Pruning method of jujube:
The pruning policy of "promoting first and then controlling, blocking, twisting and pulling" should be strictly implemented in the pruning of dwarf and dense planting of jujube trees.
Before promoting and after controlling: in the early growth stage of jujube (1-2 years), jujube should be promoted as soon as possible to form a crown. Post-control: When the crown is basically formed (3 years later), crown control measures should be taken to control crown expansion and promote its results.
Insertion: Take measures such as retraction and coring to control the growth of crown height, which is generally controlled at about 2-2.5m.. Put it down: when the jujube tree bears fruit, take measures such as short cutting to promote the germination of new branches at the lower part of the jujube tree.
Supporting branches: in the process of shaping young trees, use wooden sticks to support branches with small bottom angle and suitable direction to an ideal angle.
Branch pulling: it means pulling the branches with useful value to a certain angle and orientation with iron wire or rope.
Ring cutting: at the position above the main bud 1 cm, cut the trunk once with scissors to reach the xylem, so as to promote the germination of the main bud and produce new jujube heads.
Binding: Tie the trunk with iron wire above the main bud 1 cm, so that the iron wire penetrates into the phloem and reaches the xylem. Pull out the iron wire in time after the main bud germinates to avoid strangling or breaking the trunk.
Bud wiping: Wipe off the useless buds in the germination or growth period of jujube trees, which can be done several times a year, and it is required to be wiped together with the germination.
Picking: when the jujube head grows to a certain length, pick off the new shoots, and the degree of coring depends on the growth intensity and size of the jujube head. Generally, the growth potential is weak and strong, but the growth potential is strong and the core is light, and the space is large and light, leaving 5 -7 secondary branches, while the space is small and strong, leaving 2 -4 secondary branches.
Qubie: If the angle of the new branch is not ideal, bend it to the required space before it is completely lignified.
Twist tip: a new branch with development space, but its growth direction and angle are not ideal. When it is semi-lignified, twist it from the base by hand and bend the branch to the ideal direction and angle.
Question 2: How to prune jujube trees? Jujube trees generally don't need pruning, unless you don't want it to grow too high, you can go to the top.
Question 3: Do jujube trees need pruning? Jujube trees need pruning.
Pruning of jujube trees of different ages;
Young tree pruning
This period is generally 1- 10 years after planting and 1-5 years after close planting. Young trees should pay attention to the cultivation of backbone branches at all levels. Jujube trees under 3 years old must be fixed, and the fixed branches must be cut 60-80 cm from the ground. The secondary branches with a branch diameter greater than 1cm should be cut off with thick branches. When the secondary branch culture of backbone branches is basically completed, the overgrowth of vegetative growth can be controlled, and its transformation to reproductive growth can be promoted to achieve early results. The main pruning measures are: removing the core of jujube tree head, pulling branches and branching in summer. Short cut, thin branches, long in winter.
Pruning of trees during growth and fruiting period
This period is generally 10-30 years, and the dense planting garden is generally 5-8 years. The crown of this period has been basically completed, and the main task of pruning is to control the excessive growth from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. Especially in dense planting gardens, this period is very important, such as improper pruning management, easy to be closed, and not premature. Pruning measures in this period were mainly picking jujube heads, opening corners, thinning straight branches and over-dense branches, supplemented by jujube ring cutting.
Pruning trees in full fruit period
This period is generally 30-60 years, and the dense planting garden is 8- 15 years. The main function of pruning in this period is to prevent the fruiting parts from moving out too fast and make the fruiting branches renew and rejuvenate, so as to maintain their vigorous vitality and strong fruiting ability. The specific methods are: combining pruning in winter and summer, and combining pruning and thinning, which not only promotes jujube heads, but also maintains good ventilation and light transmission conditions, renews branches, restores tree vigor, and realizes stereo. This operation takes the two main buds at the base of the old fruiting branches as the main methods, retracts and sprouts the jujube heads, cultivates new branches, controls the use of migrating long branches, sparse useless branches and diseases and insect pests, and updates drooping branches by cutting short, so that the old, medium and light fruiting branches can be rationally configured, achieving a three-dimensional effect without obvious years.
