Unsightly leaves should refer to leaves that are unsightly in a specific place, such as plant leaves after being damaged by diseases and insect pests.

The symptoms of psychological diseases of flowers are sometimes difficult to distinguish from some infectious diseases, especially viral diseases. The main symptoms of common psychological diseases are:

The first is discoloration of leaves. The leaves become lighter in color, or turn yellow or white, or develop red, yellow or purple spots. If some nutrients are insufficient, it is easy to cause discoloration of plant leaves. For example, when plants are deficient in iron, new leaves will turn yellow; deficiencies in manganese will cause the mesophyll to yellow and form small yellow spots; deficiencies in phosphorus and potassium will also cause the leaves to become chlorotic, dry and shrink.

The second is necrosis. Dead spots occur when local necrosis occurs on the plant. For example, the most common symptoms of cold damage to flower plants are discoloration, necrosis and freckles on the surface; lack of the nutrient boron will cause the base of the young leaves to rot and necrosis.

The third is fallen leaves, fallen flowers and fallen fruits. For example, drastic changes in temperature and lighting intensity will cause leaf fall; a lack of nutrient element phosphorus will cause early leaf fall; a lack of phosphorus will also cause flower and bud drop; after the flower buds have differentiated, improper watering, The soil is suddenly dry and wet, which can also easily cause bud and flower drop.

The fourth is dwarfing, leggy, small leaves or small fruits. For example, if there is a lack of the nutrient element magnesium, the plants will become dwarfed; if there is a lack of the nutrient element sulfur, the plants will become short and small, and the leaves will become slender; if there is a lack of the nutrient element nitrogen, the leaves will become smaller, but too much nitrogen will cause Leggy growth of plants; insufficient lighting will also cause leggy growth of plants.

The fifth is wilting. For example, if the plant is not watered enough, it will wilt. On the contrary, if the pot soil accumulates water, the plant root system will be hypoxic, which will affect the respiration and water absorption of the root system, and the plant will wilt. What is the reason why flowers fail to bloom or buds fall off, and flowers fall off frequently?

The possible reasons for flowers not blooming or falling buds or falling flowers are as follows:

First, improper water and fertilizer: During the growth period of flowers, if there is excessive water and fertilizer, especially nitrogen fertilizer, Too much will cause the branches and leaves to grow too much. Nutrients are mostly used for the growth of stems, leaves and roots, thus affecting the differentiation and formation of flower buds, resulting in no or very few flowers. Even if flowers can bloom, the flowers and buds will easily fall off. Spreading too thickly during the bud-pregnancy period, or watering too much or too little, can easily lead to falling flowers and buds.

Second, improper lighting or temperature: Because flowers have different origins, they have different living habits and habits. Some like light, some prefer semi-shade; some like warmth, and some like coolness. . If the required lighting or temperature are not met, it will easily cause the flowers to fall and buds to drop.

Third, the soil contains high salt-alkali content: most flowers like slightly acidic or neutral soil and are afraid of salt-alkali. Even flowers that are more tolerant to salt-alkali, such as geraniums, crescent moons, etc., will affect their growth and flowering when the soil salt content exceeds 0.1% and the pH exceeds 7.5.

Fourth, not pruned for a long time: If some flowers and trees are not pruned for a long time, it will not only affect their beauty, but also have many unnecessary branches, which consume a lot of nutrients and affect the formation of flower buds, resulting in Plants have few or no flowers.

5. The room temperature is too high in winter: Most flowers are dormant or semi-dormant in winter, and the appropriate room temperature is about 5 degrees Celsius. Even for some flowers that like warmth, such as Milan, the room temperature should generally not exceed 12 degrees Celsius. If the room temperature is too high, it will prevent the plants from fully dormant or prematurely bud and grow leaves, consuming a lot of nutrients. The next year's growth will be weak, there will be no flowers or the flowers will be small and easy to wither.

Sixth, attacks by diseases and insect pests: If the plant is attacked by diseases and insect pests, its growth will be damaged, affecting nutrient accumulation, which is also a reason for flower and bud drop. In addition, if the flowers or buds are directly damaged by diseases and insect pests, it is easy to cause the flowers to drop and drop the buds.

