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What are the main installation forms of tower cranes?

1. The compilation is based on the "Fujian Province Construction Safety Management Information Regulations", "Construction Safety Inspection Standards" (JCJ59-99), "Safety Technical Regulations for the Use of Construction Machinery" (JGJ33-2001) "Tower Crane "Safe Operating Procedures" (GB5144-1994) "Technical Conditions for Tower Cranes" (GB/T9462-1999) "Performance Tests of Tower Cranes" (GB/T5013-1994) "Practical Regulations on Testing and Scraping of Wire Ropes for Hoisting Machinery" ( GB/T5972-1986) "Safety Regulations for Lifting Equipment" (GB6067-1985) "TC5612 Tower Crane Installation and Instructions" Engineering Construction Drawings Engineering Construction Organization Design Site Construction Site 2. Project Overview Project Name: Xingbei Staff Comprehensive Service Center , Project location: Xingbei 2nd Road, Xinglin, Building height: 85 meters, Structural form: frame-shear structure, Construction period: 602 days. Construction unit: Xiamen Xinglin Construction and Development Company, construction unit: Fujian Construction Engineering Group Corporation, tower crane installation and dismantling unit: Xiamen Zhengdeli Industrial Development Co., Ltd. Install a tower crane, model: TC5612, the maximum working range of the tower crane: 56m, the rated lifting moment is 800kN.m, the maximum lifting weight is 6 tons, the maximum lifting weight at the end of the tower crane is 1.2 tons, and the allowable free height of the tower crane is 31 rice. The planned installation height of the tower crane is 95 meters, the initial installation height is 30 meters, and the number of attachments planned to be used is 5. 3. On-site operating conditions The tower crane is planned to be installed at the intersection of the 3-4 axis and the E-F axis, 16 meters and 11 meters away from the outer edges of the basement in the west and south, respectively, and about 3.5 meters away from the upper body. It is about 22 meters away from the construction site wall. There is a high-voltage line 10 meters outside the wall, about 27 meters high. 4. Composition of installation workers 4.1 Personnel composition Position name certificate 4.2 Job responsibilities: 4.2.1 Tower crane installation and dismantling team: Squad leader Job responsibilities: 4.2.1.1 According to the needs of construction production, organize team members to be responsible for the entry and exit of mechanical equipment, installation and dismantling, Conduct debugging and site transfer work, and provide briefings on the performance of mechanical equipment and workplace safety to ensure human and machine safety. 4.2.1.2 Instruct the team to use machinery and equipment correctly, abide by operating procedures and safety production systems, ensure work quality, and complete disassembly, assembly and maintenance tasks and various economic and technical indicators. 4.2.1.3 Ensure the integrity of the equipment and the safety of the main engine, auxiliary machines, ancillary devices and accompanying tools. 4.2.1.4 Supervise the team members to jointly carry out maintenance of equipment according to the requirements of the specifications, strengthen daily inspections, pay attention to signs of equipment failure, conduct timely inspections and repairs, eliminate hidden dangers, and avoid accidents. 4.2.1.5 Fill in equipment installation, debugging and equipment inspection records carefully and accurately, and submit them for filing in a timely manner. 4.2.1.6 When an accident occurs, protect the scene and participate in accident analysis and handling. 4.2.1.7 Organize political and technical learning for team members and improve the quality of team members. 4.2.1.8 Participate in equipment maintenance and identification and acceptance after repair. 4.2.2 Job Responsibilities of Installation and Demolition Personnel 4.2.2.1 When entering the work site, they must wear and use labor protection supplies that meet the requirements as required. 4.2.2.2 Before operation, the tools, spreaders and locks used must be carefully inspected according to regulations and used as required. 4.2.2.3 The installation and disassembly procedures specified in the tower crane must be strictly followed under the command of a dedicated person. It is strictly prohibited to change the disassembly and assembly procedures specified in the operation. 4.2.2.4 During the operation, you must be clear about the project you are engaged in, the location, the content and requirements of the work place, and protect and package the connectors in accordance with the regulations. 4.2.2.5 The equipment and tools used during the operation must be used strictly in accordance with the regulations. 4.2.2.6 Strictly abide by safe operating procedures and obey instructions. 4.2.3 Job responsibilities of tower crane commanders 4.2.3.1 They must be familiar with the performance of the crane they operate and the various command signals specified, contact the driver, and supervise and inspect the wearing of labor protection equipment by workers within their jurisdiction. 4.2.3.2 Before the crane is operated, the type of command signal to be used must be agreed with the driver, and unscheduled command signals are not allowed to be used midway during the operation. If changes are needed, the crane must be stopped and the driver must be contacted. Replacement can only be made with the approval of both parties. 4.2.3.3 The wire ropes and hooks used must be inspected in accordance with relevant regulations. Those who fail to meet the standards are strictly prohibited from use. 4.2.3.4 Safety operating procedures must be strictly followed based on the content and requirements of each operation and the performance of the tower crane. 4.2.3.5 When conducting command operations, you must wear distinctive signs that comply with the regulations: you must use standardized command signals, and the command signals must be clear and unambiguous; you must stand in a safe and clear place within the hearing or vision of the driver. When following the load operation command, the driver should always direct the load to avoid people and obstacles. 4.2.3.6 During command operations, you must concentrate and do not do other work that affects the command. When lifting, first use the "micro-movement" signal to command, wait until the load is 200mm above the ground, and then command at normal speed. Before the load is dropped, make sure the landing area is safe before sending out the landing signal. If necessary, use the "micro-movement" signal to command. landing. 4.2.3.7 When the driver and load cannot be seen clearly at the same time, an intermediate command transmission signal must be added.

