Plum blossom is a deciduous tree of Prunus in Rosaceae. It is a rare tree species unique to China with a cultivation history of over 3,000 years. Its flowers are pale pink or white, fragrant and open in winter or early spring. Plum blossoms like sunshine, with warm and humid climate and certain cold tolerance. Fertile soil It can also grow on weak alkaline soil. Plum trees are afraid of water accumulation, so the soil should have good drainage. According to the characteristics of its growing place, plants planted in the lower soil with dense soil such as gravelly clay and gravelly loam have rich branches and large amount of flowers and fruits, while plants planted in loose sandy loam or sandy soil usually have insufficient branches. The cultivation method of bonsai is as follows:

I. Miaoyuan

Plum blossoms are cultivated by grafting layering, or you can directly find wild plum blossoms with graceful posture, or choose plum blossoms with graceful posture as stickers for grafting.

Second, modeling.

1, upstream basin

Generally, it is carried out after the flowers fall in early spring. Choose loose soil with good drainage and water and fertilizer conservation. The pot soil should not be too full, otherwise the ventilation is not good, which is not conducive to the growth and flowering of plum blossoms. The size and style of the basin depends on plum piles, and the basin should not be too big, otherwise it will easily lead to plum piles growing in vain.

2. Modeling

According to the shape of plum blossom pile, it can be made into many shapes, such as straight dry type or inclined dry type, bent dry type, cliff type and so on. The methods of brown silk Pinza, rough binding and rough shearing are mostly used. Cut the branches once after flowering, leave 2-3 buds at the base of the branches, and cut off the remaining branches. Branches should be sparse, not dense. When the new shoots grow to about 10 cm, the branches are thinned.

Step 3 maintain

(1) site

Plum blossom is a positive tree species and should be planted in sunny places. It should be placed in a sunny place in the greenhouse in winter, and the temperature should not be lower than 5℃. From June 5438 to early February, the plum blossom was moved to a greenhouse with a high temperature, and the room temperature was kept between 7℃- 10℃. It can promote its flowering during the Spring Festival. After flowering, it can be extended by moving it to a greenhouse at 5℃. Due to the shallow soil of plum blossom bonsai, if it is not properly managed in summer, it is easy to cause thin branches and leaves of plum blossom, so attention should be paid to the heatstroke prevention of plum blossom in summer.

(2) Water

After plum trees enter the vigorous growth period, they need a lot of water, so they should be watered frequently to keep the soil moist, but they should not accumulate water. May-June is the key period to control flower bud differentiation, and water should be properly controlled to promote flower bud differentiation. In July, normal watering is necessary. If there is no water at this time, it is easy to cause leaves to fall. /kloc-after 0/0, plum trees enter dormancy period, so water should be reduced. After 65438+February, water it once a week, and it can bloom before the Spring Festival.

(3) Fertilization

During the growth of plum trees, dilute liquid fertilizer was applied once every 20 days, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were applied twice in the first ten days of June, 5438+February, and during the flower bud germination.

(4) Plastic surgery

Prune once after plum blossom withers, keep 2-3 buds of branches, and cut off the rest, and always pay attention to cutting off the branches that affect the shape. The design of plum tree modeling should mainly reflect its simple and old posture.

(5) Pest control

Plum blossoms are prone to aphids and red spiders and can be sprayed with pesticides such as dichlorvos. Be careful not to use phosphorus-containing pesticides such as dimethoate, so as not to stimulate plum trees and cause deciduous leaves.