. "196 1 year, after listening to the report on the production and construction in Hunan by comrades in his hometown, President Mao Zedong was excited and wrote a brilliant poem" Seven Ways to Answer Friends ". At the beginning, I used the allusion of Shun and Xiang to express my feelings: "On Mount Jiuyi, Di Zi rode the wind. A tear drops from Bambusa, and Xia Hong is covered with clothes. "
Nv Ying, the concubine of Shun Di in 2200 BC.
In the historical legend of China, there are only two women who have turned bamboo. They are the daughters of Yao Diyi Fang Xun: E Huang Yi Nv Ying. They have a husband, Shun Di Yao Zhonghua.
Of course, when they lived more than 2200 BC, there was no such thing as a princess.
However, in any case, Sister E Huang Nv Ying, in the true sense of their identity, is a real princess.
However, why do two noble princesses marry the same man at the same time?
That's because it was still a clan society. There was a custom of getting married at that time. A married man has a choice. With the consent of his parents-in-law, he can decide whether to marry his wife's widowed sisters or unmarried sisters together.
This system, in the Zhou Dynasty, officially became a unique ritual system of the nobility and was written into the ritual law, which was called "ritual system". It is clearly written in "Etiquette Wedding": "If you marry a girl, you must follow her nephew. This is called love". Women who act as "wives" are basically sisters or cousins of men's formal wives. "Ai" is much higher than a concubine, but also lower than her husband's wife, and is subordinate to her wife. According to this, later generations speculated that this system was used by Emperor Yao when he married his daughter. It is generally believed that elder sister E Huang and younger sister Nv Ying should get married formally. Wife or quit, in short, E Huang, Nvying and I have a husband, Yao Zhonghua is in Shun Di.
Shun Di Yao Zhonghua should have fallen in love with the sisters, because Shun's father didn't agree to marry an Iraqi tribe. In this case, Shun adopted the way of "cheating on marriage", which should be a manifestation of his love.
When the wedding day arrived, Shun married two sisters by the Gui River with people and gifts.
Shun's tribe is the descendant of the ninth Yellow Emperor. At that time, his sphere of influence and the sphere of influence of Yao Emperor Yi Fangxun were in today's Shaanxi.
According to legend, Shun Di was "with thick eyebrows and big eyes (two black eyes in each eye socket), long face, big mouth and black face, and was six feet and one inch long". He is a stout, weird-looking black man. Although he is not handsome, he is in good health. He can grow crops, fish and hunt, make pottery and have an elegant hobby. He can play the piano (her husband plays the piano, her wife sings and dances, and her feelings are growing day by day). In that era of poor material conditions, Shun was a super good man, what's more, he was the future leader of the tribe. So the married life of the three people is still very happy.
However, Shun's private marriage, Yi's sister failed the test when he reached his father Gu Sou. Legend has it that Yao Xiang, the son of Gu Sou's wife, is determined to eradicate this rebellious eldest son. -The key reason may be that there is enmity with the daughter-in-law's tribe. The eldest son's family is hard-working and rich, and there are countless cattle and sheep, and there are countless grains of pottery. The old son has long been jealous. Yao Xiang is drooling over two beautiful sisters-in-law with extraordinary status.
So Gu Sou and Yao Xiang hurt Yao Zhonghua many times, but he escaped. It is said that Shun received a lot of help when his father and son separated. It can be seen that the husband and wife work together to advance and retreat.
About the life experience of Queen E, there is a legend that E Huang's biological mother died young and Nv Ying was the stepmother's child. In fact, it was patriarchal clan system at that time, and there were naturally a large group of women in Fang Xun. Their status depends entirely on Yi's love. E Huang Nv Ying's sister's mother is not favored, so strictly speaking, they are all concubines.
Sima Qian, the Taishi Duke, said in The Complete Book of the Five Emperors: When Emperor Yao heard of Shun's fame, he married his daughter. After several years' investigation, he felt that Shun really deserved to be entrusted with an important task, so he also awarded the throne to this son-in-law to "give up". This eternal moral policy made Tai Shigong very emotional and made many comments, lamenting how beautiful the ancient world was.
What is the truth?
The chronicle of bamboo books tells a different story.
