Judging from the symptoms you described, it may be mite (demodex or sarcoidosis) infection. Demodex dogs are not very itchy, with dandruff and depilation; Dogs with sarcoidosis are very itchy with scabs and yellow dandruff. Provide you with the following identification and treatment information:
First, the species of mites that dogs are prone to infection:
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1.？ Demodex
Symptoms can be divided into two types:
(1) Scaly type: Hair loss and alopecia mainly occur in eyelids and their surroundings, forehead, lips, lower part of neck, elbows and toes, with obvious boundaries, accompanied by mild flushing and chaff-like skin, which becomes rough and cracked, and some people have small boils. The skin turns gray, but the affected area is not itchy.
(2) Pustular type: After being infected with demodex, small red papules first appeared in the lower abdomen of the inner thigh. After a few days, it became a small abscess. In severe cases, a large area of small red and white protrusions appeared on the inner side of the lower thigh, which had a special odor. At this time, the dog showed anxiety and itched all over. When demodex is parasitic in a large number, it can lead to systemic skin infection, hair loss, pustule rupture and ulceration, secondary bacterial infection and systemic symptoms. Pets with serious diseases can lead to death.
2.？ Carcinomatosis
Generally, the symptoms of puppies are more serious, which first occur in the nose, cheeks, ears and armpits, and then spread to the whole body. At first, the skin turned red and a small red sore appeared. It turned into a blister. After the bubble burst, a thick yellow oily exudate flowed out, and the exudate dried to form scales. The affected part is itchy, and the sick dog often scratches the affected part with its paws or rubs on the ground and various objects, thus causing serious hair loss.
3.？ Early mite
Parasitic on the external ear of dogs, it is highly contagious, causing a large amount of ear fat secretion and lymph overflow, and often secondary suppuration. If there is itching, pets will scratch their ears with their claws from time to time. In addition, they will also show symptoms such as shaking their heads, scratching their ears and singing, rubbing their ears with utensils and even causing bleeding in the external auditory canal. Brown-black secretion and epidermal hyperplasia appeared in the ear canal. Pets have obvious pain and tenderness in their ears, refuse to check their ears, and sometimes rotate to the side with heavier lesions. Secondary bacterial infection can cause suppurative otitis externa and otitis media. Deep invasion can cause encephalitis and cranial nerve symptoms.
Second, the identification of similar diseases.
1.？ Demodex disease:
Itching is not obvious, with depilation spots, damaged skin thickening, dandruff or erythema, and pigmentation. Skin tests can detect worms.
2.？ Mycosis:
Hair removal, round or oval hair removal spots, dandruff, redness, papules, scab caused by chronic infection. Wood's lamp or microscope can be used for diagnosis.
3. Eczema:
Blisters began to form, and after the water stain was broken, the affected area was bitten, forming papules and thickening the skin.
4. Allergic dermatitis:
Severe itching, erythema and swelling, some papules, dandruff, depilation and pigmentation. Most of them are seasonal recurrent attacks.
Third, the introduction of mites.
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Mite is a kind of micro pest that is not easy to be seen by naked eyes, and there are many kinds. At present, there are more than 40 species of mites living indoors, among which more than ten species are related to human health. The most common mites are dust mites, acaroid mites, demodex mites and scabies. Acari belongs to Acari, Acari and Arthropoda. They are generally about 0.5 mm in size, some as small as 0.65438 0 mm, and most species are less than 65438 0 mm. Mites and spiders belong to arachnida. Adults have four pairs of feet, a pair of antennae, and no wings and antennae. Their bodies are not divided into three parts: chest and abdomen, but merged into one sac, which is different from insects. Insects are divided into jaws and bodies. Jaws consist of mouthparts and jaw bases, and bodies are divided into feet and end bodies. There are many hairs on the body and feet, and some hairs are very long. There are mouthparts at the front end, and the eating habits are diverse.
Fourth, routine inspection and testing
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Mainly used for skin examination:
1. Scrape the skin with a blade, drip glycerin, observe under a microscope, check out the worm and make a diagnosis.
2. The scraping position slightly deviates from the lesion side at the junction of lesion and normal skin.
3. It is best to scrape a little blood when scraping the skin, and disinfect it with iodine after scraping.
? Five, mite prescription
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Sixth, the treatment method?