4.2.4 Electrician job responsibilities 4.2.4.1 During installation, check and verify whether the primary and secondary loop control systems, signal systems, work lighting systems, and alarm systems are in good and reliable working condition according to the tower crane electrical control system diagram, and whether the operating system is flexible and Accurate; adjust lifting height, amplitude and other limit devices as well as lifting torque, overweight limiter and other safety protection devices to meet the requirements of the lifting instructions. 4.2.4.2 Check whether the wire joints and components are firmly fixed, whether the contact is good, and whether the wires are exposed. 4.2.4.3 Check whether the incoming power supply line is laid with a dedicated power supply line in accordance with the regulations, and whether the cross-sectional area of ??the wire is selected according to the requirements of the tower crane product manual. 4.2.4.4 Before powering on the tower crane, check that each controller should be in the zero position and that the supplied working power supply voltage should be within the range of 380V+10%. 4.2.4.5 The tower crane’s grounding, zero protection and lightning protection facilities must be installed as required, and the grounding resistance should be less than four ohms. 4.2.4.6 When each motor is running, attention should be paid to checking its temperature rise, load conditions, and whether the speed control system is normal. 4.2.4.7 Keep records of the installation, commissioning and maintenance of the tower crane electrical control system. 5. Equipment preparation 1. One 25-ton crane 2. Two theodolite 3. 2 12" flexible wrenches, 4 18" 4. One multimeter 5. One megohmmeter 6. One grounding megger 7 , a set of screwdrivers 8, various rigging accessories 9, one safety helmet per person, 30 pairs of safety belts, gloves, 2 tool bags 10, 2 tons of hand-pulled pulleys 2 pcs 11, large and small hammers: olive punch matching 12. Brown rope 30M/piece: 2 pieces of six-tower crane disassembly. Tower crane disassembly is a very technical task, especially the disassembly of the standard sections of the tower body, counterweights, counterbalance arms, booms and other components. If there is a slight negligence, , it will lead to serious accidents. Therefore, when dismantling these parts, you must strictly follow the regulations and procedures in the instruction manual. Tower operators must be trained and certified personnel. 6.1 Precautions for disassembly 6.1.1 Before dismantling the tower crane, since the lifting mechanism will not be used for a long time, it should be maintained and tested. 6.1.2 During the trial operation, the slewing mechanism brake should be reliably inspected purposefully. 6.1.3 Rotary movement is strictly prohibited before the standard sections of the tower body have been dismantled and the frame and tower body have not been connected as a whole. 6.1.4 The working procedures for the disassembly and installation of the tower crane are exactly the opposite. The wind force should be less than Level 4 during disassembly. Since the construction of the building has been completed when the tower crane is dismantled, the working area is not as spacious as when it is installed. Special attention should be paid to the working procedures and hoisting during disassembly. Stacking location. You must not be careless every time, otherwise personal safety accidents may occur randomly. 6.1.5 During the movement of the oil cylinder, it should be noted that the gap between the guide wheel and the main rod of the tower body should be maintained at 2-3mm, and the guide wheel must be observed to be unobstructed during the entire process. 