Rational fertilization: young trees are mainly applied with nitrogen fertilizer, and pure nitrogen 100 ~ 400g is applied to each tree of 1 ~ 3 years old, and the ratio of n: P2O5: K2O is 1: 0.3: 0.5. The principle of fertilization is to apply thin fertilizer frequently, to promote bamboo shoots before each shooting, to strengthen bamboo shoots after shooting, or to apply dilute human manure 1 time every month from sowing to mid-October, to stop fertilization in 1 1 month, and to apply 65438+ in 165438 month.
Management of adult trees: Fertilize adult trees 3 ~ 4 times a year. The yield is about 50 kg/plant, the nitrogen application is 0.9 kg, and the balanced fertilization ratio is: N: P: K: Ca: Mg =1:0.5:1:1.1:0.4, respectively before and after fruit picking. Germination fertilizer (spring fertilizer) was applied at the end of June, accounting for15 ~ 25% of the annual fertilization; Generally, strong fruit fertilizer (summer and autumn fertilizer) is applied after stopping physiological fruit dropping 10 ~ 15 days and before autumn shoots germinate, accounting for 20 ~ 40% of the annual fertilization.
Water management: In the new shoot growth period, flower bud differentiation period (March-May) and fruit growth and development period (7-65438+1October), timely irrigation should be carried out to keep the soil moist, and the irrigation amount should reach 60-70% of the maximum field capacity. Irrigation methods include furrow irrigation, irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. Gardens with low terrain or high groundwater level should be drained in time.
Plastic pruning: the pruning of young trees should emphasize the principle of "controlling shoots by wiping buds" and master the principle of "keeping tidy early, removing less and retaining more" When the last branch of the whole plant has 3-4 new branches, pruning should be stopped. Appropriately thinning out the branches that are too dense and cutting off all the wintering branches. First-bearing trees should pay attention to cultivating short and strong spring shoots and autumn shoots, erasing summer shoots and winter shoots, thinning upright branches, leaving oblique branches or pulling branches. At the full fruit stage, the mature trees retract the fruiting branches, falling flowers and falling fruit branches and declining branches in time. Cut off dead branches, pests and diseases. For trees with too many main branches and serious crown closure, pruning can be used to cut off the upright main branches in the middle, open a "skylight" and introduce light into the inner room (sawing large branches should be carried out in spring). For the vegetative branches of summer and autumn shoots drained in the same year, the annual output can be adjusted by cutting or thinning, and most or all branches of leafless branches are cut off on the basis of severe thinning. The height of the tree should be controlled below 3m. Form a natural happy shape, the stem is 20 ~ 40 cm high, and 3 ~ 4 main branches are scattered on the trunk. The branching angle of the main branch is 30 ~ 45 degrees, each main branch is equipped with 2 ~ 3 auxiliary main branches, and several side branches are properly arranged on the main branch and the auxiliary main branch.