In ornithinae, ornithinae, there are more than 40 species of stout webbed seabirds. The species that breed in the northern hemisphere are the most, with about 30 species from temperate zone to Arctic region. Species that nest inland often go to the coast in winter. Most adult birds are gray or white with different spots on their heads. During the breeding period, the head is either pure white or all black, all gray or all brown; Stripes or unclear spots appear on the head in winter. Beaks are hard, slightly hooked, and some species are spotted. The color of beak and legs and wing type are the basis of classification. Seagulls feed on coastal insects, mollusks, crustaceans and worms and grubs in cultivated land; They also prey on small fish on the shore and pick up leftovers discarded on the shore and on ships. Some large seagulls prey on eggs and young birds of other birds (including their own kind).
It is generally believed that seagulls can be divided into several genera, but many scholars regard them as a big genus: gulls. With a dark head and crimson legs, L. ridibundus breeds in Europe, Asia and Iceland and winters in India and the Philippines. Usually looking for food in the field, the main food is insects. A small black-headed gull (L. philadelphia, Bonaparte gull) in North America, with a black head, a gray bill and pink to red legs. Nesting in trees and preying on insects in ponds; You can also jump into the sea and fish in winter. North American California seagull (California seagull) breeds inland and overwinters on the Pacific coast; It is said that it saved the crops of early Mormon residents in Salt Lake City from the destruction of Mormon crickets (a long-horned locust), so it became the state bird of Utah. Cpaing breeds in large groups in inland swamps in the northern United States and overwinters along the Pacific coast of South America.
The northern sea gull (L. hyperboreus) is mostly white, with pale pink feet and a yellow mouth with a red spot. Sometimes I go south to Hawaii and the Mediterranean for winter. L. marinus is the largest seagull with a wingspan of 1.6 meters (63 inches). Almost around the polar regions, but not between Labrador and Japan. Silver gull is the most common Atlantic gull, distributed in the northern hemisphere. It is gray, its legs and feet are flesh-colored, and there are black and white spots on the tip of its wings. For saprophytes, it feeds on garbage and dirt in coastal waters. The black-backed gull (L. dominicanus) is widely distributed in the southern hemisphere (including the South Pole), and its back is black. Black-billed gull is a medium-sized seagull with a black head, red beak and feet, and often makes harsh and ridiculous calls. It breeds from Maine to northern South America and winters in southern Brazil. Although it is a coastal species, it often goes deep into inland fresh water areas. Laughing gull is the only gull that breeds in the Caribbean and the North Atlantic. Small gulls (L. minutus) are distributed in Europe and occasionally found in North America. It has a black head and a wingspan of about 60 cm (24 inches), making it the smallest seagull.
Pacific seagulls breed in Tasmania and southern Australia. Delawarensis is a common species in inland lakes of North America, and often congregates in large groups on cultivated land for food. The grey gull (L. hemprichi) in the western Indian Ocean has a dark brown head and a grayish brown patch. A white and pink seagull, beautiful and elegant. It breeds in northern Siberia and moves as far as the Arctic Ocean. Xema sabini is very common in the Arctic. It has a forked tail and runs and pecks like a snipe. The only seagull with a deeply forked tail was found in the Galapagos Islands. Narrow scientific name of seagull: seagull
Classification: Gully, Gully, Gull.
Appearance characteristics: medium-sized seagull (45cm). The legs and the small mouth without spotted rings are green and yellow, and the tail is white. The primary flying feather has a white tip and a white wing mirror. In winter, the head and neck are scattered with brown fine lines, and sometimes the corners of the mouth are black. In the first winter, the bird's tail has a black secondary belt, with dense brown longitudinal stripes on its head, neck, chest and sides, and brown spots on its upper body. The next year, the bird looked like an adult bird, but its head was dark brown, its wing tip was black and its wing mirror was very small.
Iris yellow; Mouth-green yellow; Feet-green and yellow.
Crying: Crying is high and thin, including Kakaka … screaming Keli -a and continuous Keli -uukKlee-uu- Keli -uu… crying.
Distribution: Europe, Asia to Alaska and western North America. It was discovered in the northeast province during the migration. Overwintering in the whole coastal areas including Hainan Island and Taiwan Province Province; It also exists in most inland lakes and rivers in eastern and southern China.
Habit: Breeding in groups in freshwater habitats.
