To sum up, if the lowest outdoor temperature in your place in winter is more than 2 degrees Celsius and less than 10 degrees Celsius, you can transplant osmanthus from the flowerpot to the underground garden for cultivation. Otherwise, osmanthus will move to a sunny place indoors for the winter. If the indoor temperature is lower than 0 degrees Celsius, osmanthus fragrans is vulnerable to freezing injury, so heating equipment should be installed indoors.
Osmanthus fragrans is an evergreen tree of Melilotus in Melilotus. Generally open around the Mid-Autumn Festival, it is one of the representative flowers in autumn.
Pot soil can be made of mountain mud, humus soil and sandy soil in a ratio of 5: 3: 2, or half of humus soil and sandy loam soil.
Osmanthus fragrans should master the principle of "two less and one more", that is, water less before new buds appear, water less in rainy days and water more in dry weather in summer and autumn. It is advisable to keep the basin soil half dry and half wet when watering at ordinary times. Take shelter from the rain in rainy days and drain in time to prevent the water in the basin from rotting roots. Don't water too much in winter, otherwise it will easily cause leaves to fall or even die of waterlogging. Generally, it is "completely watered if you don't do it."
After fertilization and spring germination, apply 1 times of fully decomposed cake fertilizer and water every 10 day to promote its branching. After July, liquid fertilizer, mainly phosphate fertilizer, was applied to promote flower bud differentiation. Insufficient fertilization, especially phosphate fertilizer, will lead to fewer branches, fewer flowers and insufficient fragrance. Before entering the house in winter, you can sprinkle bean cake powder or pour thick fertilizer on the surface of the pot soil for the winter.
Pruning osmanthus fragrans has developed root system and strong germination. Therefore, in order to make Osmanthus fragrans flourish, it is necessary to prune it properly to keep the balance between reproductive growth and vegetative growth. Generally, it is necessary to cut off long branches, weak branches, pests and diseases to facilitate ventilation and nutrient concentration, and promote osmanthus to breed more and fuller flower buds.
Generally, flowers can bloom in the second year after planting. If it is white, the fragrance is not very strong.
Collection and storage of osmanthus fragrans seeds
Osmanthus fragrans seeds are drupes, long oval and angular, which generally mature in April-May. When ripe, the exocarp changes from green to purple-black, and falls off from the tree. Seeds can be picked from trees or on the ground, but they should be picked with autumn, otherwise, the climate in spring is dry, and the seeds are easy to lose water and lose sowing value.
Seed modulation Osmanthus fragrans seeds should be modulated immediately after collection. The exocarp of the ripe fruit is soft, so it can be washed immediately with clear water, washed off the pericarp, removed the empty grains and small seeds floating on the water, removed the impurities, and then dried in the shade indoors. Be careful not to dry in the sun, because there is no waxy layer on the seed coat of osmanthus fragrans, which is easy to dehydrate and dry up, thus losing its physiological activity.
Seed storage osmanthus fragrans seeds have the characteristics of physiological ripening, so they must be properly stored and germinated before sowing and seedling raising. There are generally two ways to store osmanthus seeds: sand storage is covered with wet sand layer by layer; Storing water means putting the seeds in a breathable and non-perishable bag, tying the bag tightly and putting it in cold water, preferably running water. Regularly check whether the seeds are dehydrated or moldy. It is best to hide the seeds in the sand in a cool and ventilated place first, and pile them on the land or sand, not on the concrete floor. The seed bag should not be exposed to water, and it should be kept away from the high-temperature water layer on the water surface in summer to avoid seed germination and heat rot.
Cultivation techniques of potted osmanthus fragrans
Potted osmanthus should be short and strong. Plants with thick trunks and well-proportioned branches and leaves. Potted soil needs loose and fertile sandy loam with good drainage. Too sticky or too loose soil is not suitable for osmanthus growth. Generally, 50% humus soil, 40% garden soil and rice bran ash 10% are mixed.