Emperor Yao's favorite is that Xun's wife named Empress gave birth to her son Dan Zhu. Because of Yao's preference, he ranked first among ten sons and became Yao's default heir.
When Yao felt old and weak, he really passed on the throne.
The concubines' brothers and sisters, watching their mother being left out by their father since childhood, were indignant. What's more, Dani has always been a pet. He doesn't care about brotherhood, and his nature is fierce and stubborn. So no one wants Dani to be emperor.
So the coup took place inevitably. The husband and wife and the illegitimate child won the victory and locked Yao He up-Yao should have nothing to complain about. At the beginning, he also used the same method to win the position of leader from Big Brother Zhi.
Next, a life-and-death battle was launched between the nine brothers-in-law and Yao Zhonghua, who would eventually succeed to the throne.
Three years later, Yao Zhonghua finally won. In this whole process, E Huang Nv Ying always stood firmly by her husband's side. How outgoing a girl is! )
Yao Zhonghua became "Shun Di".
But more people are willing to regard Yao as their brother and Shun as their husband as a system of abdication.
Therefore, in the eyes of ordinary people, both Emperor Yao and Shun Di were wise rulers in the ancient history of China and were regarded as models by later generations.
Because of the fame of her father and husband, E Huang Nv Ying became the earliest example of ancient women in China. If the chronicle of bamboo slips is true, this example is very problematic: didn't the guardian clearly teach women not to perform their daughter's duties, but to be kind to their husbands?
After decades of caring for each other and educating children, E Huang Nv Ying followed her husband on the road of "Southern Tour".
(Another legend of "abdication system" said that Shun Chuan was in danger, and then he avoided the southern tour. In fact, according to the chronicle of bamboo slips, it was Emperor Yu who rebelled, seized the throne and exiled him and his wife. -This should be more reliable than "abdication": Shun killed Yu's father, how could he choose Yu as his heir? It should be that Yu fought against Shun's tribe in order to avenge his father, and finally took revenge and seized power. )
Three years later, Shun died in Cangwu and was buried in Jiuyi Mountain, Hunan Province. In the face of the rushing Xiangjiang River, E Huang Nv Ying, who lost her husband, cried bitterly. Running water is gone, just like their husbands are gone and can't be resurrected. Artemisia argyi is vast, the river is foggy, and the breeze hangs on it, adding to the sadness. Unable to return to the north, the pain is hard to stop. After crying, E Huang Nv Ying jumped into the Xiangjiang River. People who sympathize with the two sisters have since regarded them as daffodils, specializing in the flower gods of wax moon. They also said that their tears dripped on the bamboo beside the Xiangjiang River, and the tears did not fade and became spots. Legend has it that the Emperor of Heaven pities his sisters because of their infatuation. According to the different status before his death, he was named "Xiang Jun" and later "Mrs. Xiang". The spot bamboo stained with the tears of Jenny and sisters on Xiangjiang River is called "Xiangfei Bamboo".
Empress Grandson is the daughter of Sun Sheng, general of Xiao Wei in Sui Dynasty. At the age of thirteen, Shi married the second son of Li Yuan, who stayed in Taiyuan at that time, at the age of seventeen. Although she is young, she can do her best to be a woman, serve her in-laws and be a very competent kannika nimtragol, which won the favor of her husband and in-laws.
Li Shimin is a promising young man, both civil and military. At the age of twenty-one, he joined his father, Tang Yuan, in Taiyuan, and led the army to capture Chang 'an, the capital of the Sui Dynasty, making Tang Yuan the emperor's throne and becoming the founder of the Tang Dynasty-Tang Gaozu. After Tang Gaozu proclaimed himself emperor, he named Li Shimin King of Qin, who was responsible for controlling the military forces in Kanto. Within a few years, Li Shimin sent troops to wipe out the separatist forces in the Central Plains and completed the great cause of reunification in the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, Tang Gaozu named him General Ce Tian, ranking higher than other princes. In Li Shimin's Civil War, the eldest grandson princess closely followed her husband and took care of his daily life, so that Li Shimin could get gentle comfort like a clear spring after the busy war, thus making him more energetic and invincible in the battle.
