The annual sunshine time is about 1650 hours. Secondly, for the garden, the slope is preferably lower than 25℃. Finally, for the soil layer, we should choose loose and fertile areas, and the deep soil layer should be above 1 m. In addition, the growth of navel orange can not be separated from the support point of boiling water, so it is necessary to choose a place convenient for irrigation to open the garden.
2 scientific research and cultivation
The planting time of navel orange is from the end of February to the end of March, and the optimal relative density is 65438+55 plants per mu. Before navel orange is planted, young tree stems should be wrapped with mortar to avoid water volatilization and improve the survival rate of young trees. In the process of planting, it is necessary to ensure the smooth development and details of seedlings. After planting, the seedlings should be fixed with sticks and watered. In the whole process of watering, it should be noted that there should not be too much water in the planting hole to avoid root rot. After planting, wheat straw can be covered on the planting holes to prevent water from volatilizing. In most cases, seedlings can live within 30 days after planting.
3 Fertilization management methods
Fertilization management method is divided into two stages, namely, young tree fertilization management method and fruit tree fertilization management method. For young trees, some surviving seedlings can be fertilized after 30 days of planting. Because the seedlings are small, only some low-concentration manure or compound fertilizer with a content of about 0.4% is added in the whole fertilization process. Fertilization of young trees should follow the standard of small amount and multiple meals, reduce the increasing concentration and increase the increasing frequency, so that peach trees can be better digested and absorbed.
Before all the results are achieved, the amount of fertilization can be appropriately increased with the improvement of young trees. For fruiting trees, flowering fertilizer and its auxiliary fertilizer should be increased; For weak trees, early fertilization and more fertilization should be carried out; For strong trees, late fertilization and less fertilization should be implemented; For navel oranges newly put into production, 0. 15Kg compound fertilizer and a small amount of urea solution should be added to each plant, and the dosage should be appropriately increased after production. Root fertilization should be carried out from bud stage to young fruit development stage, and zinc-containing fertilizer should be supplemented.
4 water management methods
The moisture management method of navel orange should meet the requirements of green organic food production and manufacturing. Navel orange trees are sensitive to water during flowering and fruiting, so they should be watered immediately. When there is water in the rainy season and plantations, canals should be dug and drainage pipes should be developed. If it is rainy before fruit picking, you can make full use of plastic film to cover it and soak it in a basin.
5 fruit tree pruning
Peach trees should be pruned at all ages. In spring, scientific and reasonable pruning should be carried out in combination with the budding situation of young leaves to eliminate some weak young leaves. The navel orange tree has borne fruit in summer, so it should be pruned according to the growth and development of tree technology, and some empty branches should be removed immediately. In addition, the inflow of nutrients must be controlled according to the ring cutting method, so as to promote the development of flower buds. Prune some dead branches in autumn to prevent tree technology from squeezing and melting. In winter, branches can be effectively pruned and kept, which lays a good foundation for next year's production, and also needs to maintain the wounds of branches.
6 fruit bagging to protect fruit
The best time for fruit bagging is from the beginning of August to the end of September. Before bagging, the fruits should be combed, such as fruit thinning pests, weak fruits and their small fruits. After carding, the solution with insect-proof and sterilization effects is sprayed on the plantation twice. After the liquid medicine is dried, a special bag with waterproof and sterilization function is selected for fruit bagging and maintenance, starting from the picking day 10 day. It can effectively protect fruits and fertilizers and make navel oranges more environmentally friendly and healthy.
7 Reasonable prevention of pests and diseases
Effective control of diseases and insect pests plays a key role in the growth and development of navel orange. In pest control, prevention is the main part, but once the pest situation occurs, the key is to take physical control countermeasures. In winter, planters should immediately clean up plantations, especially some dry branches that have suffered from pests and diseases. Peach trees should be fertilized after clearing. In the whole fertilization process, attention should be paid to the preparation of base fertilizer, phosphorus potassium fertilizer and its potassium fertilizer. In addition, pest busters can be maintained,
For example, according to predatory mites and mite-eating insects, the harm of tetranychus mites to navel orange trees can be reasonably prevented. At the same time, the LEPIDOPTERA striped moth can be sprayed according to the sex attractant, and the phototropic pest can be sprayed according to the frequency vibrating lamp. If the actual effect of preventing and controlling pests and diseases can not be effectively achieved by physical methods and microbial methods, chemical fertilizers can be used for prevention and control in an emergency. In the whole process of selecting chemical fertilizer, we should choose chemical fertilizer with low residue and low toxicity, and do not use chemical fertilizer within 7 days before picking to prevent insects from eating.
8 abstract
Generally speaking, growers need to improve the quality and yield of navel oranges if they want to improve their own economic benefits. The whole process of navel orange planting is also a complicated engineering project, which requires not only understanding the planting technology, but also a lot of planting experience. However, for growers, as long as effective shop site selection, scientific research and planting, improvement of daily management methods and reasonable prevention and control of pests and diseases are carried out, high-quality production of navel oranges will be realized, and their own income will be improved while considering customer needs.