Planting method of angelica sinensis
Angelica sinensis grows well in the natural environment with high air humidity at altitude 1500-3000m. Sandy loam or humus loam with slightly acidic to neutral soil, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage is preferred. Avoid continuous cropping.
1. Land selection and preparation
Choose a half-cloudy and half-sunny slope. Sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile and loose soil, good drainage and high humus content is suitable.
Dig the soil to a depth of 20-25 cm, apply 30-60 kg compound fertilizer and rake it flat. Generally, the frame is made according to 1m, with a width of 30cm and a height of about 25cm. Drainage ditches are arranged around the boundary to facilitate drainage. Wheat, hemp, flax, rape, etc. It is the best crop, but potatoes and beans are not suitable.
2. Sowing and raising seedlings
Seedlings are sown from early June to late June. Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water at 30℃ for 24 hours. After the seeds are taken out and dried, cover them tightly and cover them with weeds. The sowing amount per mu is 4~5 kg. The seedlings will emerge about half a month after sowing. At this time, the grass will be covered and loosened to prevent the seedlings from being injured when the grass is uncovered. Remove the mulch grass in early August. If there is grass, remove it, keep the field free of weeds, combine weeding with planting, remove the weak and keep the strong, and the plant spacing is about 1cm.
3. Transplanting and planting
Selection of seedlings: Generally, small seedlings with a diameter of 2-5mm, uniform and robust growth, no disease or injury, few branches and smooth skin are selected for standby, and large seedlings with a diameter of less than 2mm and greater than 6mm should be used with caution as far as possible.
Seedling treatment Before planting, 250g of 40% methyl isocarbophos and 40% carbendazim were mixed with10-15kg of water to make liquid medicine. Seedlings dipped in pesticides and transplanted into the field after about 10 hour can prevent and control pests and diseases.
Timely transplanting angelica can be divided into winter seeds and spring seeds. It should be planted before freezing in beginning of autumn in winter, and during the vernal equinox to Grain Rain around Tomb-Sweeping Day in spring.
4. TianTuan management
temperature
Angelica sinensis has strict requirements on temperature and is suitable for extremely cold climate conditions. At that time, under the condition of suitable water content, the germination time of seeds was shortened with the increase of temperature, and the average temperature was 12- 14, 15-20 days. When the average temperature is 20-24℃, the emergence time is 7- 15 days. When the average temperature is above 14, the aboveground and underground parts grow rapidly. When the average temperature in August is above 16, the growth rate slows down. After September, the temperature dropped below 13, and the above parts began to age, while the roots grew rapidly. This is the main period for the growth of medicinal materials.
moisture
The drought resistance and waterlogging tolerance of Angelica sinensis are very poor, which shows that the requirements for water conditions are strict, and the soil water content of about 25{BF} is the most suitable for Angelica sinensis to grow. Therefore, abundant rainfall is one of the conditions for high yield of Angelica sinensis. When the soil moisture content exceeds 40{bf}, waterlogging will occur, and Angelica sinensis is prone to root rot. When the soil water content is lower than 13{bf}, there is a danger of drought and water needs to be replenished. Therefore, timely irrigation and drainage was one of the main means to obtain high yield at that time.
Fertilize soil or land
Don't apply too much nitrogen fertilizer at the seedling stage of topdressing, so as not to grow too fast and bolting too early. In the middle and late growth period, 2000 kg of human and animal manure, fireclay ash or compost can be appropriately added per mu. When conditions permit, cake fertilizer, superphosphate and manure can be piled together and then applied in furrows between rows.
Brown spot brown spot disease is also a semi-learned fungus, which is easy to occur under high temperature and high humidity conditions. On Angelica sinensis, it mainly harms plant leaves, generally in May and July-August. At the initial stage of the disease, 65{BF} zineb 600 times solution or 1: 1: 120 bordeaux solution can be sprayed in the ward for prevention and treatment.
6. Harvest and processing
The transplanted Angelica sinensis should be dug in late June at 5438+ 10, and the autumn direct seeding should be dug in the second year of plant yellowing. Three days before digging, cut off the stems and leaves on the ground, leaving short stubble of about 3cm to promote root maturity, and dig them line by line to avoid digging roots or omissions.
The primary processing of Angelica sinensis is an important process in the production of Angelica sinensis. Traditionally, fresh Angelica sinensis has to undergo careful drying, sorting, shaping, binding, smoking and trimming before it can become a commercial medicinal material with good quality and beautiful appearance. After the roots are dried in the sun and softened, the remaining stems and leaves are removed, tied into small bundles according to the size of the roots, put in a smoking shed, smoked with beanstalk and other things, colored until the skin of Angelica sinensis is slightly yellow, and then smoked slowly with slow fire. After drying, wipe off the mud and sand hairs and trim the fine roots.