In the eyes of many people, this problem can be said to be an indisputable topic, because many people think that the backward medical technology in ancient times is not enough to support people to complete the difficult operation of craniotomy. Although people always think so, in reality, with the discovery of archaeology, these inferences are gradually denied, because there are many craniotomy operations that people can't explain.

0 1, the time of craniotomy proved by history is far beyond people's imagination. According to records and textual research, the earliest anesthetic invented by China people was Mafengsan made by Hua Tuo, so many people thought that there might be craniotomy during Hua Tuo's period, but according to archaeological findings, there was craniotomy as early as 4,000 years ago. In 1980s, archaeologists excavated a batch of 4000-year-old ancient human skulls in Qinghai, but to our surprise, three of them had grotesque holes.

As for the reasons for the existence of these skulls, the relevant scholars initially speculated that after their death, did people around them eat their bodies or even their brains? Archaeologists are not making this speculation without foundation, because in the 1950s, there were similar phenomena in some tribes in the South Pacific.

02. Speculation is only speculation after all. After investigation, people overturned this speculation. Obviously, guessing is not enough to give the truth, so in the face of these three strange skulls, archaeologists took them back to the laboratory for inspection. The test results showed scientists a fact that they couldn't believe. The examination results show that the holes in the three skulls are probably caused by craniotomy. However, at this time, the problem that troubled scientists came again. Where did such a hard thing come from to open the skull at that time? Is there any way to relieve pain?

Later, with the further excavation of scientific researchers, it was found that jade articles with holes appeared in some funerary objects, and the round holes on them were very regular. On the one hand, it shows that there were objects harder than jade at that time. Therefore, archaeologists speculate that there were probably tools that could satisfy craniotomy at that time. However, there is still no answer to how people stop the pain.

Not only in Qinghai, but also in our land, too many similar cases have been found. Cases of human skull perforation have been found in Anyang, Henan Province and Heilongjiang Province, which once again provides strong proof for the existence of craniotomy in ancient times more than 4,000 years ago. This phenomenon exists not only in China, but also in the international community. In Britain, a drilled skull dating back about 5000 years was found. Although people have not completely solved the mystery, I believe that with the development of science, these mysteries will appear in front of the world one day.