It will be checked out. The following are the physical examination standards for your reference.

The items and precautions for the physical examination for recruiting pilots

(1) Ophthalmology

Eye examinations are generally conducted in bright rooms and dark rooms depending on the items. The first visit to the eye exam takes place in the bright room. Check distance vision, near vision, color vision and outer eyes. The second ophthalmological examination for phoria was performed in the ophthalmic darkroom. The third time I entered the ophthalmology department, I first checked my dilated distance vision in the bright room, then ordered mydriatic medicine, and checked the refractive stroma, diopter, and fundus in the dark room.

Vision examination Only distance vision examination is introduced here. For distance vision examination, the unaided visual acuity of both eyes was above 1.0 using the Air Force ring eye chart. When checking vision, the student to be tested sits in a designated position, faces the eye chart, holds an eye shield in his left hand to cover his left eye, and checks his right eye. Stretch your right hand straight forward, put your five fingers together, look at the direction of the notch indicated by the doctor, make a gesture, and then quickly return to the original position. When checking the left eye, use the right hand to hold the eye shield to cover the right eye, and use the left hand to make gestures. The visual target gap in the eye chart is divided into eight directions, namely directly above, directly below, directly right, directly left, upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right. The direction of the gap must be pointed accurately, the gesture must be large, and the direction of indication must be accurate. The eye shield is not allowed to be opened during the inspection. Excessive mental stress can cause vision loss. You can do some light activities to relax your body before the examination. Excessive fatigue and lack of sleep can cause vision loss, and the effects of these factors should be avoided as much as possible.

Poor vision is mainly caused by refractive error. Other factors that affect vision include illumination, mental stress, lack of sleep, hypoxia, eye fatigue, lens, vitreous opacity, eye trauma, fundus diseases, etc. Young students' vision changes to a certain extent in a short period of time, and sometimes they suffer from jet lag. Generally speaking, the intraocular muscles have strong ability to mediate and can maintain good vision even with minor refractive errors. However, as you get older, your mediation ability decreases and your vision gradually gets worse. Therefore, although the visual acuity on both sides is above 1.0, those whose refractive power exceeds a certain value cannot be trained as pilots. Some people with poor visual acuity, although they barely reach 1.0 after reexamination, will eventually be dismissed because the refractive index exceeds the standard after dilation. disuse.

Diopter is the concentration of light by the eyeball. We have learned about the refraction of light in high school physics class. Parallel light rays entering the eye are converged, and the focus falls in front of the retina, which is called myopia. The human eye's process of light aggregation is much more complex than the principle of a convex lens. Human refractive power depends on the distance between light entering the eye and reaching the retina, the distance between the refractive surface (corneal surface, front and back of the lens) and refractive body (anterior chamber fluid, lens, vitreous body) and the refractive surface. The refraction test needs to be done in a dark room after dilating the pupil. Electronic refraction is not as detailed and accurate as dilated refraction. In addition to the requirements for visual acuity, the physical examination conditions also have strict requirements for refraction. Good vision and refraction exceeding the standard are not qualified.

Hyphoria examination is used to check the imbalance of extraocular muscles. Phophoria is an imbalance of the extraocular muscles. Strabismus is often referred to as "squint". There is no essential difference between heterophoria and manifest strabismus, but due to normal fusion function control, single vision of both eyes can still be maintained without any deviation. Once the fusion function is disturbed, visual deviation will occur. When fatigued, symptoms such as diplopia (double vision), poor concentration, and unclear vision may occur. Inaccuracies in visual inspection and errors in judgment may occur during flight, which may affect the flight. Our country's physical examination for flight recruitment has strict regulations on the degree of phoria. The highest height detected after three inspections will be used. Except for cases where the key points of control are not mastered, no re-examination will be conducted.