Osmanthus fragrans shoots in spring and autumn every year, but bamboo shoots are the best. Generally, it germinates in March, new shoots develop in late April, grow into semi-old and strong branches at the end of June, form flower buds at high temperature in August, and bloom at the end of September. The next year, there were flowers on the branches, but the flowers were few and the quality was poor. So it needs pruning once after flowering in autumn. When pruning, according to the growth potential of the plant, the branches that grow too densely should be properly trimmed so that thick branches are evenly left on each side. Too dense branches will affect photosynthesis, lead to physiological disorders and affect the flowering of pregnant buds. At the same time, the long branches that grow in summer and autumn should also be cut off. The second pruning is carried out before the germination of early spring buds, and all dead branches, weak branches and pests and diseases after winter are cut off. If the plant is too high, there are few branches in the lower part, and the plant shape is not beautiful, the top of the trunk can be trimmed to make the lower part germinate adventitious buds and new branches. In addition, it is beneficial to the growth of spring buds and flowers to cut the budding branches frequently and concentrate nutrition during the growth period.
Osmanthus fragrans is not strict with light, but it blooms in a sunny and well-ventilated environment with strong fragrance. Long-term storage in a semi-cool place will lead to fewer flowers and light fragrance. Potted osmanthus fragrans is not cold-resistant, so it should be placed in a sunny place indoors in winter, and generally it can overwinter above 4℃. Poor illumination and low temperature are easy to cause defoliation. In late March of the following year, potted plants can be moved to the outdoor sunny place for maintenance.
Strengthen fertilizer and water management in the growing period. Osmanthus fragrans is potted in a big pot, and it is usually watered once every 4-5 days in spring and autumn. Osmanthus fragrans is humid, especially in the autumn flowering season. Too wet will cause falling flowers. Keep the basin moist at ordinary times. Summer is the peak of plant growth. When the temperature is high, the pot soil is easy to water, so it should be watered enough. Water it once every morning, and you can water it again at night according to the degree of dryness and wetness of the basin soil. In rainy season and summer shower, water should be poured into the side basin in time to avoid root rot.
Osmanthus fragrans likes fertilizer very much When sprouting in spring, 30% cake fertilizer and human excrement and urine should be applied every 7- 10 days to promote germination and branching. After July, apply 30% decomposed chicken and pigeon manure water or fish viscera water, or add 0. 5%- 1% calcium superphosphate is added to the above fertilizer solution to promote the growth of flower buds and produce good flowers. Don't fertilize immediately when the pot soil is too dry, water it until the pot soil is slightly wet, so as not to burn the leaves and make them curl.
Cultivation techniques of osmanthus fragrans
Osmanthus fragrans (also known as Japanese Osmanthus fragrans) blooms in all seasons and smells fragrant in all seasons. Summer and autumn are full of fragrance, and spring and summer are slightly fragrant. Cultivation in four seasons can beautify the environment and can be used as medicine. Its root stew is used to treat toothache and sore throat caused by deficiency fire. Balcony and courtyard can be cultivated. The cultivation techniques are as follows:
1. balcony cultivation.
It is most suitable to choose young plants for balcony cultivation. For seedlings with a height of 30-50 cm, first lay a layer of gravel with a thickness of 4 cm on the flowerpot, then drill a few small holes in the bottom of the flowerpot (convenient for watering), and then put the flowerpot on the gravel. Then, fill the flowerpot with fine soil to cultivate osmanthus seedlings. After planting the seedlings, cover the roots of the seedlings with fine soil with a thickness of 4-5 cm and compact the soil. Finally, pour root water (with clear water) to soak the soil in the flowerpot. When the seedlings survive and show new buds, pry open the soil at the roots and apply 100g fermented oil cake to each plant. After 3 months, each plant should be drenched with100g ammonium bicarbonate once with 500g manure water, and it should be applied less and more later.
2. Garden cultivation.
(1) Digging holes to cultivate seedlings with a height of 50- 100 cm. This nest is 40 cm deep and 50 cm wide. After the nest is made, the soil in the nest is not fine. Then cultivate, and covering that seedling with fine mud with the thickness of 7 7- 10/0cm. Then pat the soil tightly, and finally pour a root of water (with clear water) to soak the soil in the nest.
