Science, art and economy (1) Science: 1. Meet the nature and function requirements of green space: 2. Meet the ecological requirements of plants: 3. There should be reasonable planting density and collocation: 1. To meet the requirements of the nature and function of green space, landscape plants should first start from the nature and main function of green space. Different garden green spaces have different functions.
The main function of street green space is shading. Vacuum, sound insulation, beautification, etc. Therefore, as street trees, we should choose trees that are easy to live, have low requirements for soil, fertilizer and water, are resistant to pruning, have tall and straight crowns, dense leaves, grow rapidly and have strong resistance to stress. At the same time, we should also consider the organization of traffic and the appearance of the city.
A comprehensive park, starting from its multiple functions, should have a square or lawn for collective activities, shaded trees, gorgeous shrubs, dense forests and sparse forests that need quiet rest;
Hospital gardens should pay attention to the health protection and sound insulation of the surrounding environment, and dense forests can be planted around them. And in the yard near the ward and clinic, plant more flowers and trees for rest and viewing.
The main function of factory greening is protection, and the front area and office of the factory should mainly beautify the environment; The rest green space far away from the workshop is mainly for rest.
3. Have a reasonable planting density and collocation. There should be a reasonable planting density on the plane, so that plants have enough nutrition space and growth space, thus forming a relatively stable group structure. Generally, the distance between planting points should be determined according to the crown width of adult trees. In order to achieve the configuration effect in a short time, the density can also be appropriately increased, and some plants can be gradually removed after several years.
In addition, we should also consider the biological characteristics of plants and pay attention to the reasonable collocation of different types of plants, such as light-loving and shade-tolerant, fast-growing and slow-growing, deep-rooted and shallow-rooted, so as to create a beautiful and stable plant landscape on the basis of meeting the ecological conditions of plants.
(2) artistry 1. The overall artistic layout should be coordinated. 2. Consider the changes of scenery in the four seasons. 3. Fully consider the effects of plant shape, color, taste and sound. 4. Pay attention to the changes of plane and elevation as a whole. The overall artistic layout should be coordinated with the garden green space, which not only has practical functions, but also can form different landscapes, giving people visual, auditory and olfactory beauty. Therefore, the arrangement of plants should also conform to the law of artistic beauty, and be reasonably matched to maximize the charm of "beauty" of garden plants.
Different green spaces, scenic spots and buildings have different properties and functions, so the plant configuration should reflect different styles and handle the relationship between buildings, mountains, water and roads.
For example, parks and scenic spots require beautiful seasons. Flowers are like flowers, lively and vivid, tree species should be diverse, temples and historical sites should be colorful and solemn. When configuring tree species, we must pay attention to their size and shade to adapt to the nature and volume of buildings.
2. Considering the changes of scenery in four seasons, we should comprehensively consider the differences of time, environment, plant species and their ecological conditions, so that rich plant colors appear alternately with the changes of seasons. For example, in areas where tourists are concentrated in four seasons, there must be scenery to enjoy in all seasons. The color, fragrance and morphological changes of plants, leaves, flowers and fruits in plant landscape combination are also varied, but it is necessary to make clear the priorities and highlight one aspect from the perspective of function to avoid confusion.
3. Considering the effects of plant shape, color, taste and sound, people have many requirements for enjoying plant scenery, and there are few garden plants in all directions. Therefore, we should give full play to the characteristics of each garden plant. It should be designed according to the characteristics of garden plants themselves.
Bauhinia mainly rewards its spring flowers. Pine trees can form a "pine" sound.
4. Pay attention to the whole, pay attention to the changes of plane and elevation. Garden plant planting design should focus on the whole. Pay attention to the planting density on the plane; In the vertical direction, we should pay attention to the crown line and open up the landscape in the Woods; At the same time, we should pay attention to the landscape level of plants and the ornamental effect from far to near (from a distance, we often look at the overall and large-scale effects; Look carefully at shapes, flowers, fruits, leaves, etc. A tree.
Pay attention to the overall artistic layout vertically, and the ceiling line should also be coordinated. According to the requirements of the local environment in the general layout, different planting forms are adopted. Regular garden plants are planted in pairs, while natural garden green space adopts asymmetric natural planting, which fully shows the natural posture of plant materials. Such as gates, main roads, plastic squares and large buildings, conventional planting is often used, and natural planting is used near natural landscapes, lawns and asymmetric small buildings.
Natural garden green space adopts asymmetric natural planting (3) Economy 1. Make full use of native tree species. 2. Pay attention to economic tree planting.
1. Make full use of native tree species. Each region has unique native tree species. If we can make good use of these rich plant resources, there will be a new breakthrough in plant configuration, which is also to solve the contradiction between the increase of urban garden green space and the rising construction cost. Because native tree species have strong adaptability, seedlings are easy to get, and local characteristics can be highlighted.
2. Pay attention to planting economic tree species, such as persimmon, ginkgo, loquat, bayberry, hickory, Eucommia, etc. , organically combine ornamental and economic benefits.
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