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1.？ clear
First, clean the affected area, cut off the hair around the affected area, take a bath with anti-seborrheic shampoo to remove dirt and scabs, and clean the affected area with warm soap.
2.？ Debridement
Sterile cotton swab dipped in iodophor for disinfection and debridement of the affected area. Disinfection and debridement are required for each dressing change.
Use drugs
(1) According to the illness, acaricide can be used. For example, the price of mirex for external use is 10~20 yuan. Dip a cotton swab into the liquid medicine and apply it evenly to the affected area. Wear plastic gloves and gently rub the liquid medicine to make it fully and evenly penetrate.
(2) Antibiotics can be injected or taken orally, such as cephalosporins. The oral dose is 65438+ 0/4 of the human dose.
(3) Oral antipruritic agent. Usually 3~4 weeks is a course of treatment. After the symptoms improve, we should insist on treatment to ensure the curative effect.
(4) Vitamin B supplementation
4.？ skill
For the health of dogs, please go to a regular pet hospital, and beware of secret recipes on the Internet and illegal drugs that have not obtained the national batch number.
Please follow the prescription of the pet doctor for the specific treatment method, drug selection and dosage.
Seven. preventive measure
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Skin diseases generally occur when immunity is low, so keep the environment dry and ventilated. For dogs with a medical history, reduce the chances of going to the lawn. In susceptible season, early injection of ivermectin (half of the therapeutic dose) can play a preventive role. Mites can be transmitted to people, so when dogs are infected with skin diseases, owners should be careful not to get too close to dogs.
If your family members frequently have erythema and itching symptoms, please go to the hospital for dermatological examination as soon as possible.
Eight. Experience introduction
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1. acariasis should be treated as soon as possible. The earlier diagnosis and treatment, the better the effect. If you give the dog a special acaricide for pets at the early stage of the disease, it will generally take effect in a few days, so that the dog can suffer less and the owner will spend much less energy.
2. If mites are already serious, we should be prepared for long-term treatment. At first, erythema spread quickly, and then it festered, bled, scabbed and deposited pigment.
Scabies is not an extremely fatal disease, so there is no need to go to a pet hospital for treatment. Instead, you can go there for a diagnosis, and then buy injections and medicine for the dog, so the cost will be greatly saved!
4. Be sure to pay attention to the dog's daily hygiene, keep the kennel clean, don't let the dog come into contact with the sick kind, try to take the dog to the unclean grass as little as possible, especially in the high incidence season of infectious diseases in spring, and do a good job in disinfection and hygiene. According to the doctor in the pet hospital, mites actually exist in every dog, but under appropriate conditions, mites multiply and erupt, which leads to illness in dogs.
Nine, how to eliminate mites?
Many friends have been worried that pets will suffer from skin diseases due to mites. In fact, mites are not terrible, and 70% people will have mites to some extent. And mites are only an inducement to cause lesions when skin resistance is poor, and most people have no symptoms. But dogs are particularly sensitive to mites, so they are more likely to cause skin diseases due to mites.
Prevention first
1.？ traditional Chinese medicine
Usually, rhubarb gallnut lotion can be used for washing and soaking. Main ingredients: Fructus Cnidii, Galla Chinensis, Kochia scoparia, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (very cheap, no side effects). You can also use professional pet disinfectant.
2.？ Western medicine
Sulfur powder, sulfur soap, metronidazole (cheaper, but sulfur powder can inhibit the normal secretion of sebum and make the skin dry and dull, so it is not suitable for frequent use). In fact, most professional products on the market have similar ingredients (it is best not to use this method).
Treatment-oriented
If the condition is serious, patients with wound injury and infection should choose injection and topical medicine for treatment. At present, ivermectin or doramectin are commonly used by veterinarians, both of which are similar drugs, but the latter is a new generation, and the external drug can be Severocandin. Ivermectin should be injected once every three days and Doramectin once a week. Their side effect is that they have the opportunity to affect the quality of fertility, and it is best to give birth once every six months after injection. If mixed infection, you can inject, take orally and apply antibiotics. One thing to be reminded is that many veterinarians still use a drug called "lincomycin" (cheap) when using antibiotics. Lincomycin is almost eliminated, so choose carefully. It is best to choose a new generation of clindamycin, and the effect is better.