(2) If the big plant is larger than 100 cm, dig a pit for cultivation. This nest is 60 cm deep and 80 cm wide. After digging the nest, the soil in the nest is not fine, and then cultivate the seedlings. After planting, cover the soil 10- 15 cm. After the soil is compacted, root water is still sprayed (with clear water) to soak the soil in the nest. When the big and small seedlings survive and sprout, apply 1 kg of human and animal manure once per plant. Three months later, each plant was sprayed with1.50g ammonium bicarbonate1-2kg manure water. It is better to be diligent and less in the future.
3. Plastic surgery.
① Osmanthus fragrans cultivated on the balcony should be trimmed and arranged in a spherical shape with beautiful appearance.
② Osmanthus fragrans cultivated in the courtyard should be pruned to add interest and beauty to its umbrella shape.
Characteristics and classification of osmanthus fragrans in August
Scientific name of Osmanthus fragrans in August: Osmanthus fragrans; Oleaceae; Olaiya L.
Morphological characteristics: osmanthus trees are elegant, with green branches and leaves, evergreen seasons and pleasant fragrance. Osmanthus fragrans is an evergreen broad-leaved tree with a height of15m and a crown of 400 square meters. Osmanthus fragrans seedlings have obvious taproots, developed and deep roots. Young roots are yellow-brown, and old roots are yellow-brown. The leaf surface is smooth, leathery, dark green on the paraxial surface and light green on the distal surface.
Usage: Osmanthus fragrans is evergreen all the year round, with lush foliage, blooming in autumn and overflowing fragrance, which can be described as "monopolizing Sanqiu over others". It is widely used in gardens, often used as landscape trees, including single planting, opposite planting and cluster planting. In the classical gardens of China, osmanthus flowers are often matched with buildings, mountains and rivers, and stone machines, and shrubs are planted near pavilions, terraces, buildings and pavilions. Old-style gardens are often planted relatively, which was called "double laurel in the court" or "double laurel leaves fragrance" in ancient times. Planting osmanthus trees around the house or in front of the window can receive the effect of "golden wind to send incense" Osmanthus fragrans is resistant to harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen fluoride, and it is also a good greening flower in industrial and mining areas.
Habit: Osmanthus fragrans adapts to the broad subtropical climate. Sexual preference is warm and humid. The average temperature in the planting area is 14~28℃, the average temperature in July is 24~28℃, the average temperature in June is above 0℃, the minimum temperature is-13℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 15~28℃. Humidity is very important for the growth and development of osmanthus fragrans. If you encounter drought, it will affect flowering, and strong sunlight and shade are not good for its growth. Generally, you need 6-8 hours of light every day.
Osmanthus fragrans varieties: Osmanthus fragrans has formed a variety of cultivated varieties through long-term artificial cultivation, natural hybridization and artificial selection. In recent years, the resources and varieties of Osmanthus fragrans have been extensively investigated in major cities all over the country, the flowering characters have been recorded on the spot, the characters of various Osmanthus fragrans have been analyzed and compared, the relatively stable genetic characters have been selected, and four Osmanthus fragrans varieties have been identified and sorted out by combining the traditional classification methods and the application in garden production.
Osmanthus fragrans variety group: it blooms all year round, and there are varieties such as "laurel", "Osmanthus fragrans" and "Osmanthus fragrans".
Yin Gui variety group: it blooms in autumn, and it is pure white, milky white and yellowish white. There are varieties such as Seed Yin Gui, Jiulong Guigui, Early Yin Gui, Late Yin Gui and Bai Jie.
Jingui Variety Group: It blooms in autumn with lemon yellow to golden yellow flowers, including Dahua Jingui, Dayehuang, Huangchuan Jingui, Late Jingui and Round-leaf Jingui.