In August of the ninth year of Wude in Tang Gaozu, Li Yuan was given a Zen position to Prince Li Shimin because of his advanced age, and Li Shimin became Emperor Taizong. When a rising tide lifts all boats, the eldest grandson princess immediately became the eldest grandson queen of the mother instrument world, fulfilling Mr. Bugua's prediction of "mastering everything in the universe." As the supreme queen, I am not proud of it. As always, she maintained the virtues of being virtuous, humble and thrifty. For the old and idle Emperor Tang Gaozu, she is very respectful and meticulous. Every morning and evening, she goes to inquire after him, reminding the maids around Emperor Gaozu how to adjust his daily life, and she is as filial as an ordinary daughter-in-law and grandson, and is also very tolerant and obedient to the concubines in the harem. Instead of seeking special care, she advised Li Shimin to treat every concubine fairly as usual. Because of this, there are few jealousies in the harem of Emperor Taizong, which are rare in all previous dynasties.
Because the eldest grandson's actions were straightforward, Emperor Taizong also valued her. Back to the harem, I often talk to her about some details of military affairs and rewards and punishments. Although the eldest grandson is a very insightful woman, she doesn't want to interfere in state affairs in a special capacity. She has her own set of principles that men and women are different and perform their duties. Therefore, she said, "Hens are not the right way in the morning, and it is also ominous for women to predict political events." However, Emperor Taizong insisted on listening to her opinion. However, the eldest grandson couldn't help it. She gave a thoughtful opinion: "In peacetime, benevolence and talents can be assisted, and other concubines don't understand." She put forward principles instead of binding the emperor's husband with detailed suggestions. She has great confidence in the ability of Li Shimin's advisers and wise men.
Li Shimin firmly remembered his wife's words "Be prepared for danger in times of peace" and "Be virtuous and teach". At that time, the world was basically peaceful, and many military commanders gradually began to neglect practicing martial arts. In his spare time, Emperor Taizong often recruited military attaché s to practice archery, calling it a pastime. In fact, it is to urge the military attaché s to practice martial arts diligently, and take the exercise results as an important reference for their promotion and reward. According to the rules of past dynasties, except for court guards and individual heroes, it is generally forbidden to carry weapons into the palace to ensure the safety of the emperor, so someone reminded Emperor Taizong; "Everyone is holding an arrow in their seats. If someone tries to hurt your majesty, it will be a national disaster! " Li Shimin said, "I treat people with sincerity. Why should I doubt the people around me?" His style of appointing people on merit and employing people without doubt won the support of all his officials, so everyone under him encouraged himself and dared not let his guard down, even in times of peace and prosperity. The country has been well-trained in Mazhuang for a long time and is not afraid of foreign invasion.
Li Chenggan, the eldest son of the eldest grandson and Emperor Taizong, was made a prince since childhood, and his nurse, Mrs. Sui 'an, was in charge of the daily expenses of the Prince's East Palace. At that time, the palace practiced a system of frugality, and it was no exception in the womb, and the expenses were very compact. Mrs. Sui 'an often mumbles to herself in front of her eldest grandson, saying, "The prince is the future king and deserves the support of the world. However, now the expenses are tight and everything is very shabby. " Therefore, it has repeatedly asked for an increase in fees. However, the eldest grandson did not relent because she was his beloved son. She said: "As Chu Jun, there is still a long time when patients are not famous for their morality. Why do they suffer from a shortage of equipment and can't use it! " Her justice and wisdom won the admiration of all kinds of people in the palace, and everyone was willing to obey her arrangement.
Sun Chang Wuji, the eldest grandson's brother, is both civil and military. In his early years, he and Li Shimin became close friends and helped Li Shimin win the world and made outstanding achievements. He should be a senior official, but because of the queen's sister, he avoided suspicion everywhere so as not to leave excuses for others. Emperor Taizong originally wanted Sun Chang Wuji to be prime minister, but his eldest grandson said, "Now my concubine has entered the palace, which is extremely supreme. I really don't want my brothers to set up another court and become a family. The trip to Lv Hou in Han Dynasty can serve as a lesson. I hope to be wise, don't take my brother as the prime minister! " Emperor Taizong didn't want to listen to him. He felt that Sun Chang Wuji was able to become prime minister because of his merits and talents. He could "let everyone avoid personal relationships and be talented". And Sun Chang Wuji is also very concerned about her sister's relationship. Don't want to be a big minister. As a last resort, Emperor Taizong had to let him be the third secretary of the opening ceremony, with a lofty position and no actual charge of political affairs. Sun Chang Wuji still refused, on the grounds that "I am a consort and a senior official, afraid that everyone will say that your majesty is private." Emperor Taizong said seriously: "My voters are officials. Talent is useful, if there is no talent, although it is not necessary, Wang Xiangyi Shenfu is an example; If you are talented, you won't avoid the enemy. Wei Zhi is an example. Today's move is not personal. " Sun Chang promise this just promised down, the brother and sister are the kind of honest and selfless noble people.