The subject looks through the binoculars of the phoria meter with both eyes at the light source in front (a light spot is visible in one eye and a strip of light is visible in the other eye), and the knob is adjusted so that the light spot coincides with the light, and the phoria is The number indicated by the meter is the degree of phoria. The internal and external phoria and the upper and lower phoria are checked three times each. During inspection, be sure to keep your eyes focused on the light source in front of you; do not make repeated corrections after the adjustment point and line coincide. If you rotate the knob in one direction and the distance between the point and the line becomes larger and larger, then rotate in the opposite direction.

Color vision test In addition to the visual function, the eyes also have a color vision function, that is, the ability to distinguish colors. Color blindness and color weakness are the loss or reduction of the ability to distinguish certain colors. Colored markers, sign lights, and warning lights will not be discernible during flight, and some ground operations will also be restricted. People who are color blind or color weak should not hide or avoid this physiological defect. The color vision test is performed by identifying numbers, letters, and patterns in the color vision chart. Examinations are conducted individually, using different color vision maps.

(2) Otolaryngology

Undergraduate examinations are conducted in three examination rooms, which examine the otolaryngology and oral cavity, ear pressure function, hearing, smell and vestibular function (swivel chair test) ). The ear cavity, nasal cavity and oral cavity are called general examinations, and other items are special examinations. General examinations are carried out first, and special examinations are interspersed with other department examinations. During the general examination, students sit opposite the doctor. The doctor focuses the light through the forehead mirror on the ear cavity and nasal cavity to observe the external auditory canal, tympanic membrane, and various structures in the nasal cavity, and then examines the oral cavity and teeth.

Ear pressure function check The ventilation function of the Eustachian tube is also called the ear pressure function. The middle ear and outer ear are divided by the tympanic membrane. Normal hearing can only be maintained when the air pressure in the middle ear and outer ear is balanced.

When we go down a mountain in a car, we often feel uncomfortable in our ears and our hearing decreases. This is due to the imbalance of air pressure in the middle ear and outer ear. When the pressure inside and outside the tympanic membrane is consistent, sound waves vibrate the external auditory canal side of the tympanic membrane to feel the sound. If the pressure inside and outside the tympanic membrane is the same, but the sound waves vibrate both sides of the tympanic membrane at the same time, no sound will be felt. When firing, if you open your mouth wide, the Eustachian tube orifice will be open, and the inside and outside of the tympanic membrane will be vibrated by the sound of the gun at the same time, which can prevent damage to the tympanic membrane. This is also why you may not hear any sound when you yawn. When a person's Eustachian tube is blocked for some reason, they lose the ability to regulate pressure. When the plane descends (especially below 4,000 meters), the external air pressure gradually increases, compressing the eardrum and causing hearing loss. Some may cause barometric damage. In more serious cases, the eardrum may rupture. People with poor ear pressure function cannot be pilots. When checking the ear pressure function, you should cooperate with the doctor in pinching your nose and blowing air. You should pay attention to preventing colds at ordinary times, do not smoke, and do not drink alcohol.

The swivel chair test is a test to check vestibular function. People's vestibular function is involved in people's orientation and balance. Low vestibular function is prone to illusions, while sensitive vestibular function is prone to motion sickness, which is often referred to as motion sickness, seasickness, and airsickness. The swivel chair examination can provide a preliminary understanding of whether there is motion sickness. Doing more related exercises can reduce the sensitivity of the vestibule, which is conducive to the smooth passing of this examination. During the examination, the subject sits on a swivel chair, fastens the seat belt, sits upright, puts the head in the head bracket, holds the armrests with both hands, puts the feet on the footrest, closes the eyes, and listens to the metronome. The voice shook his head from side to side. When swinging the head, move from left-middle-right-middle-left...continuously without pause. After mastering the head-shaking command, start the electric swivel chair and rotate it at a rotation speed of two seconds. Stop rotating after 45 turns. After a few seconds, open your eyes, unbuckle your seat belt, put your feet on the ground, and return to your original sitting position. Go up and observe for half an hour.

