Baits can be classified as follows. According to the principle of attracting fish, bait can be divided into real bait and fake bait. The so-called real bait is the general name of animal and plant bait that fish can eat, mainly to lure fish by stimulating their appetite. Fake bait, also known as simulated bait or simulated bait, is a small device made of plastic, metal or other materials similar to small fish, shrimp and insects. When fishing, through the operation of the fisherman, it is similar to a natural creature in the water to attract fierce fish to take the bait. According to the nature of bait, it can be divided into plant bait, animal bait and mixed bait. The latter two baits are customarily called fish bait or meat bait. According to the function of bait, it can also be divided into bait and bait. However, this is the past classification method, and now it seems inaccurate. Because the bait itself can lure fish, it can be used as bait; Bait can also be made into bait. Now we are engaged in hand pole competitive fishing or sea pole fishing. Bait and bait have been integrated, which can be lured at the same time or in the process of fishing, so let's call it "comprehensive bait". But a mature bait variety, bait and bait still have a very clear division of labor. In the process of competitive fishing, we have disassembled and analyzed the bait components, and we can still see that there are components in the bait with the main purpose of attracting fish, fishing and improving the state of the bait. For example, in a game, the bait used in the early stage is mainly to lure fish, with many particles and strong fragrance; In the later stage, fishing is the main food, and the bait is mostly light, soft and palatable. These nuances are something that bait manufacturers need to study and competitive anglers need to master. It can be divided into modern bait and traditional bait according to the time of use. Modern bait is a kind of bait produced scientifically and industrially by using modern bait technology. Traditional bait refers to the bait collected and processed by oneself following the past bait use methods and habits. Insect bait such as earthworm and self-made bait are all traditional models from the principle of attracting food to the method of making. Bait is always a very important part in both fishing competitions and fishing at ordinary times. In this technical field, it can be divided into two aspects: bait selection and bait use. What I want to talk about here is the latter. When you determine the type of bait to be used (it can be a single bait or a mixture of multiple baits and additives), it can be regarded as the use of bait from the beginning of bait mixing. It includes the knowledge of soft and hard baits, loose sticky baits, light and heavy baits and large and small baits, and they are closely related. So how should the state of bait change under different circumstances? This will be discussed below. First, the hardness of soft and hard bait mainly depends on the amount of water added. The hardness under normal conditions should be the same as that of earlobe or lips. If it's too good, it's likely that the fish will run away. Because when the bait is too hard, the hook will come out of the food and encounter great resistance when penetrating the fish's mouth, so it may be thin, and the fish will unhook when trying to break free. Another disadvantage of excellent bait is poor atomization effect, which will affect the effect of attracting fish. If the bait is too soft, it will be difficult to throw, and it will lose too much in the process of sinking, so there may be basically no bait on the back hook. Second, the degree of looseness of loose-sticky bait depends on the degree of kneading when stirring. The more friction, the greater the viscosity. The bait is too sticky or too loose, similar to the effect of being too hard or too soft, but the hardness can be adjusted. When the bait is hard, rub it a few times less until it is similar to the normal bait; When the bait is soft, a few rubs can also be used as normal bait. The difference between this adjusted bait and normal bait will be discussed later. At present, all kinds of fishing bait on the market have different requirements for rubbing bait. For example, the most common universal bait must be rubbed more before use. Sometimes in order to increase the viscosity, hot water (boiled water) is used to mix the bait. However, the Japanese Marubeni yellow crucian carp bait (one eye) requires less rubbing or basically no rubbing. The viscosity of other kinds of crucian carp bait can generally be achieved by kneading during bait mixing. If the required viscosity cannot be reached by kneading, in addition to the hot water and bait mentioned above, sticky powder or wire drawing bait can be added to meet the viscosity. However, this method is rarely used. When it is necessary to reduce the viscosity (not hardness) of bait, generally only snow pollen is added. This is a colorless, odorless and non-sticky puffed feed with excellent viscosity reduction effect. In addition, there are some low-viscosity crucian carp bait, such as Japanese Marubeni black bait, but they all have their own flavors. You can also use it when the taste is complementary to the taste of the bait you use. Viscosity is usually closely related to hardness. When the bait is too hard and water is added, it must be rubbed and stirred evenly, which will be too sticky when rubbed. Rub more when the bait is too soft. It will be too sticky. Therefore, it is very important to adjust the viscosity in this case. Third, the weight here refers to the proportion of bait. This is a very profound problem in bait, which needs to reach a certain level before it can be involved. Simply put, it sinks faster than the main bait, but it is not conducive to fish inhalation; The opposite is true for those with small specific gravity. In addition, the specific gravity of bait also affects the sensitivity of floating, and the specific gravity of bait should be considered when floating. For example, the normal "tune 4 and catch 2", the heavy bait is dull and the light bait is sensitive. Generally speaking, the proportion of sticky bait is large; Soft bait has a light specific gravity. The specific gravity of the bait can be tested by adjusting the buoy. For example, you adjust the net to 4 meshes (empty hook and half water), put double bait and throw it into the water to see how heavy the tail is. Generally, it is advisable to drop 3~4 meshes. If you sink too much, you should set your goal higher; If the sinking is too small, the target should be lower. Of course, this is directly related to the thickness of the drift tail and the size of the bait. Fourthly, when fishing big and fishing small, the size of bait is a simple and important issue. Even under normal circumstances, there is no fixed standard. Because the size of the bait should at least change with the size of the fish. However, even so, there is still a general concept. Generally speaking, it is as big as a soaked soybean. If the bait is too large, it will affect the smooth inhalation of fish and there will be no fish. It is also possible that the hook of the fish mouth is thin and it will be unhooked after inhalation. Too small is not conducive to the formation of nests and the effect of attracting fish is not good. As the saying goes, "three years of pole training and five years of bait training" fully illustrates the difficulty of bait configuration; Facing the dazzling array of commercial bait, how to open the bait? Personally, I think it is necessary to choose, match and make according to the needs of specific fish conditions. 