6.2 Sequence and content of tower dismantling 6.2.1 Landing 6.2.1.1 Adjust the hydraulic lifting system according to the relevant requirements of the instruction manual, and pay special attention to the regulations on oil and exhaust systems. 6.2.1.2 Step 1: Rotate the boom to the introduction direction of the standard section (that is, the side with the introduction platform in the jacking frame), put the slewing brake in the braking state, and adjust the jacking according to the requirements of the instruction manual. The equilibrium position of the car at that time. Remove the high-strength bolts connecting the lower support to the standard section to be removed. 6.2.1.3 Step 2 (1) Be sure to extend the jacked cylinder to about 90% of its full length, and place the jacked beam on the upper step of standard section 1 (the standard section under the standard section to be removed) (note: never It is allowed to place the lifting beam on the steps of the standard section to be dismantled) At this time, the lifting cylinder should be free from stress (that is, the pressure gauge of the hydraulic system reads zero). The pins at both ends of the lifting beam are placed in the arc grooves (both sides The end pins must all enter, otherwise a side tower accident will occur when performing lower work) and the amount of exposure of the outer end faces of the two end pins on the outer side of the step is basically equal. (2) Remove the high-strength bolts connecting the standard section to be removed and standard section 1. Insert the pins of the four introduction rollers into the bolt holes of the connecting sleeve at the lower part of the standard section to be removed, and rotate the introduction rollers so that the axis of the rollers is perpendicular to the introduction beam. (3) Start the hydraulic system, lift out the oil cylinder, and raise the jacking sleeve until there is a 10-20mm gap between the lower end of the standard section to be removed and the upper boss of standard section 1, and stop jacking at any time. 6.2.1.4 Step 3 (1) Push the standard section to be disassembled onto the introduction platform (2) Retract the oil cylinder to lower the frame. When starting to descend, special personnel need to monitor the two climbing frames on the frame to ensure that they can successfully avoid the two steps on the main pole of the tower during the descent of the frame (note: it is absolutely forbidden to avoid one climbing frame. , the other dodges. Otherwise there will be a side tower accident! Be sure to keep them level after climbing claws dodge the steps). 6.2.1.5 Step 4 (1) Continue to lower the frame to the height of about half a standard section until the climbing claws are in contact with the steps of standard section 2 (the standard section above the standard section to be removed). Stop the descent. Check the left and right climbers. Is the position between the two steps of the claw and the standard section correct (note: the two climbing claws must be in a horizontal state, otherwise one is horizontal and the other is tilted, and a side tower accident will occur when doing the following work!), confirm that it is correct, and then Lower the frame and carefully observe the fit between the left and right claws and the steps. The climbing claw stops descending after being stressed. Observe whether there are any abnormal noises, deformations and other abnormalities in the climbing claw, steps and stressed components. Make sure it is normal before proceeding to the next operation. Otherwise, the lifting beam pin should continue to be placed on the step circle. within the arc groove.