Osmanthus fragrans variety group: It blooms in autumn, and its color is dark, orange yellow, orange red to vermilion. There are varieties such as "Dahuadangui", "Yadangui", "Zhusha Dangui" and "Broad Leaf Red". There are some varieties worthy of popularization and application in each variety group, such as Osmanthus fragrans and Phyllostachys macrophylla, which are small shrubs with a height of 0.5-1.5m. "Osmanthus fragrans" has a light yellow flower, and each node of the same branch blooms one after another, and flowers appear almost every day, hence the name. There are a large number of mother plants in Cangxi, Sichuan. "Big-leaf Buddha's Dingzhu" has milky white to pure white flowers, dense inflorescences and unique terminal inflorescences, which bloom continuously from spring to autumn. They have high ornamental value and can be potted indoors or planted outdoors in a large area.
Some sweet-scented osmanthus bears fruit, while others bear no fruit. Drupe usually ripens in April-May of the following year, and it usually takes 5-6 years to blossom when sowing. Cutting branches, grafting and layering used for asexual reproduction can bloom in the same year. The Song Dynasty recorded: "When the moon is full of flowers, the flowers will be damaged, and the moon will be lost. It is important to know that everything in the world is in the clear autumn ",which points out the basic law of its flowering: that is, when the lunar calendar is full in August and May every year, osmanthus will bloom, and after half a month, the flowers will wither and the moon will be lacking.
Osmanthus fragrans likes warmth, strong resistance, high temperature resistance and cold resistance. Therefore, we can spend the winter in the open air in the areas south of Qinling and Huaihe rivers in China. Osmanthus fragrans likes sunshine, but also can resist shade. In full light, it has lush foliage and dense flowers. In the shade, its branches and leaves are sparse and flowers are scarce. If potted indoors in the north, it is especially necessary to pay attention to sufficient light to facilitate growth and flower bud formation. Osmanthus fragrans is relatively humid, and it is forbidden to accumulate water, but it also has certain drought resistance. Osmanthus fragrans is not strict with the soil. Except alkaline soil and low-lying land or soil that is too sticky and poorly drained, it can generally grow, but slightly acidic sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage is the most suitable. Osmanthus fragrans is resistant to chlorine, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and other harmful gases, and has strong dust adsorption ability, so it is often used in cities and industrial and mining areas. After the osmanthus is dried, you can make tea. .
The difference between osmanthus fragrans in August and osmanthus fragrans in four seasons.
Osmanthus fragrans is another name of Oleaceae, namely Osmanthus fragrans, Osmanthus fragrans, Osmanthus fragrans, Osmanthus fragrans, Osmanthus fragrans. Evergreen all the year round, the trees are beautiful and fragrant, which touches people's hearts. It is a rare flower and tree originating in China and a treasure of flowers and trees in our county. Guihualing is named after large-scale planting in history; Buta Town, known as "the hometown of flowers in southern Henan", also has a planting history of hundreds of years, and flower farmers have accumulated very rich planting experience. In recent years, the "Osmanthus fragrans Variety Demonstration Park" has begun to take shape, and Osmanthus fragrans in Huangchuan has been fragrant all over the country.
Osmanthus fragrans is shade-tolerant, and can grow normally in places with insufficient sunshine. It is born in fertile sandy loam with good drainage and has strong adaptability. Tree species that are most suitable for cultivation in subtropical and warm temperate regions grow in various complicated climatic conditions in the north and south of China. You can overwinter in the open air in the south of Huaihe River and plant indoors in the north in winter, but the room temperature should not be too high for fear of oil fume, and it is not suitable for planting in waterlogged land and saline-alkali land. Osmanthus fragrans has strong resistance to chlorine, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and other toxic gases, and can absorb some mercury vapor without being harmed by it. It can be used for greening and beautifying the environment in factories, mining institutions, residential quarters and family houses with less air pollution.
Osmanthus fragrans is an evergreen shrub or tree, with a height of several meters, a round or oval crown, lush branches and leaves, opposite leaves, leathery, dark green and shiny, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, serrated on the whole or upper part, reddish new leaves, lateral veins of leaves 6- 10, inconspicuous network veins, and flowering in September-10.