Results Update Pruning of Periodic Tree
This period usually occurs in 60- 100. During this period, the growth of jujube trees was obviously weakened, and the ability to draw new jujube heads was obviously reduced. There are many old branches and few new branches, resulting in aging branches. Although some fruits can be produced, the output is decreasing year by year. During this period, the focus of pruning is to update the branch group, and the annual renewal is 1/4- 1/3 of the total. The whole tree is updated once every 3-4 years, and the middle branchlets are updated once, that is, they are cut from the base, and the new branches are cultivated by the newly sprouted jujube heads. The big branch component is regenerated for 2-3 times.
Let these trees be pruned.
Extensive management, no pruning or less pruning of trees, the outstanding problems are: no certain tree shape, unclear main side, disordered branch order, poor light transmission, many large branches, uniaxial extension, no side branches or branches, bare back, closed external parts, poor ventilation and light transmission on the inner chamber side, fruit hanging "ball" appearance, low and unstable yield. The pruning of trees is laissez-faire, emphasizing the shape of trees, pruning with branches, taking care of the present and taking care of the long term. Using a variety of pruning methods can solve the two outstanding problems of disorderly branches and no fruit, and gradually adjust the relationship between growth and fruit.
Question 4: What is the meaning of "one scissors block, two scissors come out" in jujube pruning? How to operate? First, pruning of young jujube trees
The purpose of fixing the stem is to control the height of the first layer of main branches. The fixed dry height of jujube-grain intercropping varieties with weak tree potential is about1.4m; For varieties with strong tree potential, the fixed dry height can be between 1.6~ 1.8 m, and 1.2 m is suitable for pure jujube orchards. After the height of the stem is determined, leave 4-5 sections of plastic tape for cultivating the first layer of main branches, cut off the top, and cut off the secondary branches under the incision. As the saying goes: one scissors block, two scissors out. If you only cut a pair of scissors, it will not be easy to pull out new jujube heads and grow up in the second year. For the secondary branches in the plastic belt, one or two sections should be reserved and cut off before the node position, so that the main branches can be extracted from the reserved secondary branches as much as possible to form the first layer of main branches. If there are no strong secondary branches within the fixed stem height, the fixed stem height can be appropriately increased.
Clean it up After the young trees are fixed, the branches below the plastic belt should be pulled out from bottom to top year by year, but be careful not to do it at once. The annual stem removal should not exceed 1/3 or 1/2 of the whole tree height.
Pay attention to the cultivation of main lateral branches. In the process of pruning, if it is found that the distribution of main branches is uneven, we can choose to leave strong main branches, and adjust their extension direction and opening angle by means of bracing and pulling, and the distribution angle between main branches should be 45 ~ 60. In order to keep the trunk square, you can use scissors to cut the vigorous main branches to stop their growth, or you can use scissors to block the slow-growing main branches and cut them off with two scissors to prolong their growth.
Second, the pruning of jujube trees
Prune the fruit at the beginning. Pruning in this period should be based on the principle of "four leaves and five leaves". "Four-leaf" refers to the jujube head with peripheral branches and backbone branches, which is robust and full, with many secondary branches and jujube stocks, and has strong fruit-bearing ability, so as to achieve the purpose of continuously expanding the crown and increasing production year by year; "Five leaves" means that drooping branches and weak branches, oblique branches and overlapping branches, diseased branches and dead branches, dislocated and clustered branches, rotating branches, crossed branches and combined branches are not left. Truncated jujube tree heads that have not been extended as main branches for more than 3 years and jujube tree heads that have not been extended as main branches should be gradually retracted and updated.
Prune the fruit when it is full. At this stage, the crown has been formed, and pruning should be combined with thinning, introducing light into the room, cultivating inner branches, paying attention to the cultivation and renewal of fruiting branches, prolonging the fruiting life, utilizing and cultivating the flourishing branches in the crown, controlling their vigorous growth, and cultivating good fruiting branches to achieve the goal of permanent fruiting. Attention should be paid when pruning: remove the dense and crowded branches in the crown to ensure ventilation and light transmission in the crown. When there is space in the middle and lower part of the flourishing branch and there is no space in the upper part, the uniaxially growing branch retracts, guiding it to develop in the direction of space; If it is a fruiting branch group, shrink and prune again where there is space. There is no space in the lower part of the branch, but there is space in the upper part, so the ones that have a great influence on the lower part should be thinned out; For strong branches growing on a single axis, they can also be used if the growth direction can be changed. When there is space above and below the strong branches and there are few internal branches, the strong branches growing uniaxially should be cultivated into a branch group. If it is an irregular fruiting branch group, reasonable thinning should be carried out on the basis of the original branch group to take care of the current year's output.