6.2.1.6 Step 5 (1) Continue to retract the cylinder, pull out the lifting beam pin from the upper step of standard section 1 and then stop retracting. Then slowly extend the oil cylinder to about 90% of the total length, lower the lifting beam and place the pins at both ends in the arc groove of the lower step of standard section 2 (note: the pins at both ends must be placed otherwise If you continue to work, a side tower accident will occur!) At this time, you should check the fit and relative position of the pins at both ends of the lifting beam and the steps, and continue working after confirming that they are correct. (2) Jack up slightly and stop when the jacking beam is stressed. Check whether there is any abnormal sound or deformation in the jacking beam, steps and force-bearing parts after being stressed. After confirming that they are normal, continue jacking until the two climbing claws can rotate to the hiding position. Stop lifting after passing the original contact step, and then rotate the two climbing claws to avoid the steps (note: the two climbing claws must be avoided, otherwise a side tower accident will occur when working on the lower part!). (3) Continue to lower the frame. When the top surface of the standard section 2 is in contact with the lower support, pull out the lifting beam and connect the upper end of the standard section 2 to the lower support with high-strength bolts. 6.2.1.7 Step six (1) Start the trolley, use a hook to slightly lift the standard section to be removed from the introduction platform, remove the four pulleys and place them on the introduction platform. (2) Start the trolley and use the hook to lift the standard section to be dismantled to the ground. At this point, the disassembly of a standard section is completed. 6.2.1.8 If you want to continue to disassemble the standard section, repeat all the above six steps. When the tower crane is lowered to the installation height (or the appropriate lifting equipment disassembly height such as a truck crane), use a truck crane to gradually dismantle each component of the tower crane. 6.2.2.1 Use the lifting mechanism to retract the lifting wire rope, and drive the trolley to the root of the boom to fix it. 6.2.2.2 Remove part of the counterweight. 6.2.2.3 Use the lifting mechanism to remove the pin connecting the boom rod to the top of the tower, and fix the rod on the upper rod of the boom (note: a truck crane is required to lift the crane during the operation. The end of the arm is slightly upward), and then place the boom assembly smoothly on the ground. 6.2.2.4 Remove the remaining balance weight of the balance arm. 6.2.2.5 Use a truck crane to lift the balance arm up slightly, remove the balance arm tie rod, fix the tie rod on the balance arm, remove the pin at the root of the balance arm, and hoist the balance arm smoothly to the ground. 6.2.2.6 To disassemble the remaining parts, please refer to the installation procedure instructions and follow the principle of first installation and then disassembly, and then installation and first disassembly. If you are not sure, please refer to the installation procedures for disassembly. 6.3 Precautions after the disassembly is completed 6.3.1 After the tower crane is disassembled, the relevant engineering technicians and professional maintenance personnel shall conduct inventory and inspection. The main stress-bearing structures shall be inspected for welds, structural deformation, fatigue damage, etc., and the tower shall be inspected. Check whether the various parts of the machine are damaged or bruised. 6.3.2 After the inspection is completed, repair defects, hidden dangers, etc., and perform rust removal and painting. 7. Disassembly of electrical devices 7.1 Electrical disassembly 7.1.1 When disassembling electrical devices, the electrical system should be powered off. 7.1.2 After disassembly, the cables should be marked according to the wire number to facilitate next disassembly. 8. Safety technical measures 8.1 Check the various tools used for tower crane disassembly and deal with any problems found in a timely manner. 8.2 Tower crane disassembly must be carried out by a qualified installation unit. Disassembly unit personnel must undergo special safety operation training through relevant national departments and obtain special operation qualification certificates before they can start work. 8.3 Installation personnel must receive three-level safety education when entering the site. They must strictly abide by safety operating procedures when operating. They should wear safety helmets, rubber shoes, and safety belts when climbing. It is strictly prohibited to operate under the influence of alcohol, and it is prohibited to throw objects downward from high places.

8.4 When dismantling the tower crane, a disassembly plan and targeted safety technical measures must be prepared based on the environment and conditions of the construction site, the mechanical performance of the tower crane, and the characteristics of the auxiliary lifting equipment.

8.5 Before the disassembly operation, targeted safety technical signatures must be signed, and responsibilities should be divided according to the operating procedures and unified command; during the installation operation, each process should have designated personnel, positions, and responsibilities, and a designated person should be under unified command. Warning zones should be set up during disassembly and assembly operations, and special personnel should be assigned to monitor them.

8.6 It is strictly prohibited to disassemble the wall-attached rods before the tower crane is disassembled to the allowable cantilever height.

Tower crane disassembly plan