1, choose the right material. Podocarpus, Pinus pentaphylla, Pinus thunbergii, Vitex negundo, Zizyphus jujuba, Bromus, Lycium barbarum, Bougainvillea, Murraya, Xunzi, Buxus microphylla and liana are all suitable for cliff trunk. There are two ways to choose: one is to choose 2-3-year-old seedlings with developed roots and vigorous branches at the base of the trunk; Second, when selecting semi-finished cliff materials, it is best to have obvious trunk extension branches and two diagonally opposite side branches. When the first lateral branch is 8- 10cm away from the trunk base, it can be a big cliff, and when the first lateral branch is about 5cm away from the trunk base, it can be a small cliff. Check whether the growth is vigorous and whether the root type is suitable for rooting.

2. The blank-raising method of small rock painting bonsai. If you don't mention the roots, you can make a small bonsai directly on the pot. For example, the author made two Xunzi cliffs yesterday, and three old roots in the root system have grown up, and the small pot can also hold up the roots; However, you can't cook directly without a good taproot. You should plant it obliquely or horizontally with a large flowerpot, make the curved part of the cliff-hanging branches, and then go to the pot after the roots are lifted to show the initial effect. The curvature formed by oblique planting and horizontal planting is natural, and the artificial trace is light.

3. Small cliff bonsai should have the function of raising roots. To make a small cliff bonsai, the trunk sticks out of the flowerpot, and the drooping branches are only a part of the form, mainly to raise roots. The cliff without roots is only a semi-finished product. There are many options for raising or dragging roots: first, shallow planting and high enclosure, also known as interplanting and box planting. Surround the root system with layered wooden cases, transparent plastic barrels and sacks, fill in river sand to cultivate the main roots, and wash with water to gradually remove the sand, which can form the effect of root lifting in about 1-3 years; The second is to plant it in barrels after packaging. You can tie the roots together with wooden boards, chopsticks and other items, and insert a cone in the middle of the roots under the trunk to form an octagonal root. You can also tie all the roots together vertically, hang the pulp and put it in a deep tank to cultivate the roots. However, it should be noted that before sand irrigation, very fine river sand and soil should be mixed to fill the inside of the root system, and then sand irrigation should be carried out, otherwise the inside of the root system will not contact sand, resulting in empty roots. It should be noted that when lifting roots, do not hang branches. Rooting should be carried out first, and then vertical branching operation should be carried out after the completion of rooting, and the two cannot be carried out at the same time.

4. How to set vertical branches in miniature cliff style? In cliff bonsai, there are many modeling methods, such as large, small, high, low, smooth, reverse cliff and so on; There are also full cliffs, half cliffs and whirling cliffs. The large and small cliffs in the bonsai world are basically similar to the high and low cliffs, but the individual details are different. We can make small cliffs, or we can make big cliffs. The trunk goes up first and then down, and this "down" will drop sharply, and the "down" part is the beginning of hanging branches.