Fire climbs the surface:
Fire-fighting climbing surface and fire-fighting platform are the building facades where fire engines climb close to the high-rise main building, fire engines climb and firefighters enter the high-rise building to rescue trapped people and put out fires.
Fire-fighting climbing surface, also known as fire-fighting climbing surface and fire-fighting platform of high-rise buildings, is the building facade where fire trucks climb close to the main building of high-rise buildings to carry out fire-fighting climbing operations, and firefighters enter the interior of high-rise buildings to rescue trapped people and put out fires. According to the national code for fire protection design of buildings, high-rise buildings must be equipped with fire-fighting climbing surfaces and cannot be used for other purposes.
The setting of fire climbing surface is to meet the needs of fire climbing vehicle operation and ensure timely rescue for residents of high-rise residential buildings. Therefore, the fire climbing surface should be close to the public stairs of residential buildings, and when there are difficulties, the climbing surface should be close to the balcony or main window of each residential building.
High-rise residential buildings should be equipped with fire-proof climbing surfaces, which should meet the following standards:
1? The fire climbing surface of tower residence should not be less than1/4 of the residential perimeter;
2. The fire climbing surface of the unit and corridor residence should not be less than the length of the long side of the residence;
3 The fire climbing surface should be close to the public stairs or balconies and windows of the house;
4 The podium on one side of the fire-fighting climbing surface should have a depth of not more than 4m; (The new version of the fire protection code cancels the height limit of the podium)
5 large area glass curtain wall should not be designed as fire climbing surface.
There must be no tall trees between the climbing surface and the building that hinder climbing.
7. There should be a safety exit in the climbing surface.
Shrub hedge:
Any regular planting form of shrubs or small trees with close plant spacing, single row or double row planting and close combination is called hedge, also called hedge and hedge. Because the selected tree species can be trimmed into various shapes and combined with each other, the ornamental effect and artistic value are improved. In addition, hedges can also block bad viewpoints, isolate and protect, prevent dust and noise, and guide tourists to watch the route. The hedges commonly used in gardens include boxwood, Ligustrum lucidum, Berberis koraiensis, cypress, Platycladus orientalis, hibiscus, Rosa davurica, bamboo and so on.
(1) can be divided by height: the green wall 1.6 meters high can completely block people's sight; The high hedge is between1.2m and1.6m. People can cross it, but they can't cross it. It is mostly used for the protection of green space, the barrier of sight, the separation of space and the background of other scenery. The middle hedge is 0.6 ~1.2m high, which has good protective effect, and is mostly used for the fence of planting area and the construction of foundation planting. The short hedge is less than 0.5 meters, and the pattern of reading glasses, flower beds and lawns.
(2) According to the functional requirements and ornamental requirements, it can be divided into evergreen hedges, flower hedges, fruit hedges, thorn hedges, deciduous hedges, vine hedges and hedges. For example, flower hedges are not only different in color and flowering period, but also different in size, shape and fragrance, forming different scenery and different emotional appeal; As for fruit hedges, apart from their different sizes, shapes and colors, they can also attract different kinds of birds.
(3) According to the function, it can be divided into sound barrier, dust barrier and decorative barrier;
(4) According to ecological habits, it can be divided into evergreen hedgerows, semi-evergreen hedgerows and deciduous hedgerows;
(5) According to pruning and shaping, it can be divided into non-pruning hedge and pruning hedge, that is, natural type and integral type. The former usually only needs a small amount of pruning to adjust the growth potential, while the latter needs regular pruning to maintain the shape and appearance. In the same scenic spot, natural hedges and whole hedges can form completely different landscapes, so we must make good use of them. The basic forms of hedges According to people's different requirements, hedges can be trimmed into different forms. Conventional hedges must be trimmed several times a year. In order to make the bottom of the hedge full of bright and lush branches and leaves, its cross section is often cut into square, rectangular, trapezoidal, dome-shaped, battlements and slopes. The number of pruning varies with the growth and position of tree species.
1. The trapezoidal hedge is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, which is beneficial to the growth and development of lateral branches at the base of the ground and will not die and be sparse due to lack of light.
(2) The rectangular hedge is stiff in shape, the top is prone to snow and compression deformation, and the lower branches are not easy to receive sufficient light, resulting in some dead and sparse.
(3) Dome Hedge This hedge is suitable for use in areas with heavy snowfall, which is convenient for snow to slide down the ground and prevent deformation.
4. Natural hedges Some shrubs or small trees usually grow into this shape if they are densely planted without regular pruning. The crown line is generally horizontal, the width of the outer edge line is unchanged, and the spacing between trees is even, which is arranged in a straight line or geometric curve.
(6) According to the planting mode, it can be divided into single row and double row. In order to achieve immediate results, China gardens generally adopt a zigzag double-row pattern. Some gardeners advocate single row mode on the grounds that single row mode is beneficial to the balanced growth of plants, while double row mode is not only not conducive to balanced growth, but also has high cost and is easy to breed weeds.
reference data
Huichao Decoration Network. Huichao Decoration Network [reference time 2017-12-21]