Overcome fear and build confidence before the swivel chair examination. If you feel unwell or have a fever, you should proactively report it to your doctor and postpone the examination. It is not advisable to perform the test when you have just eaten (full stomach) or when you are hungry. Dizziness (feeling of flipping) may occur soon after the rotation starts. This is normal and should be continued. When swinging your head, you should follow the rhythm of the metronome, not fast and slow. Vomiting after the observation period should also be reported to the doctor.

Smell test Compared with some animals, human sense of smell is much worse. Human senses of smell and taste complement each other. Some people have done such an experiment. They held their noses and ate apples and then radish. The feeling was very similar. But it feels far worse if I don’t pinch my nose. The significance of the sense of smell is not only the identification of smells, but nasal diseases and brain diseases are often related to the sense of smell. The olfactory examination is performed on both sides separately. The subject closed his eyes and used his right index finger to press the right nose to block the right nostril. The examiner selects a medicine bottle, points the mouth of the medicine bottle at the subject's left nostril, about 1.5 cm away, and asks the subject to inhale through the left nostril to identify the odor. Repeat the above process with another medicine; then repeat the above inspection with the right nostril. If you have a lot of nasal discharge during the examination, you should blow your nose first. If your nose is blocked, you should explain the situation to your doctor and check again after spraying the medicine.

Hearing examination Hearing is a way for people to receive information and is also the basis of language ability. After normal people lose their hearing, they will gradually lose their ability to speak. If you lose your hearing since childhood, you will not learn to speak. Hearing loss is mostly caused by inflammation of the middle ear. There are also some injuries caused by noise to the eardrum. With the development of my country's economy, noise pollution will become more and more serious. Improper use of home audio and earphone recorders will also cause damage to people's hearing. In addition to intensity, people's perception of sound also includes frequency (pitch). Through the audiometer, the lowest intensity of pure tone perception of various frequencies is detected to determine whether there is any hearing loss. Hearing tests are done in a quiet room or soundproof room. The subject puts on the headphones, holds the switch with his right hand, aligns his thumb with the button, and listens to the sound in the headphones. When he hears a (slight) sound from the headphones, he presses the button, then releases it, and listens for the next sound. Generally first the left ear and then the right ear. During the inspection, you should keep absolutely quiet, pay high attention, and listen carefully to the sound in the headphones, because the intensity of each frequency inspection is very small at the beginning and the sound is extremely subtle. The sound in the earphones comes out from time to time. Press the button again when you really hear it.

In addition, during the examination, you must truthfully answer the questions asked by the doctor. Some students deceive doctors by telling the truth that they often get motion sickness, thinking that they can get away with it. Those who often get motion sickness cannot pass the swivel chair test and conceal their medical history and will eventually be eliminated. You must cooperate with the doctor's examination, open your mouth as wide as possible, and bite your back teeth when you bite your teeth. Do not spit the medicine out when you spray it into your mouth. You must follow the disease prevention and treatment measures prescribed by the doctor, otherwise you may be eliminated during the review after the college entrance examination.

(3) Surgery and Dermatology

Undergraduate examination includes two parts: surgery and dermatology. Surgical examination is divided into measurements and systemic examination. Students first take off their clothes in the locker room and then enter the testing room for measurements, including weight, length, sitting height, leg length, arm length, chest circumference, vital capacity, grip strength, etc. Those who are too tall, too short, sit too high, or have insufficient legs or arms are not conducive to flying and will be eliminated. When Chinese youth turn 18, their limbs basically stop developing, but if they sit taller, their weight will increase. Physical conditions have fully taken this into account, and the standards for body measurement are both strict and reasonable.