Princess Changle is the apple of Emperor Taizong and his grandson's eye. Spoiled since childhood, she is a delicate golden leaf. When she was about to get married, she spoiled her parents and proposed that the dowry should be twice as much as that of Princess Yongjia. Princess Yongjia, the sister of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, got married when everything was waiting for the prosperous early Tang Dynasty, so the dowry was relatively simple. Princess Changle was in her prime when she got married, and her national strength was strong. It is not too much to ask for some dowry. But when Wei Zhi heard about it, he remonstrated with the court: "If Princess Changle's gift is too much for Princess Yongjia, it is incompatible with emotion and reason, and the children will be in order. The regulations have been made. I hope your majesty will not give orders to others! " Emperor Taizong disagreed with this statement. Times have changed and things have changed. There is no need to stick to the rules. After returning to the palace, Emperor Taizong inadvertently told his grandson what Wei Zhi said, but his grandson attached great importance to it. She praised: "It is often said that your majesty values Wei Zhi, but I don't know why;" After listening to his advice today, it is actually a courtesy to suppress the love affair of the master, and it is also a minister who knows the truth. My concubine and your majesty are married and have deep feelings. I am still afraid of your majesty's high position, so I must first examine your majesty's color in everything I say and do, and dare not offend easily; It is rare for Wei Zhi to be so alienated from people and ministers as to speak loudly, and your majesty can't help it. " So, under the care of her eldest grandson, Princess Changle got married with a very generous dowry.
The eldest grandson not only praised Wei Zhi verbally, but also sent an envoy from China to give Kevin·Z 400 silks and 400 yuan, and sent a message saying: "I heard that it is fair and straightforward, so now I see it, so I reward each other; The public should always grasp this heart and not transfer it. " With the support and encouragement of his eldest grandson, Wei Zhi devoted himself more and tried his best. He often makes faces in the court, not afraid of offending the emperor and etiquette. It was because he was such a loyal remonstrator that Emperor Taizong avoided many mistakes and became a wise king. In the final analysis, there is actually the contribution of the eldest grandson queen.
In the eighth year of Zhenguan, the eldest grandson visited Jiucheng Palace with Taizong. On the way back, she caught a cold, which caused her old chronic disease, and her condition became worse every day. Prince Chenggan asked to pardon the prisoners and sent them to the Taoist temple to pray for their mother to get rid of the disease. All the ministers thanked the Queen Shengde in succession, and even the honest and frank Wei Zhi did not raise any objection. However, the eldest grandson himself is firmly opposed. She said: "life and death are life, wealth is in the sky, beyond human power." If cultivating blessings can prolong life, then I have never done anything evil; What's the use of seeking happiness if doing good deeds doesn't work? Pardon prisoners is a national event, and Taoist temples are also a quiet place. You don't have to disturb them because of me. Why do I have to disturb the laws of the world because I am a woman! " She has a deep sense of justice and never influences state affairs for herself. Everyone was moved to tears. Emperor Taizong had to give up according to her wishes.
The eldest grandson's illness dragged on for two years and finally died in Li Zhengtang in the ten-year heat of Zhenguan, at the age of 36. When he died, he was still saying that he told Emperor Taizong to be kind to the good ministers and not to let the consorts be prominent. And asked for a thin burial after death, and everything was simple.
Emperor Taizong did not fully comply with the wishes of his eldest grandson. He ordered the construction of Zhaoling Mausoleum, which was very magnificent, and specially built a balcony in the cemetery so that the queen's soul could look out from a height at any time. The wise emperor wanted to express his admiration and nostalgia for his wife in this way.