This species has been listed in the List of Terrestrial Wild Animals under National Key Protection or with Important Economic and Scientific Research Value issued by the State Forestry Administration in August 2000 1. Seagull Seagull is the most common seabird. Even when people mention seabirds, they naturally think of seagulls first. Flocks of seagulls are jumping happily in the seaside, seaport and fishing ground rich in fish and shrimp. Some of them float leisurely on the water, some swim and feed, some fly low, and some ... Occasionally, two seagulls suddenly shoot at the sea like arrows, and then fly in the air, struggling for a fish. Generally speaking, where there are seagulls, there are fish, and where there are ships casting nets for fishing, seagulls will patronize.
Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, said, "Birds gather in glory." Seagulls certainly like to gather in food-rich waters. Therefore, where large flocks of seagulls are found, the waters must be full of life. Fish jump in the blue sea and seagulls fly in the blue sky, which makes the rich ocean full of vitality.
In addition to eating fish, shrimp, crabs and shellfish, seagulls also like to pick up leftovers discarded by people on board, so seagulls are nicknamed "harbour cleaners". Ports, docks, bays and ships are almost frequent visitors. On the ship's route, seagulls will follow, and even walking on the beach at low tide will wake up a group of seagulls.
In summer, seagulls fly to breeding grounds and build dish-shaped nests with hay, branches, feathers and seaweed. In cracks or pits in rocks on the island, in weeds in the grass, in bushes. In some places, the density of nests is very high, and the distance between two nests is 1-2 meters. Every parent bird has defined its own "sphere of influence" and no other birds are allowed to invade it, so it is inevitable that "neighbors" often quarrel.
Seagulls have a strong homing ability, and both females and males can return to the nest built last year. Each nest lays 2-4 eggs, and both parents hatch eggs. Young gulls can hatch in about 25 days. After 40 days, the young gull flew to the sea and began to live independently. Seagulls in Qingdao Bay Ten years ago, there were only two kinds of seagulls in Qingdao Bay, red-billed gull and silver gull, with only about 2,000.
At present, there are 9 species of seagulls active in Qingdao Bay, about 40,000 to 50,000. Here, I will introduce their characteristics and habits one by one and teach you how to identify them.
Red-billed gull: its body is mainly white, its mouth is reddish and its wings are light gray. Red-billed gulls have the largest number and smaller size.
Black-tailed gull: more than 40 centimeters long. When flying, it has a wide black stripe on its tail, a yellow mouth and a red or black spot in the front of it.
Silver gull: more than 60 centimeters long, with dark gray upper body and white lower body. He has a fleshy mouth and likes to eat mice. It calls like "bird-bird".
Grey-backed gull: It is more than 60 centimeters long. Adult birds are similar to gulls, with red cheeks, blue-gray back and silvery white above the shoulders.
Grey-winged gull: It is a rare species, with a body length of more than 60 cm, a pure white head and neck, red cheeks, gray wings and a white lower body.
Red-billed gull: It is more than 40 centimeters long and its head and neck are brown.
Black-billed gull: more than 30 cm long, with a black beak and a small number.
Common tern: more than 30 cm long, with a dovetail tail, black head, white head, neck and lower body, and gray back and shoulders. The mouth is red in summer and black in winter.
White-fronted tern: It is more than 20 centimeters long, with a dovetail tail, a yellow mouth and a white forehead, and a black stripe extending above the eyes. Typhoon No.7 "Seagull" is also the name of a typhoon, named by the Typhoon Committee of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The number of the typhoon is 5-3, the English name is Kalmaegi, and the Chinese name is Rose. The name comes from North Korea, which means seabird.
Typhoon 0807 (Seagull) on July 9, 2008 was at July 14 (Beijing time). The center of this typhoon is 29.4 degrees north latitude and 0/20.6 degrees east longitude, with a central pressure of 995 hectopascals and a maximum wind speed of 20 meters near the center.
BEIJING, July 18 (Xinhua) According to the news of Questionnet, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued an orange rainstorm warning on July 18 18: It is expected that there will be heavy rainstorms in Taiwan Province Province, eastern and north-central Fujian, Zhejiang, northeastern Jiangxi, Shanghai and other places from night to tomorrow, among which there will be heavy rainstorms in parts of southern Zhejiang, eastern and northern Fujian.