After the measurements are completed, students enter the testing room to check their physical fitness. Physical evaluation is an important part of surgery. Physique is a general term for the development of the body and the functional status of various organs. It is mainly measured from three aspects: first, body shape, mainly bone development. Then there is physique, which generally refers to muscles and fat. Finally, there is the function of each organ. Generally speaking, it focuses on the external form. Poor physical fitness manifests as a thin body, soft and weak muscles, slender bones, slender neck, drooping shoulders, abnormal thorax, hyperextension of the elbow joint, and disproportionate length and weight. Another focus of surgical examination is the joints of the limbs. spine. The joints of the limbs should be symmetrical, the length should meet the standards, and the functions should be normal. The spine has no scoliosis, normal physiological curvature, and unrestricted movement. The anus, external genitalia, subcutaneous tissue, lymph nodes, and hernias are all within the scope of surgery. The surgical examination also includes movement tests of the spine and limbs, flexion, extension, lateral bending, and rotation of the neck and waist; movements of the shoulders, elbows, wrists, and finger joints of the upper limbs in all directions; squatting, walking, and squatting of the hips and lower limbs. , bending the knee and jumping in place, etc. Before the physical examination, students should take a shower and change clothes. When taking body measurements, students should stand and sit in a correct posture according to the staff's requirements. When measuring body length, the heels should not be lifted off the ground, and when measuring sitting height, do not intentionally straighten the waist. After a person's body length is determined, the sum of leg length and sitting height is equal to body length. When the sitting height increases, the leg length becomes shorter accordingly. Those with excessive sitting height and insufficient leg length will be eliminated.

The dermatology department mainly examines skin diseases. Skin diseases themselves pose no direct hazard to flying. However, some stubborn skin diseases will cause mental pain, and infectious skin diseases can easily cause infection and spread.

(4) Internal Medicine

Internal medicine examination is performed after general examination by surgery, ophthalmology, and otolaryngology. After students enter the internal medicine examination room, they should first take off thicker tops such as cotton-padded clothes and sit quietly for 5-10 minutes. Roll up the sleeve of your right arm to 13 cm above the elbow, ask about the relevant medical history, tie the sphygmomanometer capsule to measure the blood pressure, and then measure the pulse. The student lies supine on the examination bed, unbuttons his clothes and loosens his belt, bends his legs naturally, first auscultates the heart and lungs and then touches the liver and spleen. When touching the liver and spleen, the student should do abdominal breathing, that is, when inhaling, the abdomen should be inflated and when exhaling The abdomen is depressed, and then the kidneys are touched in an upright position.

Try not to do physical activity before the internal medicine examination and relax mentally to avoid fluctuations in blood pressure, faster pulse and stronger heart murmurs. When measuring blood pressure, relax your whole body and do not strain or clench your fists. Breathe naturally and do not talk while auscultating the heart. When touching the liver and spleen, listen to the doctor's instructions and breathe, and do not exert force on your abdominal muscles. In order to successfully pass the internal medicine test, some students secretly take medicine before the examination. This is not advisable. After taking the medicine, the blood pressure is lower than the normal standard and the pulse pressure difference exceeds the standard. They will not pass the test. The medicine also affects other examination items. Don't do this. Do. People with high blood pressure often have headaches and dizziness. Low blood pressure can also cause the above-mentioned symptoms, as well as dark eyes, fainting, etc. during flight. This is caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain. This is also the reason why we may get black eyes or fall when we stand up suddenly when we squat or sit for a long time in summer. Some students are so eager to become pilots that they feel too nervous, causing high blood pressure and rapid heart rate. Flying is a special profession, and you cannot be a pilot if you are too nervous. Strong heart murmur does not necessarily mean heart disease, but the possibility of heart disease cannot be ruled out. Under the physical examination and conditions for recruitment, it is impossible for everyone to undergo further examinations, and students who have been eliminated should not carry ideological baggage. Some students find more precontractions during auscultation, which does not meet the requirements of pilots. You must know that precontractions do not occur at all times, but once found, as long as they exceed the standard, they will not be qualified and will not be reexamined. There are many reasons for a large liver, such as thinness, malnutrition, liver disease, environment and air pollution, etc. Hepatomegaly does not necessarily mean hepatitis or liver disease.