With his virtuous character and selfless behavior, the eldest grandson not only won the admiration of Emperor Taizong and insiders inside and outside the palace, but also set a good example for future generations. When Emperor Gaozong arrived, she was honored as "the Holy Queen of Emperor Wen Deshun"
Princess Wencheng (? -680), the daughter of Li Shimin imperial clan of Emperor Taizong. Han nationality. She is smart and beautiful. Influenced by her family, she studied culture, was polite and believed in Buddhism.
Songtsan Gampo is a hero in Tibetan history, rising in Yalong River Valley (now Yarlung Zangbo River) in the middle reaches of Tibetan River. He unified Tibetan areas, became Zanpu (meaning "monarch") of Tibetans, and established the Tubo Dynasty. In the 14th year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (640), Lu Dongzan, a minister, was sent to Chang 'an to donate 5,200 yuan to treat the treasures, so he proposed to the Tang Dynasty. Emperor Taizong promised to marry Princess Wencheng.
In the 15th year (64 1), Princess Wencheng left Chang 'an for Tubo, accompanied by Li Daozong, cousin of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty who sent Wang Tai, and Lu Dongzan, special envoy of Tubo. Songzan Gambu personally greeted him in Baihai (now maduo county, Qinghai Province), paid an audience with Daozong, and paid his son-in-law a gift. Then she returned to Luoyang (now Lhasa) with Princess Wencheng. Princess Wencheng has lived in Tubo for nearly 40 years and has always been respected.
According to books such as The Hereditary Mirror of Tubo Dynasty, when Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, the team was very large, and the dowry of Emperor Taizong was very rich. There are "siddhattha gotama, treasures, jade bookcases, 360 volumes of classics and various jade ornaments". He also presented all kinds of cooking foods, brocade quilts with various patterns, 300 divination classics, 60 books on distinguishing good from evil, architecture and technology, 65,438+000 therapeutic prescriptions, 4 medical works, 5 diagnostic methods and 6 medical instruments. It also carries all kinds of grains and turnip seeds.
In the first year of Yonghui (650), Princess Wencheng lived in Tibet after the death of Songzan Gambo. She loves Tibetan compatriots and is deeply loved by the people. She designed and helped build Jokhang Temple and Jokhang Temple. Under her influence, the technologies of milling, weaving, pottery making, paper making and wine making of the Han nationality were spread to Tubo one after another; She brought poems, agricultural books, Buddhist scriptures, historical books, medical books, calendars and other classics, which promoted the economic and cultural development of Tubo and strengthened the friendly relations between the Chinese and Tibetan people. The golden Buddha statue of Sakyamuni she brought is still worshipped by the Tibetan people.
In the first year of Yonglong (680), Princess Wencheng died, and the Tubo Dynasty held a grand funeral for her. The Tang Dynasty sent envoys to pay tribute to Tubo. Up to now, the statues made by Tibetans in memory of her are still preserved in Lhasa, with a history of 1300 years.
There is also Princess Wencheng Temple in Yushu County, Qinghai Province. The statue of Princess Wencheng in the center of the temple sits on the lotus seat of the lion, which is 8 meters high, vivid and finely carved. Incense is constantly burning here all year round, butter lamps are brightly lit day and night, and Tibetan and Chinese people who come to worship are in an endless stream. According to legend, Princess Wencheng stayed here for a long time on her way to Lhasa and was warmly welcomed by local Tibetan leaders and the masses. Deeply moved, she decided to stay and teach local people agriculture and textile technology. Princess Wencheng Temple has been listed as a national cultural relic protection unit.
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In the history of China, there are many examples of princesses or imperial daughters marrying the king of Tibet. During the period of Emperor Taizong, Princess Wencheng married Tubo far away, which was a model of marriage situation. Under her influence, the friendship between the Chinese and Tibetan peoples has developed greatly, so it is not an exaggeration to call Princess Wencheng the most successful female diplomat.
