Debridement and suture is one of the important inventions in the history of surgery in China, which is widely used in open injuries of various parts of the human body. It is recorded in Fifty-two Diseases Prescription that the wound is washed with wine. Ge Hong was the first person in Jin Dynasty to wash the wound with salt water and then apply snake oil ointment before operation. "On the Etiology and Blood Stasis of Golden Ulcer Intestine" states: "Golden Ulcer is heartbroken, and those who see both ends can continue it quickly. First, the needle is like the law, and the intestines are constantly broken, and then the chicken blood is drawn on the occasion, so that the gas is not vented, that is, it is pushed and collected. However, those with sore pain should be tied with raw silk and cut off their blood. " It proved that early intestinal debridement, suture and dressing could be done at that time. This should be the earliest record of intestinal anastomosis in the world.
In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, in addition to thorough debridement and suture, the materials for suture wounds were also improved and improved. The most important invention is to sew the intestine and skin with mulberry thread, which is widely used in clinic and has achieved good results.
Mulberry suture wounds are not only recorded in Etiology, Thousand Golden Formulas, Tips from Outside Taiwan and Good Treatments, but also a more detailed case is introduced in Gushan Chen Bi by Shen Xing, Yu Ming: Wu Zetian lived for three years, and someone secretly told the prince Li Dan (that is, Zong Rui) that he had "potential ulterior motives". Lai Junchen, a notorious brutal official, was ordered to try the case. Lai Junchen is used to Luo Zhi's accusation and extorting confessions by torture. He tortured people around Li Dan and forced them to confess the crime of "rebellion" by the imperial heir. Too often, the workers would rather die than surrender, and said to Lai Junchen, if I don't believe what I said is true, I would rather dig out my heart to prove that this heir is not rebellious, and immediately pull out my sword, cut open my chest, expose my internal organs and bleed everywhere. This made Wu Zetian suddenly realize that she ordered someone to send An Jinzang to the palace for treatment. The doctor reset his five internal organs, sewed the wound with mulberry thread and applied healing medicine. The patient recovered after a night in hospital. Wu Zetian therefore cancelled the investigation of Li Dan.
The so-called mulberry bark line is a fine fiber line made by taking the root bark of mulberry and removing the yellow bark on its surface, leaving a long white soft fiber layer and hammering it. Mulberry thread is not only simple to make, convenient to use and not easy to break, but also has the therapeutic effects of leveling medicine, clearing away heat and toxic materials and promoting wound healing.