Seed treatment is needed before sowing. Soaking seeds in boiling water and soaking them in clear water for 24 hours after natural cooling can promote seed germination, and the temperature of seed germination should be above 20℃. Sowing is generally done by drilling or sowing on demand, covering the soil for 2-3㎝, or putting it in a sand bed to accelerate germination, and then moving the seedlings to a nursery for cultivation. Generally, seeds begin to germinate half a month after sowing and end at 1 month, and the germination rate can reach more than 80%. Seedling growth is characterized by creeping growth of trunk and rapid germination of lateral branches. In management, attention should be paid to pruning side branches and inserting bamboo beside each seedling to keep fit. At the same time, fertilization should be 65,438+0-2 times a month. When the 2-year-old seedlings 1.5m or more and the ground diameter is over 2cm, they can be planted in the nursery.
Mainly for the cultivation of landscape trees, it is advisable to choose places with sufficient sunshine and good water and fertilizer conditions for planting. The plant spacing is 3×3m or 4×4m, and the planting holes are about 70cm square and 50cm deep. Each hole is filled with sufficient base fertilizer and 20㎏ of pond mud or garbage fertilizer. Seedlings need to be planted with clods, otherwise the survival rate is low. After planting, it should be thoroughly watered with root-fixing water, and the soil should always be moist. After 1 month, the seedlings can grow stably and be fertilized. Fertilize 1-2 times a year, and blossom and bear fruit in 5-6 years. 1. Seed collection and seed inspection. According to the observation and summary of lentil trees planted by tropical forestry research institute, lentil trees in Fenhua Mountain began to blossom and bear fruit in 3 ~ 4 years after planting. The flowering period begins in early May, and lasts from mid-May to early July until it is fully flowered. In the second year, the fruit ripens from late March to mid-April, and the immature pods turn dark brown in mid-April, with a fruit length of 35~ 68 cm and a fruit diameter of 1.2- 1.6 cm, and from late April to 5. The seeds of pink Huashan lentil should be harvested within 1 month after maturity, and the pods are easy to be eaten by insects after hanging for too long or landing. After collecting the pods, put them on the cement floor or dry them in a sieve, break the pods with a wooden stick, take out the seeds with pulp, and then peel off the pulp to get the seeds. Each pod contains 22 ~ 8/kloc-0 seeds, and the single fruit rate is 9. 09% ~ 3 1.4%. The average seed setting rate is 23. The seed purity is 98% and the 1000-grain weight is 13 1. 1 g .. seeds can be stored in bags or cans and stored in a ventilated and dry place indoors. Naked seeds stored indoors can maintain germination ability at room temperature of 1~ 2 a; The germination ability can be maintained for 2~ 3 years after mixed dry sand storage or sealed storage after sun drying.
2. Seed germination treatment. Because the seed coat of Lentinus edodes is dense and hard with waxy layer, its water absorption performance is poor. When seeds are treated by conventional methods, the germination rate is low, difficult and irregular. Three methods were used to accelerate germination of lentil seeds with normal development, integrity and fullness, and fresh and moth-free. The results showed that the germination rate was 66. 5%. The germination rate of seeds treated with hot water is 65438 09%, and that of seeds treated with sulfuric acid is 86. 2%. It is suggested to use two methods to treat seeds in production, so as to promote the seeds to germinate ahead of time and improve the germination rate.
3. sow and raise seedlings. The treated seeds can be planted and raised. Sowing substrate can be forest topsoil, river sand, Finnish substrate, etc. , the matrix can be 0. 5% potassium permanganate solution. After sowing, it was found that seeds germinated on the third day after sowing. The suitable temperature for seed germination is 26℃, and the germination rate is about 85% ~90%. Sowing is usually carried out in the rainy season (June-July) in the south, and it is generally appropriate to sow in February-March. The sowing amount per square meter is 17 ~ 20 g.
4. Seedling morphology. After the seeds are treated, they are sown. When they meet with water, the seeds swell and begin to germinate on the third day. On the fifth day, when the seedlings were unearthed and germinated, the hypocotyl was first unearthed in a hook shape, the radicle was about 4 cm long and the hypocotyl was about 2 cm long. On the sixth day, two leaves were unfolded. At the same time, cotyledons fell off and primary leaves began to appear 3-4 days after excavation. The newly unearthed cotyledons are oval, and the veins of cotyledons are pinnate reticulate veins. Cotyledons are yellow-green, with beautiful luster. When the cotyledons are fully unfolded, the primary leaves are 0.8 cm high and oval, about 1. 2 cm long, 0. 5 cm wide, with neat edges and bright green color. The seedlings began to lignify about 2 months after they were unearthed. Seedlings grow faster, have stronger stress resistance, less pests and diseases, and are resistant to hot sun and high temperature. The seedlings grow naturally within 1~ 2 months after they are unearthed. After 2 months, it began to crawl to one side, and the lateral branches germinated earlier, so it was necessary to prune and support the stems in time. 1. Seedling management. Pay attention to the water management of seedbed after sowing. After the seeds germinate, straw or pine needles should be taken out of the seedbed one by one. If the temperature in the shed is too high during the day, cover it with a sunshade net, especially the seeds germinated in the sand bed. When the seeds are found to be white or spurting out radicle, they should be transplanted into a nutrition bag as soon as possible to avoid scalding the germ of the seeds due to the high temperature of the sand bed in the shed. The commonly used container seedling substrate is 70% forest topsoil +20% burnt soil+10% decomposed farmyard manure. The best time for transplanting is when the seeds just germinate and the hypocotyl is hooked out, and the survival rate of transplanting is high, reaching 95%. Transplanting seedlings should be done on cloudy days or after 17 pm to avoid the influence of high temperature or strong light on the survival rate after transplanting.
2. Management of nutrition bag seedling. After transplantation, it is necessary to build a sunshade net, and gradually dismantle the sunshade net according to its survival situation. Pay attention to strengthening water and fertilizer management. After the seedlings survived, the concentration was 0. 1%~ 0.2% can be applied once every 10~ 15 d to promote its growth, and the seedlings are not fertilized half a month before they leave the nursery. As one of the excellent ornamental trees in tropical and subtropical regions, Lentinus edodes has great prospects for popularization and application. However, because seeds are extremely difficult to germinate without accelerating germination, soaking in sulfuric acid and scraping off the seed coat can significantly improve the germination rate and germination rate of seeds. In the process of cultivation, attention should be paid to the selection of planting plots, and at the same time, attention should be paid to the removal of miscellaneous shrubs and weeds on the afforestation land to avoid the influence of shading on seedling growth after planting; Proper application of base fertilizer before planting can promote seedling growth; Because of the low survival rate of naked root seedlings of pink Huashan lentil, container seedlings should be used in production. After planting, it is necessary to strengthen the tending management of young forests, mainly including pond expansion, weeding and loosening soil, topdressing, shaping and pruning; Because of its rapid growth and strong transpiration, bare-rooted lentils are not easy to survive. Therefore, it is suggested that the big seedlings be transplanted with soil balls, and the branches and leaves should be pruned, and the nursing after transplantation should be strengthened to improve their survival rate.