After long-term introduction and trial planting in our county, there are many osmanthus varieties and cultivated varieties, and the main ones with high economic value are: 1. Sargassum thunbergii Mak: The tree is tall and upright, with a round crown, golden yellow flowers, strong fragrance and high flower output. Flowers bloom in late September, and the flowers are easy to fall off and harvest. 2.Var。 Latifolius Mak: I don't know that Jingui is tall, with yellow and white flowers, rich fragrance and high flower yield. The flowering period is 65438+1early October, slightly later than Jingui. 3. Jingui: The flowers are orange-red, and the fragrance is lighter than Jingui and Yin Gui. Flowering in late September, suitable for indoor viewing. 4.Var.aurantiacs Mak: The plants are clustered, the leaves are light, the lateral veins are many, the flowers are yellow, white and palladium, and the flowering period is long. In addition to the cold place, bloom is full of autumn flowers, which are only for the living room to watch.
Osmanthus fragrans is graceful and promotes bloom in autumn, with rich fragrance. It can be described as "monopolizing Sanqiu, monopolizing orange and yellow". It is mainly composed of buildings and rocks. It is planted in the form of a cluster of shrubs near pavilions. Suitable for scattered planting or clustered planting at the corner of houses, parks or gardens, mostly planted on hillsides or rockeries. There is a traditional habit of planting two osmanthus plants in front of the courtyard in the county town. Planting osmanthus plants in front of the window can be "golden". Planting peony, lotus and camellia in the park around the lake will make the park have four seasons of flower scenery: peony in spring, lotus in summer, cinnamon in Mid-Autumn Festival and camellia in winter. If you plant chrysanthemum, you can form a more beautiful autumn scenery, which is the most traditional variety in the garden and can receive the effect of blooming in season and fragrance in all seasons.
Osmanthus fragrans is named "Murraya" because of its long and rich fragrance. Osmanthus fragrans was used to make wine as early as 2000 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period, and "Osmanthus fragrans wine" is still famous. The scented tea made of osmanthus fragrans is called "osmanthus scented tea". Osmanthus fragrans can also extract aromatic oil or ointment, which is a high-grade and precious natural perfume. Used in the development of various balsams, soaps and foods. Sweet-scented osmanthus is pungent and warm, which can promote fluid production and eliminate phlegm, moisten hair and avoid odor, and has the effects of warming stomach and calming liver, tonifying kidney and dispelling cold. Osmanthus fragrans wood grain is exquisite and beautiful, and it is a good material for carving art like rhinoceros. .
Key points of osmanthus cultivation
Cultivated, osmanthus fragrans likes warm and humid climate, has certain cold resistance, likes light and avoids water accumulation, and is not strict with soil. Generally, the slightly acidic sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage is the most suitable. Its cultivation points are introduced as follows:
According to the growth characteristics of osmanthus fragrans, it is best to plant it in the southeast to receive the maximum light. If it is indoor potted osmanthus, it is best to choose in front of the southeast doors and windows.
Second, the watering method
Potted osmanthus, in late autumn to early spring, when the pot soil is slightly dry or the leaves are a little wilting, water it once and for all. Keep the basin soil from cracking in winter. Generally, the roots are drenched with clear water once every 3 ~ 5 days, each time 2 ~ 3 kilograms, so that the water can quickly penetrate into the basin soil and not accumulate at the mouth of the basin. But spray water evenly on the leaves once a day to keep them moist. In the season when plants grow vigorously in late spring and early autumn, you should water them frequently and water them thoroughly at one time when the leaves are wilting. You can also wait until the surface of the basin soil is white and slightly cracked. When it is hot in summer, water is poured twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening. It should be noted that if there is too much water supply, it will cause falling flowers.
Third, fertilization methods
In order to ensure that osmanthus fragrans can differentiate a large number of flower buds with good quality in winter, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be given priority to. Generally, 25 ~ 30g of cake fertilizer and 65,438+00 ~ 65,438+05g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be applied to the roots for about half a month, and then 2 ~ 3kg of water should be added for spraying.
