Zhao Shi's Translation and Appreciation of the Original Text

Original text:

Zhao Houwei asked Qi Shi.

Anonymous [pre-Qin]

The king of Qi asked Zhao Houwei. Before the book was published, Howie asked the Courier, "Is getting old innocent or evil? People are innocent? The king is innocent, is it evil? " Without saying anything, the messenger said, "After I acceded to the throne, I will ask the age and people first, not the king. Is it humble before respecting? " Wei Hou said, "Otherwise, if you have no age, how can anyone? If you have no people, how can you have a gentleman? Therefore, there are people who demand an end at the expense of this? "

So he continued to ask, "All the Chu Shi ions are there. Are they okay? Even he is a human being, who eats with food and eats without food; Put on those with clothes and those without clothes. It's to help the king raise his people. Why doesn't it work so far? Is Ye Yangzi okay? Because he is a human being, he mourns widows, cares about loneliness, shakes the poor and makes up for loneliness. He is the man who helped the king to rest his people in peace. Why is he still unemployed? Is Gong Bei's daughter's son safe? Never wait until you are old to get married, so you can adopt your parents. Is it because of filial piety that everyone leads the people, and Hu Weiwei has not been brought to court yet? Both of these scholars have careers, and one of them does not go to court. Why did the King of Qi and all the people? Is Yu Zhong still alive? Because he is a man, he is not a minister of the king, but he does not treat his family, and he does not ask the prince. It's useless to draw people out. Why not kill them here? "

Translation and annotation:

translate

The King of Qi sent messengers to meet Zhao. Before the letter was unsealed, Hou Wei asked the messenger, "How was your year?" What about the people? What happened to King Qi? The messenger was very unhappy and said, "I was sent by the King of Qi. Now you don't ask the king of Qi, ask Niancheng and the people first. Don't you put the base in front and the noble in the back? " Wei Hou said, "This is not the case. If there is no harvest, where are the people? If there were no people, where would there be a monarch? So, if you have any questions, can you ask the last section without asking the root? "

Wei asked him again, "There is a man named Qi. Is he safe? This person is a human being, who has food to eat, and who has no food to eat; Give clothes to those who have clothes, and clothes to those who have no clothes. This is the man who helps the monarch to support the people. Why not let him succeed in taking office today? Is Ye Yangzi safe? This man is a man, pitying those who have no wife or husband, caring for those who have no father or son, helping the poor and needy families and subsidizing those who have no food and clothing. This is a man who helps the monarch and supports the people. Why not let him succeed in taking office today? Are Gong Bei's daughters and children safe? She took off her earrings and other decorations and never married to support her parents. This is the person who leads the people to be filial. Why not let her appear in court today? The two Chu Shi didn't make any achievements, and neither of them showed filial piety to the court. How can they rule Qi and be the parents of the people? Is that Yuling's son Zhong still there? This man is a man. He did not submit to the monarch, did not govern his family, and did not want to associate with princes. This is the man who leads the people to do nothing. Why wasn't he killed today?

To annotate ...

1, King Qi: During the Warring States Period, Wang Jian, the son of King Qi Xiang of the State of Qi. Zhao: Zhao Huiwen's wife during the Warring States Period. After King Huiwen died, his son Xiao became king because he was young and was ruled by Wei Hou.

2, hair: unsealed.

3. 18 years old, I'm fine: how was my year? Years old, years old. Also, auxiliary words are meaningless. Nothing, nothing to worry about, or say "nothing".

4. say "yue"

5. Sending special envoys to Wei Hou: sending special envoys to Wei Hou to carry out tasks.

6. if.

7. Chu Shi: A talented and moral recluse. Li Zhong: Chu Shi of Qi. Li zhong, compound surname. Zi, an ancient title of respect for men.

8. Eat (√): Give food to people.

9. clothes (y): give clothes to people.

10, no business: he didn't succeed in industry as an official.

1 1, Ye (shè) Yoko:, Qi,, compound surname.

12, Kun (guān): an old man without a wife.

13, T-shirt: pension. Lonely, old, childless.

14, vibration: through "liberation", liberation.

15, information: breeding.

16: baby girl son in Gong Bei: baby girl son in Gong Bei. Gong Bei, compound surname. Baby is a name.

17, car: pass "withdraw", withdraw. Ring: refers to earrings, armbands and other ornaments. Don: A kind of Yu Pei.

18, the person who leads the people to show filial piety: these are all behaviors that lead the people to show filial piety.

19, no court: no court. In ancient times, the title of lady was called "Mingfu", so that she could enter the DPRK. Why haven't you named the baby maid so that she can appear in front of you?

20, 10,000 children: 10,000 children, or "parents are for the people."

2 1, Yu (wū) Ling Zizhong: Hermit of Qi State. Yuling: Qiyi's name, the ancient city is in the southwest of Changshan County, Shandong Province.

22, cable: seeking.