Thirdly, the renewal and pruning of old jujube trees.
1. Update the trunk branch. The degree of renewal depends on the effective jujube stock (that is, the live jujube stock), which is divided into heavy renewal, medium renewal and light renewal. Regeneration: there are 300~500 effective jujube rootstocks on the tree. Two-thirds of the total length of the main branch was sawed off from the rootstock of the original main branch, and new jujube heads were germinated through the hidden buds at the lower part of the main branch, and COVID-19 was re-cultivated. Update: There are 500~ 1000 effective jujube trees on the tree, and the total length of 1/2 backbone branches is removed from the dynamic jujube trees. Photoregeneration: when the effective jujube rootstock on the tree is 1000~l500 ~ 1500, it is slightly retracted and about 1/3 of the total length of the backbone branches is cut off.
Many new jujube heads will grow after regeneration. When it is updated in the second year, the new jujube head with suitable direction and angle should be selected as the extension branch of the backbone branch, and other branches should be properly drained or cut short. Generally, the crown can reach a certain scale in 3~4 years and restore high yield.
2. Adjust and cultivate the backbone branches. After the main branches are retracted, except for the main branches, the rest should be thinned in a planned way, and the proper direction and angle should be reserved as fruiting branches for culture. After 2~3 years, according to the space size, the fruiting branches will be robust and substantial, and with the extension of the backbone branches, lateral branches and lateral branches will appear, so that the fruiting branches will be rationally arranged in the crown and the fruiting life will be prolonged. ......& gt& gt
Question 5: How to prune jujube trees? Hello, jujube trees grow vigorously in the young tree stage, with a large number of new shoots, many secondary branches and a rapidly expanding crown. Trimming should give consideration to both shape and result. Generally, two-thirds of the total branch length is reserved for the extension branch of the main side branch to be cut, and the cut 1 ~ 2 secondary branches are thinned. Dense and dense branches, cross branches, overlapping branches and long branches without growth space control the growth of competitive branches and upright branches. The developing branches with moderate growth and large opening angle should be released slowly, and the branches that are too long or exposed at the back should be retracted moderately to increase the number of fruiting branches and cultivate fruiting branches. For young trees with weak growth, short, sparse and thin branches should be cut off appropriately, and the thicker branches should be kept, and the upright branches should be flattened as supporting branches to promote strong branches.
In the fruiting period, the crown has basically formed, and crown expansion is no longer the main task. The key point of pruning is to maintain a good tree structure, maintain the growth potential of the tree, adjust the relationship between growth and fruiting, and extend the fruiting period. When pruning in winter, according to the growth of branches and the spatial situation of each part of the crown, the density and pruning can be appropriately reduced to maintain stable fruiting parts and growth potential. Generally, one-third to two-thirds of the branches of the current year are cut off from the extended branches at all levels, and the cut 1 ~ 2 secondary branches are thinned. In the closed dense planting garden, after cutting off the extended branches, the secondary branches under the cut will not be thinned out to control the crown size. For weak main branches, lateral branches, perennial auxiliary branches, fruiting branches and drooping branches, the strong branches are retracted and renewed or their angles are raised to restore their growth potential. Pay attention to lowering your head early in the upper part of the crown, just be happy. Open the "skylight" and retract or sparse the branches that are too dense and thick in the upper and outer parts of the crown to improve the light in the crown. The weak jujube rootstocks that have lost the ability to bear fruit in all parts should be thinned or retracted as soon as possible.