After spring, branches begin to grow and need fertilization. The compound fertilizer is mainly used, and the application amount is 4g each time. Four small holes are drilled around the basin soil, and the compound fertilizer is evenly put down, then the soil is covered (the position is changed when drilling next time), and fertilization is performed every 7 ~ 10 days, and fertilization is stopped when the temperature drops below 8℃ in autumn night. If organic fertilizer such as cake fertilizer is applied, the dosage is the same as that in winter.
Four, temperature regulation and ventilation
Osmanthus fragrans is afraid of cold and heat. It grows only when the temperature is above 15℃ at night. For the northern region, to make it bloom during the National Day, it is necessary to move indoors before August and autumn, keep the temperature above 15℃, stop fertilization, water less (water after wilting), and then move out for maintenance in mid-September before it can bloom during the National Day.
Ventilation is the natural circulation of air, which increases the air humidity around potted flowers and the content of carbon dioxide around leaves, so that the air with germs around leaves circulates, making potted flowers less susceptible to diseases.
Verb (short for verb) pruning
Before the temperature rises in spring, cut off dead, thin and sick branches to make way for new branches. In the growing period, a small part of redundant new branches are removed, and limited nutrients are concentrated to make flowers flourish. After the flowering period, combine the tree shape, cut off some branches that are too dense, and cut off the branches that are too high.
Osmanthus fragrans likes warm and humid climate, has certain cold resistance, prefers light to water, and is not strict with soil. Generally, the slightly acidic sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage is the most suitable. Its cultivation points are introduced as follows:
According to the growth characteristics of osmanthus fragrans, it is best to plant it in the southeast to receive the maximum light. If it is indoor potted osmanthus, it is best to choose in front of the southeast doors and windows.
Second, the watering method
Potted osmanthus, in late autumn to early spring, when the pot soil is slightly dry or the leaves are a little wilting, water it once and for all. Keep the basin soil from cracking in winter. Generally, the roots are drenched with clear water once every 3 ~ 5 days, each time 2 ~ 3 kilograms, so that the water can quickly penetrate into the basin soil and not accumulate at the mouth of the basin. But spray water evenly on the leaves once a day to keep them moist. In the season when plants grow vigorously in late spring and early autumn, you should water them frequently and water them thoroughly at one time when the leaves are wilting. You can also wait until the surface of the basin soil is white and slightly cracked. When it is hot in summer, water is poured twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening. It should be noted that if there is too much water supply, it will cause falling flowers.
Third, fertilization methods
In order to ensure that osmanthus fragrans can differentiate a large number of flower buds with good quality in winter, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be given priority to. Generally, 25 ~ 30g of cake fertilizer and 65,438+00 ~ 65,438+05g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be applied to the roots for about half a month, and then 2 ~ 3kg of water should be added for spraying.
After spring, branches begin to grow and need fertilization. The compound fertilizer is mainly used, and the application amount is 4g each time. Four small holes are drilled around the basin soil, and the compound fertilizer is evenly put down, then the soil is covered (the position is changed when drilling next time), and fertilization is performed every 7 ~ 10 days, and fertilization is stopped when the temperature drops below 8℃ in autumn night. If organic fertilizer such as cake fertilizer is applied, the dosage is the same as that in winter.
Four, temperature regulation and ventilation
Osmanthus fragrans is afraid of cold and heat. It grows only when the temperature is above 15℃ at night. For the northern region, to make it bloom during the National Day, it is necessary to move indoors before August and autumn, keep the temperature above 15℃, stop fertilization, water less (water after wilting), and then move out for maintenance in mid-September before it can bloom during the National Day.
Ventilation is the natural circulation of air, which increases the air humidity around potted flowers and the content of carbon dioxide around leaves, so that the air with germs around leaves circulates, making potted flowers less susceptible to diseases.
Verb (short for verb) pruning
Before the temperature rises in spring, cut off dead, thin and sick branches to make way for new branches. In the growing period, a small part of redundant new branches are removed, and limited nutrients are concentrated to make flowers flourish. After the flowering period, combine the tree shape, cut off some branches that are too dense, and cut off the branches that are too high.