The Central Meteorological Observatory also issued the following Defense Guide:
1. It is suggested that the government and relevant departments should do a good job in storm emergency prevention according to their duties;
2. Cut off the outdoor power supply in the dangerous area and suspend outdoor operation;
3, do a good job in urban and farmland drainage, pay attention to prevent possible disasters such as flash floods, landslides and mudslides.
According to Xinhua News Agency, the wind power "Seagull" center landed in the south of Yilan County, Taiwan at 2 1: 40 on June 7, with heavy rains in many counties and cities on the island and severe disasters in the central and southern regions.
The typhoon center crossed Taiwan Province Island and entered the northern part of Taiwan Province Strait in the morning of 18, and weakened into a strong tropical storm. 18 18 10 seagull landed in the coastal area of Changchun Town, Xiapu County, Fujian Province, and the maximum wind force near the center was 10.
Six people died in heavy rain in Taiwan Province province.
According to the latest disaster report on the island, 6 people have died and many people are missing in Taiwan Province, 673,000 families have stopped water supply, many traffic trunk lines have been interrupted, some trains on the western trunk line of Taiwan Railway and High-speed Railway have been suspended, flights at Taichung Qingquan Port Airport have been grounded, and Mazu's foreign air and sea traffic has been interrupted.
The southwest airflow brought by typhoon kalmaegi continues to cover the central and southern parts of Taiwan Province Province. Since 0: 00 am on June 5438+08, the cumulative rainfall in Chiayi, Taichung and Nantou mountainous areas has reached more than 400 mm, that in Alishan has exceeded 500 mm, and that in the southern mountainous areas of Taiwan Province Province has exceeded 800 mm. The streets of several towns in central and southern Taiwan Province Province have been flooded by continuous heavy rains and turbulent streams. At one time, the flood in some places was as high as 1 floor, and people were trapped and missing.
/kloc-on the morning of 0/8, a residential building in Liugui Township, Kaohsiung County was buried by a mudslide, and many people were trapped. The local fire department and the public launched emergency rescue, but the 1 1 year-old baby girl still died. On the morning of the same day, three bodies of missing persons were found in Dashe Township, Neimen Township and Qiaotou Township of Kaohsiung County.
At present, Taichung City, Taichung County, Changhua County, Nantou County, Alishan Township of Chiayi County and Penghu County have announced 18 that all institutions and schools have stopped working and attending classes.
Traffic disruption in Xiapu, Fujian
The 7th strong tropical storm "Seagull" landed on the coast of Changchun Town, Xiapu County, Fujian Province on 18. The maximum wind force near the center is 10, and the wind speed is 25m/s. In the future, the storm center will continue to move to the northwest.
When "Seagull" came to Xiapu, the dark clouds wrapped by the strong tropical storm hung low over the head of Xiapu County, and the roaring sea breeze shook the glass window of Xiapu County Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters, but the rain outside the window was not very heavy. Lin Jianjun, secretary of the Xiapu County Party Committee who directed the anti-Taiwan campaign at the scene, said that the rainfall was only 20-40 mm 24 hours before the "Seagull" landed.
Less than an hour after "Seagull" landed, the rain in Xiapu County gradually increased, and all traffic lines leading to other parts of Xiapu, such as expressway, national highway and maritime passenger routes, were blocked. At present, Xiapu County has entered a state of emergency anti-Taiwan disaster relief, and county cadres have taken the rain to transfer the affected people. Before the "Seagull" landed, more than 3,000 local fishing boats in Xiapu County had returned to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind. /kloc-more than 0/000 foreign ships have also safely hid in Xiapu Sansha Port.
Nearly 200,000 people in Fujian and Zhejiang moved.
By 18, 4,775 women, children and 24,493 main laborers on fishing rafts in Ningde, Fuzhou, Putian, Quanzhou and other places on the north coast of Chongwu, Fujian Province had all been safely evacuated, and 4,775 ships engaged in offshore production had all returned to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind. Wenzhou, Taizhou, Ningbo and Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province * * * transferred 1.7 million people and returned to Hong Kong with 26,588 sheltered vessels.
The Fujian Provincial Department of Education issued an urgent notice on June 5438+08, requiring all schools that are still in class or holding various training courses and cram schools to adjust their curriculum arrangements and suspend classes during the typhoon.