During the aging period, the crown gradually shrank, the growth weakened, and a large number of dead branches appeared in the crown. As a result, the parts move outward and the output decreases. The task of pruning is to update the main branches and fruiting branches, enhance the tree potential and promote its "rejuvenation". It is necessary to use the branches with small angle and vigorous growth in the middle and lower parts to change their heads, or retract them in the more upright branches to promote the germination and regeneration of the hidden buds. Make good use of long branches with suitable positions to cultivate backbone branches and fruiting branches. For fruiting branches and fruiting branch groups, robust branches and buds should be selected for pruning based on the principle of "removing the weak and retaining the strong". On the basis of strengthening the management of soil, fertilizer and water, the main lateral branches and large branches can be regenerated at the annual position of 10 ~ 15, and a large number of new branches can sprout in that year. By taking measures such as wiping out buds, coring and winter cutting, a certain yield can be formed in the next year.
Question 6: How to Prune Jujube Trees The pruning of jujube trees can be divided into two stages: winter pruning and summer pruning. In early childhood, plastic surgery is the main task, the skeleton is set up well, and the backbone branches are arranged reasonably, which provides the foundation for a good lighting environment. The tree shape of jujube is mainly evacuation, stratification and happiness.
Jujube trees are insensitive to pruning. Generally, the extended branches should be cut twice, and a knife should be cut at the full bud of the extended branches. The first secondary branch under the cutting bud should be thinned, otherwise it may not play the role of short cutting. The so-called "one scissors block, two scissors out". When the crown is enlarged enough to leave lateral branches, lateral branches should be arranged on the main branches, and lateral branches should be left where there is space. Generally, 2~3 lateral branches are left on each main branch. The pruning of the lateral branches is similar to that of the main branches, and it is also short-cut when the buds are full, and the first secondary branch cut becomes thinner.
Where there is space on the lateral branches, main branches and central trunk, the fruiting branches should be arranged reasonably to achieve the balance between growth and fruiting. Pruning is mainly light pruning. Trees with disordered trees should be updated year by year to avoid excessive pruning at one time, otherwise it will easily lead to excessive growth and destroy the balance between growth and fruit. After the adult tree, it is mainly to distribute the fruiting branches reasonably and make full use of the light, and it is not advisable to prune the backbone branches too much.
Question 7: What are the common pruning methods for jujube trees? The common tree shapes of jujube trees are: small crown sparse layer shape, spindle shape, cylindrical shape and so on. Commonly used pruning methods are: cutting short, shrinking in, draining, pulling, sprouting, girdling, girdling and so on.
Pruning points of winter jujube: sparse branches, too dense branches, weak branches, cross branches, overlapping branches, pests and diseases on the back.
Question 8: Can jujube trees be pruned without trunk in the first year and trunk in the second year?
Question 9: How to prune fruit trees reasonably can control the tree potential, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the crown, adjust the balance between trees, promote the formation of flower buds, increase the fruiting parts, avoid the phenomenon of big and small years, prolong the fruiting life of trees, and achieve the purpose of stability, height and Excellence. However, if it is managed extensively or left unchecked, it will often lead to crowded peripheral branches and bare inner cavities, and some of them will move outward. Reasonable pruning can make the tree compact, the branches evenly distributed and the structure reasonable. At present, the trees commonly used in production include natural round head shape, evacuation layered shape and open heart shape. Pruning apricot trees has different emphases at different ages. 1. Young trees grow vigorously and are easy to form thick branches. The main task of pruning is to reshape and expand the crown, which should not only cultivate a good tree structure, but also consider the early yield. Therefore, pruning should be light rather than heavy, and in summer, bud thinning and core removal are the main methods. The seedlings should be shortened by 60 ~ 80 cm, and the branches that have been smoked should be reserved purposefully. When the branches grow to 80 cm, the temporary branches should be cored at 60 cm to promote short branches and middle branches to form fruiting branches. 2. Apricot trees planted for 2-3 years in the fruiting period will soon blossom and bear fruit and produce yield. The purpose of pruning is to continue the plastic work, expand the crown and cultivate as many fruiting branches as possible. When pruning in winter, the backbone branches at all levels should be cut short when the buds are full, and the upright branches and overlapping branches should be thinned out. Pruning, coring, short cutting and thinning should be continued in summer. As long as the position and direction are suitable, we should pay attention to keep the long branches germinate slowly in the crown, do not cut them off, change the branch potential and form fruiting branches. 3. After pruning, the tree structure is fully formed in the full fruit period, which is the golden period of apricot life. The yield increased year by year, but the branch growth decreased, and the reproductive growth was greater than the vegetative growth. During this period, on the basis of strengthening fertilizer and water management, the internal lighting conditions were improved by pruning, controlling the outward migration of fruiting parts, shortening backbone branches at all levels, renewing and cultivating fruiting branches, and thinning out over-dense upright branches. Keep the tree strong and prolong the full fruit period. 4. With the increase of tree age, the growth of branches decreases relatively, and most branches are planted at the periphery and top. The main task is to renew and rejuvenate the fruiting branches, recover the tree vigor, increase the yield, realize economic benefits and cultivate and produce new branches by weakening and retaining the strength. Pear tree: shaping and pruning. Tree shape: spindle shape, "ya" shape, three main branches scaffolding shape. We should focus on the principles of reducing the tree shape, simplifying the structure, light cutting and lengthening, and pruning in all seasons. On the basis of maintaining the subordinate relationship of branches, young trees should be lightly cut and more small branches should be left to speed up the thickening and early formation of long trees. Results The tree maintained a moderate and stable tree potential, adjusted the light conditions in the crown, and kept the branches younger. Mainly apply the techniques of thinning, slowing, cutting, shrinking, pulling, punching, tying and reversing, and cooperate with various methods to scientifically do a good job in pruning and adjustment.