How to tell which nutrients flowers lack from their appearance and how to make your own organic fertilizer

For flowers to grow well, they must have enough nutrients to ensure that they are sufficient. Generally, if a certain nutrient element is insufficient during the growth and development of flowers, this nutritional deficiency will appear on the plants, that is, certain symptoms will appear on the plants. If you can master the diagnosis of nutritional deficiencies when growing flowers at home, you can prescribe the right medicine and supplement fertilizers, so that potted flowers can grow healthy and strong again. The following are the symptoms that plants may show when they are deficient in several major nutrients:

First, nitrogen deficiency: plant leaves turn yellow or even dry up, have small leaves, and small plants. The stems are thin and broken, and the flowers are sparse.

Second, phosphorus deficiency: dark green leaves and delayed growth. The interveinal yellowing of the lower leaves is often purple, especially on the petioles, and the leaves fall early. The flowers are small and few, the color is not good, and the fruit is stunted.

Third, potassium deficiency: There are lesions on the lower leaves, and dead parts often appear on the leaf tips and leaf edges. The yellowing part extends from the edge to the middle, then the edge part turns brown and shrinks downward, and finally the lower leaves and old leaves fall off.

Fourth, magnesium deficiency: yellowing of the lower leaves, with dead spots often appearing in the late stage, yellowing appearing between the leaf veins, the leaf veins are still green, and the leaf edges are recurved upward or downward to form wrinkles Shrinkage, dead spots often appear between the leaf veins in one day.

5. Calcium deficiency: The tips and edges of young leaves are rotten, and the tips of young leaves often form hook shapes. The root system dies before the above symptoms appear. Terminal buds usually die.

Sixth, iron deficiency: The disease occurs in new leaves, with yellowing between the veins, but the veins still remain green. Lesions appear infrequently. In severe cases, the leaf margins and leaf tips dry up, sometimes expanding inward to form a larger area, with only the larger leaf veins remaining green.

Seventh, manganese deficiency: The disease occurs in new leaves. The lesions usually appear and are distributed on the entire leaf surface. The very fine leaf veins remain green and form a fine mesh. Flowers are small and poorly colored.

What are the commonly used organic fertilizers for potted flowers? How to make your own organic fertilizer for growing flowers?

Organic fertilizer is very beneficial to the growth and development of flowers and trees. In addition to being decomposed by microorganisms and releasing nutrients that can be absorbed by the roots, organic fertilizer can also improve the structure of the soil and increase the water and fertilizer retention and permeability of the soil. function. There are many types of organic fertilizers, which can usually be divided into two categories: animal-based organic fertilizers and plant-based organic fertilizers. The main types of organic fertilizers are introduced as follows:

First, excrement fertilizer: livestock manure mixed with leftover forage or livestock nutrients. It contains mostly nitrogen, but also a certain amount of phosphorus and potassium.

Second, chicken and duck manure: Chicken, duck manure and other poultry manure are the main source of phosphate fertilizer, which is suitable for all kinds of flowers, especially for fruit flowers.

Third, plant ash: The ash produced by burning dead branches, weeds, etc. contains more potassium and is the main source of potassium fertilizer. Belongs to alkaline fertilizer.

Fourth, peanut bran or peanut cake: contains more nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It is cleaner and hygienic than animal excrement.

5. Bone meal: It is one of the main sources of phosphate fertilizer.

Growing flowers at home, especially in cities, often makes some flower growers feel that they cannot get organic fertilizers. In fact, as long as you pay attention to the Internet in time, you can produce organic fertilizer. For example, vegetable leaves, bean shells, and melon and fruit peels can be placed in a jar and sealed with a lid. After 2 to 3 months of fermentation and decay, they will become good fertilizers. After the spoiled soybeans, peanuts, etc. are cooked, together with fish offal, fish bones, etc., placed in a tank with water to ferment and rot, they can also become high-quality organic fertilizers with high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content. It must be noted that it can only be used after it is cooked. How to make your own potted flower soil

What kind of fertilizer do flowers need to grow?