1, pay attention to the collocation of granular bait and powdery bait. In actual fishing, we all know a simple truth: people's feelings about bait can't replace fish's feelings about bait; Therefore, when configuring bait, we must first establish the concept of "respecting the taste of fish"; In the matter of fish, we found that "attracting fish, fishing and raising fish" are three basic elements of bait, which are indispensable in concrete practice. Granular bait is mainly used to raise fish, and powdery bait is mainly used to lure fish. Therefore, it is necessary to consider using enough granular bait in bait collocation, which is often overlooked by anglers in fishing. It is a common phenomenon that heavy powder bait is lighter than particles. Generally, there are instructions or labels on the packaging bags of commercial baits, and most commercial baits can distinguish the particle size or flake size with the naked eye; Granular bait refers to granular feed formed by mechanical and other technological processes, including grain particles; Everyone wants to find Tang Ben granules in competitive fishing, because finding Tang Ben granules is equivalent to finding the delicious and universal bait of fish; Therefore, the combination of granular bait and powdery bait is the most basic principle of bait combination in fishing practice. 2. Pay attention to the proportion of bait. Commercial bait is proportional. Read the sign carefully before opening the bait. In general, the bait for floating fishing is lighter than the important one, and the bait for bottom fishing is heavier than the important one. However, we should pay attention to one problem, that is to say, atomized bait is often light, that is to say, atomized bait is not heavy. We know that the best fishing bait in Taiwan Province is that one bait is completely undercover and the other bait touches the bottom gently. If the proportion of bait is too heavy, once the mud at the fishing point is too thick, both kinds of bait may be covered up, so many effective mouths of fish will be missed. Therefore, it is necessary to make appropriate adjustments when using bait with a large proportion. 3. Pay attention to the collocation of bait tastes, such as "fishy, sweet, sour and smelly", which is the favorite taste of freshwater fish summarized by predecessors. Among them, fishy smell is the most common bait partner in fishing, because fishy smell covers almost all the smell characteristics of raw materials in bait; The main principles of seasoning collocation are what bait to use for fishing, what bait to feed and what bait to use; Generally speaking, "winter and spring dominate the smell, autumn dominates the fragrance, and summer dominates the light." 4. Pay attention to the collocation of main bait and auxiliary bait. Choose the main bait and the auxiliary bait according to the situation of the fish when opening the bait. You can't catch fish by blindly choosing bait and naturally opening bait. Before fishing, determine the main bait according to the fish to be caught, and then determine the corresponding auxiliary bait after the main bait is determined. In actual operation, it is generally configured according to the formula of "main bait+basic bait+state bait". 5. Using bait according to the palatability of fish is the basic practice of a mature fisherman, and it is also the primary problem that should be considered in fishing activities. Fish can match whatever they like. It is not the fish that adapts to the bait, but the bait adapts to the fish. We don't believe in bait, but we should adapt to the taste of fish and try our best to adapt to it. There is a simple reason. Remember: there are no fish that don't eat bait, only fish that don't eat bait. "One side of the water and soil raises one side of the fish." It's always the same. Here is a simple and effective trick to prepare bait and rub bait for your communication: when the bait is powder, add water according to a certain proportion, stir it a little after absorbing enough water, and fold the bait into a ball after storing for a period of time. When loading bait, the hand holding the pole is used to hold the pendant or the string, and the other hand is used to receive a little bait from the bait ball. Clamp the bait between the first joint of the index finger and the middle finger with the middle finger and thumb, and then the hook falls on the bait. Turn your thumb to wrap the bait around the hook and rub it repeatedly into an oval shape. You can also knead the bait at one time, first rub the bait into a cylinder, then cut it into two pieces with your thumb nail, and then rub the bait. Because of the different hook shapes, the rubbing bait is mainly oval and pill-shaped, which is one circle larger than the hook. However, the bait on the hook is different from the main lure and the main fishing, so the shape of the bait should be considered and shaped if necessary. For example, the angle water resistance is large, the friction surface between bait and water is large, and it is easy to atomize, which is suitable for attracting fish; Ball resistance is small and atomization is slow. Because it is rubbed tightly, even if the outer layer is atomized, there is still a bait core for the fish to eat. After the bait is twisted into an oval shape, it is pressed on the hook handle to form a drop shape, which has good stability and gives consideration to atomization and residue. Another example is anchovies that are often hooked when fishing in the middle and lower layers. Knead it into pills and then press it into cakes, so that the bait will not only sink slowly after entering the water, but also swing from side to side under the resistance of the water. For more fishing skills, please go to the fishing skills exchange section of the Fishing House Forum. Fishing friends are welcome to leave valuable comments and suggestions.