First, select a container.

The container of potted fruit trees is mainly round, which is beneficial to the uniform stretching of the surrounding roots. At the same time, the container needs water seepage and good air permeability to ensure the oxygen demand for root growth and prevent root rot due to water accumulation in the container.

Among all kinds of containers, the plain pot is the most suitable for planting fruit trees. When using containers made of other materials, in order to overcome the shortcomings of poor air permeability, coarse sand with a thickness of 5 cm can be laid at the bottom of the basin, and a new layer of tiles can be placed along the inner wall, and then trees can be planted by filling the soil.

Second, the management of soil, fertilizer and water.

1, basin soil preparation

Potted soil suitable for fruit tree growth is generally neutral (PH 4.5-7.5), sandy loam or sandy soil rich in humus. During preparation, 4 parts of mature pastoral soil, 2 parts of river sand and 1 part of plant ash are fully and evenly mixed, ground and sieved. The culture soil should be disinfected before use, such as cooking disinfection, baking disinfection or drug disinfection (spraying 1.5% formalin).

2. Fertilizer and water management

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The roots of fruit trees can only absorb nutrients from pots, and the organic fertilizer in pots alone can't meet the needs of fruit trees' growth and development, so we must pay attention to fertilizer and water management during the growth period. Fertilization should be based on organic fertilizer and rational application of chemical fertilizer.

Mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer into a pot; Before germination, apply available nitrogen fertilizer and appropriate amount of phosphorus fertilizer, and water each plant about 1 kg to promote orderly germination and flowering; 0.3% phosphoric acid can be used for topdressing outside the roots at the fruit-setting stage after flowering.

Spraying potassium hydrogen and 0.3% urea once every 15 days, and spraying twice continuously to promote the expansion of young fruits and the growth of new shoots. Topdressing phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 20-30 days before fruit harvesting, applying 40-60 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to each pot, and then

Pouring water can increase fruit size and improve quality. After the fruit is harvested, apply ternary compound fertilizer and water it. Apply decomposed soil miscellaneous fertilizer as base fertilizer before falling leaves of fruit trees in autumn. Watering should be strictly controlled during dormancy, and the soil in the basin should not be too dry.

Step 3 pour the basin

Because the nutrients in the pot soil are absorbed by fruit trees or washed away by frequent watering, it is necessary to pour the pot in time and replace it with new nutrient soil every 2-3 years. After the soil is turned upside down, the old roots with a thickness of 2-3 cm around the pot soil are cut off, the organic fertilizer and nutrient soil are evenly mixed to fill the bottom, then the soil is brought into the pot, the surrounding soil is filled with fertile soil, and water is poured once.

Third, crown control and plastic surgery

1, tree shape Select the tree shape of potted fruit trees. According to the different requirements of fruit tree types and varieties, such as vertical and drooping, imaginative trees can be shaped, such as natural round head, tower, one cliff, two antlers, three cups, weeping willows and dragon curves. Make it not only beneficial to the result, but also have aesthetic effect and improve its ornamental value.

2、

Spray plastic surgery

Use chemical control technology to dwarf trees. In summer, during the vigorous growth period of potted fruit trees, plant growth retardants (such as chlormequat chloride and paclobutrazol) should be sprayed on the leaves for 2-3 times, which can make branches stout, internodes shorter and plants shorter.

Change. In addition, the measures to promote the dwarfing and pruning of flowers mainly include: wiping buds, removing cores, taking branches, bending branches, ring cutting, retracting, renewing and pulling branches. Through the methods of opening branch angle, thinning long branches, dense branches and invalid branches, etc.

Enhance the light and create an ideal tree shape.

Fourth, flower and fruit management.

When the number of flower buds in fruit trees is large, flowers should be thinned during the pregnancy and fruits should be thinned after the physiological fruit drop period; If the number of buds is small, you can leave more flowers. At the same time, artificial pollination is needed.