Flowers, like other plants, require a variety of elements as nutrients during their growth, especially nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The largest amount. Therefore, flowers with beautiful stems and leaves can often apply some nitrogen fertilizer, but the amount should not be too much, otherwise the flowers will easily become elongated and lodging, especially in the case of phosphorus and potassium deficiency. Phosphorus fertilizer can promote root development, enhance the fragrance of flowers, make fruits plump, good quality, high yield, and enhance drought and cold resistance. Therefore, more phosphorus fertilizer should be applied to flowers and fruits. Potassium fertilizer can increase the plant's absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, help to form starch and sugar,

make the stems and leaves strong, the branches solid, less prone to lodging, enhance disease resistance and cold tolerance, and increase the root strength of bulbs and flowers. Growth and development.

How does air affect the growth of flowers?

The air environment is closely related to the growth of flowers and plants. The main factors that have the greatest impact on it are as follows: 1. Oxygen: Generally, oxygen in the air accounts for about 21%. All parts of the flower need to breathe oxygen and exhale carbon anhydride. Respiration is especially strong when seeds germinate and flowers open. Therefore, seeds cannot be soaked in water for a long time, otherwise they will not germinate due to lack of oxygen. Water accumulation or knotting in the soil can also cause hypoxia, making it difficult for the root system to breathe, causing poor growth, and in severe cases, root rot. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently loosen the soil and remove accumulated water to ensure that there is sufficient oxygen in the soil.

2. Carbon anhydride: The content of carbon anhydride in the air is very small, about 0.03%. It is the raw material for photocatalysis. When the carbon anhydride content in the air increases within 10 times, the speed of photocoagulation increases with the increase. growing. But when it is too much, it will inhibit the photocatalytic function.

3. Harmful gases: The air around industrial and mining areas is often polluted, such as sulfur dioxide, chlorine, carbon monoxide, hydrogen fluoride, etc. Even if the content of these gases is extremely small, they are also very harmful to the growth of flowers. The dangers of harmful gases to flowers are divided into three types: acute danger, chronic danger and invisible danger. Acute danger often causes necrotic spots, spots, or flower drop on leaves or flowers in an instant. Chronic danger causes the leaves to become smaller and deformed, and may delay flowering or cause few or small flowers, or even no flowering and fruiting. Invisible danger is also called psychological danger. No external symptoms can be seen, but some psychological activities of plants, such as photocatabolism, respiration and some anabolic and catabolic metabolism, are suppressed or weakened. Do all types of flowers have the same water needs?

Water is an indispensable and important condition for plant growth. Flowers must grow normally under suitable temperature and soil moisture conditions.

More than 80% of the body weight of a living plant is water. Water is one of the important raw materials for green plants to interact with light. All the psychological activities of flowers and plants cannot be carried out without water. However, various flowers have different water requirements. Roughly speaking, they can be divided into five different environments:

1. Aquatic flowers: flowers such as lotus, meridian, water hyacinth must grow in water, and domestic plants can be planted in water tanks or patios. In a small pool.

2. Wet flowers: Alocasia, Guangdong evergreen, parasol, monstera, calla lily, narcissus, etc. Most of their origins are relatively humid, such as in tropical rainforests or by streams or lakes. Medium, requires higher soil temperature and air moisture, and is extremely intolerant to drought. During maintenance, the watering principle of preferring wetness to dryness should be followed.

3. Mesophytic flowers: Most open-field flowers such as hibiscus, jasmine, pomegranate, moongown, cycad, etc. have soil moisture requirements between those of hygrophytic flowers and xerophytic flowers. During maintenance, The soil moisture should be kept at about 60%, with periods of dryness and periods of moisture.

4. Drought-tolerant flowers: including cactus and succulent flowers native to the Gobi and semi-desolate areas. Their pulpy stems can store a large amount of water and can still bloom in arid environments. Can continue to grow. But it cannot resist waterlogging. Too much water supply can easily cause root rot, or even stem rot and death. Therefore, in the cultivation and management of succulent plants such as cactus, echeveria, white epiphyllum, and arrow lotus, the watering principle of preferring dryness to wetness should be followed.

5. Semi-drought-tolerant flowers: These flowers have leathery or waxy leaves, or flowers with a large number of hairs on the leaves. Such as camellia, rhododendron, rubber tree, geranium, etc., as well as some flowers with needle-shaped or flaky branches and leaves, such as asparagus, asparagus, pine, cypress, fir plants, etc. When watering, the watering method should be done thoroughly. in principle.