Osmanthus fragrans is a treasure in Osmanthus fragrans, which is named because of its continuous flowering period and rich aroma. Many branches, short internodes, plump and compact tree shape, smooth leaves, green in all seasons and early flowering. The most peculiar thing is that the two young leaves cut in that year can bloom, with a long flowering period and a fragrance like Jingui. The potted osmanthus fragrans in the north is fragrant, which can make your living environment fresh and beautiful and make people feel happy.
First, colonization. The best planting time of potted osmanthus fragrans is March-April in spring and August-September in autumn. It is best to choose loose and fertile sandy loam soil with good drainage, and add 0.2% ferrous sulfate at the same time. Put some breathable materials at the bottom of the basin, and then put the culture soil into the basin for watering. After planting, cover with plastic film, keep the humidity of the space in the basin, and keep it in the shade for maintenance. After the new leaves germinate, remove the cover and move to a sunny place.
Second, fertilization. Newly planted Osmunda japonica seedlings should not be topdressing. Spraying 0. 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 7- 10 days after the seedlings spread out. The principle of fertilization is to apply thin fertilizer frequently. In spring and autumn, apply thin and decomposed bean cake fertilizer every 10- 15 days, and apply no or less chemical fertilizer in summer and winter. Appropriate plant nutrient solution can be sprayed according to the situation during the growth period.
Third, water. Osmanthus fragrans likes humidity, is afraid of water stains and is not drought-tolerant. In the process of plant growth, watering is based on the principle of seeing dry and wet. When the surface of the basin soil is dry, water it, and always pay attention to keep the basin soil moist. Especially in summer and autumn, the temperature is high and the air is dry. In addition to watering more, water should be sprayed on the surface of the plant frequently to prevent the leaf edge from being burnt. Water accumulated in the basin can cause root injury and root rot, so pay attention to it.
Fourth, pruning. Letting it grow is a taboo for potted Osmunda japonica. Osmanthus fragrans has strong germination ability and is resistant to pruning. Removing the top of the upright main branch can make the new branch grow at the base, expand the crown and strengthen the main branch. For clustered upright main branches, trees can be opened by pulling branches.
In addition, potted osmanthus in winter should also pay attention to heat preservation and cold protection, and in midsummer, it is necessary to prevent the scorching sun from burning tender leaves and buds. Pay attention to bud removal of seedlings, timely prevent and control pests such as red spiders and scale insects, and timely pour pots and replace soil.
Occurrence and control techniques of main diseases of osmanthus fragrans
Osmanthus fragrans, also known as turpentine, is a precious aromatic plant which is a specialty of our country. Xianning, located in the south of Hubei Province, is known as the "hometown of osmanthus". In recent years, the pests and diseases of osmanthus fragrans have increased, and its ornamental value has declined. Common anthrax, leaf spot, rot and so on. Combined with the prevention practice in recent years, the occurrence characteristics and prevention experience are briefly described as follows.
(1) gangrene
It is easy to occur in high temperature and humid environment, and it produces nearly round purple-brown spots on the leaf stems with black spots, which will dry up the leaves when it is seriously harmful.
Spraying zineb 500-600 times in June-July for prevention and control; Pay attention to ventilation and light transmission, and reasonable water and fertilizer. If diseased leaves are found, they should be removed and destroyed in time, and sprayed with 50% 800- 1000 times solution for prevention and control. Or thoroughly remove the litter and weeds in the field in winter.
(2) Leaf spot disease
It is easy to happen in high temperature and humid environment, and irregular black spots appear on the leaves, and black mold grows on them, which leads to the early fall off of the leaves.
Spraying bordeaux solution 140 times for prevention in June-July, and spraying 70% tobrazine solution 800- 1000 times after onset; Rational watering and fertilization; Pay attention to ventilation and light transmission; Remove dead leaves and burn them centrally to reduce the source of infection.
(3) Rot disease
Most of them occur in the roots and neck, and the injured parts are soaked in water. After the lesion gradually expands, the plants become weak and even die. This situation is very serious in summer without rainy season.
Sprinkle a small amount of sulfur powder around the plants in early spring; Fu Mei arsenic kerosene was applied to the seriously ill area.