Question 10: the following aspects should be paid attention to in the second year's winter jujube tree pruning video: 1. Pruning should be done after defoliation. The most suitable pruning time for winter jujube trees is the dormant period from defoliation to spring germination. During this period, the physiological activity of Dongzao tree is slow, and most of the nutrients in the tree have returned to the roots. At this time, the nutrient loss of pruning trees is less. The trimmed wound is not easy to be infected and rotted by microorganisms. Second, avoid pruning in the cold. Pruning should not be carried out in cold winter. Pruning when the temperature is too low will freeze the juice of the wound and affect the recovery and growth of trees. The cracks in the old bark of jujube trees are wintering places for jujube armyworms, jujube heartworms and harmful fungi. Red (cork layer) should not be exposed to rl (cambium) when the old bark of the main T: and the base of the main branch is scraped off with a sickle in winter. Scraped bark should be burned centrally to eliminate overwintering pests and germs. After scraping the bark, use lime, salt and water (the ratio is L: 0.8: 65433). Jujube trees are the main branches, such as the central trunk and the main lateral branches, when they keep their shape. All branches should be cut short. Every day, new branches with good quality will be sent under the cut to ensure that the branches continue to extend and the crown of the tree continues to expand. At the same time, the number of branches will also increase. Jujube trees are insensitive to pruning. After the extended branches are cut off, the first "Nong Wa Chu} 2005+438 L-" will be cut off. Instead, you have to cut two scissors, that is, cut them short at the branches of a specified length first. Then leave a short pile of 0.5- 1 cm for the first cut secondary branch and cut it off. Only in this way can the main bud (axillary bud) at the branch planting place grow strong and developed branches like the terminal bud. That is to say, the jujube head branch continues to extend in the direction of the original branch, and sometimes even branches are carved above the main bud to increase * * *. This is a principle that jujube trees should follow when truncating trunk branches and lengthening branches. Fifth, reasonable pruning. Adjust the roof. Jujube trees are fond of light, and the trees are full of branches and leaves, which is easy to cause less fruits and poor quality. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the crown by pruning, and the following points should be done when pruning: ① Prune the branches with low J, and sparse the cross branches, dense branches, heavy branches and weak branches to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. For long branches, the size of J space can be determined and the length of pruning can be determined. For long branches with large space and good cultivation prospects, they can be cultivated into branches (branches, pests and diseases, can be sawed off. The incision should be leveled and coated with ready mixed paint to avoid further cracking. ③ For the main branch of 1 ~ 2 years old, if there are two bone branches =r, it can be pruned according to the space size, leaving 4~6 secondary branches. When they are cultivated into robust fruiting branches, the aged branches should be renewed and updated. The thousand branches of aged bone should contract by L/3 ~ 1/2 at the same time. The diameter of the incision in the retraction part should not exceed 5 cm. It is necessary to leave upward dormant buds or fruiting mother branches under the incision. As a result of aging, the branching group should be fully retracted and thinned, and the more complete branching group can shrink 1/2- 1/3, which promotes new branching.