Tubo is now Tibet, and there was no contact with China before the Tang Dynasty. It is said that the Tubo people are descendants of Xianbei, the king of the Southern Liang Dynasty in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, and fled to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in mourning. In order to commemorate the ancestors, it was named "Bald Hair" and later changed to "Tubo" according to its similar pronunciation. Tubo people live a nomadic life, raising yaks, horses, pigs and camels, and some also grow highland barley and buckwheat. In the 7th century AD, he abandoned Zong Nong Zan and succeeded Tubo Zanpa (King of Tubo). People also call him Songzan Gambu. He is a brave and brave leader. He led the army to unify many tribes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and established a powerful kingdom centered on some cities, which is today's Lhasa.
In the twelfth year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan reign, Songzan Gambu led the Tibetan army to attack Songzhou, a major town in the Tang Dynasty, which is now Songpan County, Sichuan Province. Under the rule of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, the country was rich and powerful, and the army was strong. Hou was sent to lead an army to crusade. Defeated Tubo at the gates of Songzhou. Songzan Gambu had to bow down and admire the power of Datang. While he was writing an apology letter, he also proposed to Tang Ting.
After some consideration, Emperor Taizong decided to grant his request, so he chose an imperial daughter who was familiar with the poems and songs in the palace and named her Princess Wencheng. Princess Wencheng was originally the daughter of Li, a distant relative of Emperor Taizong. She is dignified and plump, and has read many poems since she was a child. Although she had doubts about the distant Tubo, she was full of novel yearning and agreed. After more than two months' preparation, in the dead of winter in the fifteenth year of Zhenguan, Li Daozong, the minister of Wangli Department of Jiangxia County, led a large-scale farewell party to escort Princess Wencheng to Tubo and Qinqin.
The reason why we set out in the dead of winter is that it takes more than a month to get from Chang 'an to Tibet via Longnan and Qinghai, and there are several fast-flowing rivers along the way. In the dead of winter, the river is gentle, which is convenient for the farewell party. This team not only carries a generous dowry, but also a large number of books, musical instruments, silk and grain. In addition to Princess Wencheng's maid-in-waiting, there are a group of people, musicians and agricultural technicians, almost like a "cultural visiting group" and an "agricultural team". What are these people doing? Because Tubo defeated Tuyuhun at that time, Yiran became a powerful country in southwest China. Emperor Taizong was far-sighted and thought that only by strengthening the netting of Tubo could the stability of the southwest frontier of Datang be guaranteed, so he tried every means to help them economically and culturally, so that Tubo could appreciate and follow Datang imperceptibly. In fact, Princess Wencheng shoulders the political task of harmonious diplomacy and marrying away from home, and this farewell team is also to help her accomplish this mission.
After more than a month's trek, facing the snow and the warm spring in bloom, Princess Wencheng and her party arrived at Heyuan, the birthplace of the Yellow River. Here, there are lush water plants and flocks of cattle and sheep, which makes people feel relaxed and happy. Princess Wencheng, who was worried about the bad terrain all the way, was relieved at this moment, so the farewell party took a short rest here for a few days.
At this time, Songzan Gambu personally led a team to meet the bride and groom and arrived at Heyuan. When Songzan Gambu and his party saw Li Daozong, the envoy of the Tang Dynasty, they bowed their heads and held a wedding ceremony. He has decided to take Datang as the Tubo Kingdom. Li Daozong invited Princess Wencheng to meet Songzan Gambu. The Tubo king galloping on the plateau, seeing the golden branches and jade leaves of Middle-earth, immediately fell for her. I saw Princess Wencheng dressed in gorgeous costumes, dignified and elegant, completely different from the primitive and simple Tubo woman. The Songzan Ganbu seen by Princess Wencheng is dark and rough. Although it was shaped by the scorching sun and strong wind on the plateau, it is very heroic with his tall and strong figure and heroic spirit revealed in his brow. Princess Wencheng is very happy that she married a good husband.
With dignity and prestige, the procession to send in-laws and weddings poured into the city of Rosome. Under the auspices of Li Daozong, Songzan Gambo and Princess Wencheng held a grand wedding in accordance with the etiquette of the Han nationality. People in Luosuo cities sang and danced to celebrate their Zanpu and his wife. Songzan Gambule said to his subordinates, "My family is my father, and there has never been a precedent of intermarriage in China. Today, I have the honor to marry the princess of the Tang Dynasty. I want to build a gorgeous palace and let the princess leave it to future generations. "
Soon, a beautiful palace was built with gorgeous houses inside. The pavilion is exquisite and elegant, and a rippling pond is dug, and beautiful flowers and trees of various colors are planted. All the organizational systems are modeled after the imperial palace in the Tang Dynasty, which is used to place Princess Wencheng and comfort her homesickness. In order to have more * * * language with Princess Wencheng, Songzan Gambu took off his accustomed leather coat and put on a silk Tang suit sewn by Princess Wencheng herself. He also tried to learn Chinese from Princess Wencheng. An alien couple, with harmonious feelings, love and respect, started their new life.