Appreciate:

This paper shows Zhao's political thought and criticizes Qi's political status quo. Before the Warring States period, people-oriented thought had been gradually excavated. Some thinkers and politicians have realized the role of the people and put forward such ideas as "the people are the masters of God", "the idea of seeking welfare for the people and loyalty to the monarch". This trend of thought continued to develop during the Warring States period. Mencius said that "people are more valuable than kings", and Tian and Yan Gang also thought that "scholars are more valuable than kings". Zhao Houwei proposed, "Without age, how can anyone?" ? If there is no people, how can there be a gentleman? "It is consistent with this people-oriented trend of thought in history." Hou Wei, the angel of the King of Qi, greeted Zhao. Before the letter was opened, Wei Wei kept asking, "What happened to Niancheng?" Are the people happy? Wang Qi Ankang? "She puts the harvest first, because' you know the etiquette when you eat' and' the country is people-oriented, and the people take food as the sky'. Then, she asked about the people and put the monarch and the king of Qi at the bottom, which clearly reflected her people-oriented thought. Harvest makes people happy, and people are happy. The monarch is safe and sound, and his step-by-step reasoning is concise and correct, but it makes the "messenger unhappy." He heckled Zhao's "humble before respecting", and Wei's answer was clear, step by step, and the messenger had nothing to say.

Wei Hou asked again, "Why didn't Li Zhong, a virtuous man who helped the King of Qi to support the people, be appointed and made no achievements?" Why can't Ye Yangzi, who helped the King to make the people thrive, be reused? Why don't babies who drive people to pursue filial piety get knighthood? "These three sages and filial daughters are all sages who helped the King of Qi to govern the country, so they asked questions with the enthusiasm of' nothing'. The implication is to accuse the king of Qi of being fatuous and ignorant. In sharp contrast to her enthusiasm for caring for virtuous and filial daughters, she resents leading the people to do nothing and doing harm to the country. She asked, "What's left? "What is it that has not been killed so far?" Contrast and constant questioning show Zhao's generous and frank personality.

The full text defines the word "person", with Zhao ranking the ambassador's questions at the end, but asking without answering, asking without answering, fully improving the literary talent, citing without sending, making something out of nothing, and forming a unique momentum. The article is titled "Is the harvest good this year? How are the people? How about the King of Qi? " Three questions, "asking three words is like an empty meteorite" (in Jin Shengtan's words), and the pen strength is tense, forming a sharp literary trend and laying the tone of the article. When Qi Shi expressed dissatisfaction with Zhao's question, Zhao did not explain it in general terms as usual. But the answer is contained in the rhetorical question. Further encourage the extraordinary trend of standing on a wall. Zhao's "further questioning" pushed the article to a deeper level. Regarding the three sages of Qi, Wei Hou asked questions by "doing everything", which reflected her clear understanding of the role and value of scholars. For Yu Zhong, he always asks "save", which obviously shows his deep hatred for the hermit "leading the people out of uselessness". The article came to an abrupt end in this straightforward and sharp questioning. However, Shi Wen's mind was full of repeated questions, and he couldn't stop, so he finished writing this article in a hurry. Very memorable!

Looking at the full text, although it is structured by problems, it seems to change frequently. First, interrogative sentences have the changes of general interrogative sentences and rhetorical questions; second, there are the changes of coordinate interrogative sentences and scattered interrogative sentences in sentence arrangement. The use of parallelism questions increases the majestic and unstoppable momentum of the article. In this neat sentence pattern, the article goes back and forth, and the charm rises layer by layer in several groups of questions, wave after wave. In this neat, uneven levels of scattered problems, interspersed with clever and changeable general statements; At the same time, parallelism itself is not unique, and sometimes there are variant sentences. These make the articles neatly staggered, strength and charm coexist, adding a lot of color to the articles.

Expand: Interpretation of Ambassador Zhao Wenqi

The king of Qi asked Zhao Houwei. Before the book was published, Hou Wei asked Courier Daily: Is it ok to be two years old? Are the people safe? Is Wang still safe? The emissary didn't say, Japan: After I acceded to the throne, I don't ask Ji Wenmin first. Is it humble before honorable? Wei Houri: Otherwise. If you are young, why are there people? If you have no people, how can you have a gentleman? What's wrong with asking the last one?

Note: ① Send unsealing. 2 years old: all year round, harvest.

12, explain some words in the following sentences (4 points)

1) The king of Qi asked Zhao Ling _ _.

(2) angels don't say _ _ _

13. Explain the following sentences in modern Chinese (3 points)

If you have no people, how can you have a gentleman?

14, Zhao said that this and the end of the article refer to the sum. (2 points)

15, the following is ____(3 points)

A. Ask Qi Shi before the book is published. She is an affectionate person and has no manners.

Judging from Zhao's words, the emissary didn't say or ask questions. He is a reckless man who can argue.

From the conversation between Zhao and the emissary, we can see that she is a person who values the people and despises the monarch.

D. the article closely follows the problems in the topic and puts an aggressive image of Zhao on the paper.