How to identify potted flowers that are short of water

1. Pot tapping method: tap the pot wall with your fingers to make a crisp sound.

2. Soil pressing method: Press the surface of the potting soil with your fingers to make the potting soil hard.

3. Leaf viewing method: The branches and leaves of potted flowers are wilted and drooping.

4. Indecent soil method: The surface of the pot soil turns white. The above are all symptoms of potted flowers lacking water. To check whether potted flowers are lacking water, it is sometimes not accurate to only use one of the above methods. Two or more methods should be used at the same time. "Three Yis", "Three Taboos" and "Six Precepts" for growing flowers at home

"Three Yis and Three Taboos" for growing flowers at home

Flowers have the functions of beautifying, fragrant and purifying. Environmental efficacy. Keeping a few pots of flowers and plants in the living room can not only decorate the room and appreciate the beauty of flowers, but also effectively purify the indoor air and keep the air fresh and natural, which is beneficial to physical and mental health. However, if you do not pay attention to the various taboos about growing flowers indoors, it will be harmful to your health.

1. "Three things to do" when growing flowers in your home

1. It is advisable to raise flowers that are highly addictive. Certain flowers can absorb toxic gases in a certain liquid concentration in the air, such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen fluoride, formaldehyde, hydrogen chloride, etc. According to research, wintersweet can absorb mercury vapor; pomegranate plants can absorb lead vapor in the air; snapdragons, carnations, morning glories, gladiolus, dianthus, etc. can convert highly toxic sulfur dioxide through oxidation through their leaves. It is a non-toxic or low-toxic sulfate compound; narcissus, purple jasmine, chrysanthemum, saxifrage, etc. can convert nitrogen oxides into proteins in plant cells; spider plants, aloe vera, and Sansevieria can absorb large amounts of indoor formaldehyde and other pollutants. , eliminate and prevent indoor air pollution.

2. It is advisable to raise flowers that can excrete pathogen-killing toxins. The killing bacteria secreted by flowers such as jasmine, clove, honeysuckle, morning glory, etc. can kill certain bacteria in the air, inhibit the occurrence of diphtheria, stones, dysentery pathogens and typhoid bacteria, and keep indoor air clean and hygienic.

3. It is advisable to raise flowers with "complementary" effects. Most flowers mainly perform photocatalytic activities during the day, absorbing carbon anhydride and releasing oxygen. Respiration occurs at night, absorbing oxygen and releasing carbon anhydride. Cacti are just the opposite. They release carbon anhydride during the day and absorb carbon anhydride and release oxygen at night. Keeping flowers with "complementary" functions in the same room can not only make them mutually beneficial, but also balance the indoor oxygen and carbon anhydride content to keep the indoor air fresh.

2. "Three avoidances" for growing flowers in the home

1. Avoid growing flowers that emit strong fragrance and irritating odor. For example, orchids, flowers of a plant, crescent moon, lilies, tuberose, etc. can all emit rich fragrance. A pot in the room will overflow with fragrance, but if too many fragrant flowers are placed indoors and the fragrance is too strong, it will cause nervousness and discomfort, especially if people smell it in the bedroom for a long time. Can cause insomnia. The gases emitted by Christmas flowers and evergreens are harmful to people; if the particles emitted by tulips and geraniums are exposed to them for too long, the skin will become allergic and itchy.

2. Avoid placing too many items. At night, most flowers release carbon anhydride, absorb oxygen, and "compete" with people. At night, most of the rooms are closed, and the air is not well ventilated to the outside world. If there are too many flowers indoors, it will reduce the indoor oxygen concentration at night and affect the quality of deep sleep at night, such as chest tightness and frequent nightmares.

3. Avoid placing toxic flowers indoors. For example, oleander, its stems, leaves and even flowers are poisonous in spring, summer and autumn. The milky white sap it excretes contains a kind of oleandin, which can be poisonous if eaten by mistake; the bulbs of narcissus contain Latin toxin. If a child eats it by mistake, it will cause symptoms such as vomiting. The juice of the leaves and flowers will make the skin red and swollen. If the juice is accidentally eaten, it will kill the autumn water. Excessive exposure to shy grass can easily cause sparse eyelashes and yellowing of the hair. In severe cases, it can cause Hair loss, etc.

Therefore, we must understand relevant scientific knowledge when growing and admiring flowers, so as to bring health and happiness to ourselves and our families.