According to the traditional custom, the Tubo people paint their cheeks with ochre clay every day, saying that it can ward off evil spirits. Although it looks ugly and uncomfortable, because it is a traditional custom, no one raises any objection. Most Tubo people just follow the rules. After Princess Wencheng arrived in Tubo, she carefully understood and pondered this habit, thinking that it was unreasonable, harmful to health and indeed a vulgar habit, so she gently put forward her own views to Songzan Gambu. Songzan Gambu felt that what she said was very reasonable and immediately ordered the abolition of this custom. At first, some nostalgic Tubo people were not used to it, and gradually found it convenient and beautiful to keep their true colors, and everyone was willing to accept it. They even thanked Princess Wencheng for breaking the rules for them.
After life settled down, the Han musicians brought by Princess Wencheng began to perform their duties. They worked very hard to play the most popular music in Tang Palace for Songzan Gambo and Princess Wencheng. The music is soothing and beautiful, so that Songzan Ganbu seems to smell the fairy sound. He was full of praise for musicians and music, and selected a group of boys and girls with smart qualifications to learn from Han musicians, so that Han music gradually spread throughout Tubo and flowed into the hearts of Tubo people.
Later, the scribes also began to work. They helped to sort out the relevant documents of Tubo, recorded the important conversations between Songzan and ministers, and made Tubo politics go out of the primitive and move towards normalization. While Songzan Gambu was delighted, he ordered the ministers and nobles to sincerely worship the scribes as teachers, learn Chinese culture and study the poetry books they brought. Then, a group of aristocratic children traveled thousands of miles to Chang 'an, entered the countries of the Tang Dynasty, studied poetry and books, and brought the Han culture back to Tubo.
Agricultural technicians don't preach anything. They just sow the grain seeds brought from the central plains on the fertile soil of the plateau, and then carefully irrigate, fertilize and weed. In the harvest season, the robust and amazing high yield of crops made the Tubo people stare big eyes. At that time, Tubo people also planted some crops such as highland barley and buckwheat, but due to poor management, they often only planted them, so the yield was extremely low. They have to admire the superb planting techniques of Han agricultural technicians. Inspired by Songzan Gambu and Princess Wencheng, agricultural technicians began to teach agricultural technology to Tubo people in a planned way, so that they could harvest a lot of food while nomadic. Especially after the technology of planting mulberry and raising silkworms was passed on to them, Tubo gradually got homemade silks with soft luster and rich colors, which greatly beautified the life of Tubo people and made them overjoyed. They are all very grateful for the benefits that Princess Wencheng brought to them after she entered Tubo.
Princess Wencheng treated Songzan Gambu with tenderness, which made Tubo Shenshen Wang, who grew up in a wild land, feel the self-restraint and warmth of Han women. He not only cherished Princess Wencheng, but also tried his best to adopt some of her suggestions. With her knowledge and insight, Princess Wencheng carefully observed the Tibetan people's feelings, and then put forward various reasonable suggestions to help her husband govern this vast country with fierce and simple folk customs. Princess Wencheng is not the kind of woman who has a strong desire for power. She participated in governing the country, but never asked Songzan Gambu to give her an official position. She only put forward her own views on the major political decisions of Tubo countries, and did not forcibly interfere. Therefore, Songtsan Gambo and ministers are very satisfied with her, and often ask her about the political system of the Tang Palace as a reference for their administration. The majority of Tubo people regard her as a god.
In the twenty-second year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong sent Wang Shixuan to Tibet, on the one hand, to negotiate relations between the two countries, and on the other hand, to meet Princess Wencheng, who was married by Roy. Wang Xuance led the mission team with a large number of silk cultural relics on the road, passing through Tianzhu, but it was looted by Tianzhu people, except Wang Xuance with a small amount.