(5) Neurology

In the eyes of many people, neurology is relatively mysterious. This is because everyone does not understand neurology. You must know that all human activities (including voluntary activities and involuntary activities) are controlled by the nervous system. Nervous diseases and mental diseases are completely different and are only related in one aspect. Take "language" as an example. Human language expression is controlled by the "language motor center" of the brain, and the relevant muscles and organs cooperate skillfully and move together to complete it. However, the confusion of language and meaning beyond ordinary logic, exaggeration, delusions, etc., fall into the category of mental illness. Many people think that abnormal behavior is "crazy", which is a big mistake. It should be said that the neuropsychiatric condition of most students is normal. Some individuals may have underlying diseases in their nervous system, which must be discovered in cooperation with a doctor.

The contents of the neuropsychiatric examination are relatively large and extensive, including neurological, psychiatric and family history, the individual's reaction ability, understanding ability, thinking ability, memory, expression ability, emotion, muscle, movement, Reflexes, pathological signs, sensation, economic movement, autonomic nervous system, etc. Human senses are very complex. Human vision, hearing, smell, taste, and vestibular sense were introduced earlier. Humans also have general senses such as pain, temperature, touch, and position sense, as well as complex cortical senses such as shape sense, two-point discrimination sense, and weight sense. The neuropsychiatric examination is mainly divided into two parts. One is to understand the medical history through conversation and part of the examination content. The second is to discover relevant signs through systemic examination. Students must be naked or wearing only shorts during the examination. Be calm and don't be nervous. Be honest and frank when describing and answering relevant questions. Do not intentionally exaggerate, nor deliberately conceal or avoid. You must speak responsibly and answer your medical history based on the first time. During the inspection, cooperate in all ways and do not dodge.

Do not spread specific content among other students after the physical examination.

(6) Auxiliary examination

In addition to the above-mentioned examinations, there are also auxiliary examinations for the physical examination. Auxiliary examinations are divided into routine items, which everyone must check, such as laboratory tests, electrocardiogram, heart function, chest X-ray, chest X-ray, B-ultrasound, and electroencephalogram. Non-routine examinations are generally requested on an ad hoc basis based on the needs of each doctor. Except for the mild pain caused by drawing venous blood and collecting ear blood, the routine auxiliary examination items are painless and non-injurious.

Laboratory tests include blood routine, urine routine, stool routine, liver function, Australian antibodies, etc. Aokang is hepatitis B surface antigen, which was first discovered in Australia and is referred to as Aokang. A positive Australian antibody is a sign of infection with hepatitis B virus. Being infected with hepatitis B virus does not mean you have hepatitis B. The test specimens are usually collected after getting up on the second day of the physical examination. Urine and stool samples must be kept by yourself, and blood samples must be collected by staff. The night before the test, clean the urethral opening to avoid contaminating the urine specimen. After getting up in the morning, collect 20-30 ml of mid-section urine. Retention method: First urinate a part of the urine, and then use a specimen bottle to collect it. Use a wooden pole to collect 3-4 grams of fresh stool, and rinse the rest with water. Venous blood collection and ear blood collection are performed as soon as possible.

Students who go to the station for physical examination should drink more boiled water to prevent the body from being dehydrated, causing urine and blood to become concentrated. Be sure to keep enough stool specimens, otherwise they will dry out quickly and become unavailable for testing. Do not eat sweets or canned fruit the night before the test. If you feel dizzy or weak during blood drawing, you should sit down and rest to prevent injury from falling.

Electrocardiogram and cardiac function test. Electrocardiogram and cardiac function test can be done separately, or the electrocardiogram can be done and then the cardiac function test can be done. An electrocardiogram is a device that amplifies and records the micro-electrical activity of the heart itself through the skin to a machine to analyze the heart activity. Do not do physical activities before the examination, do not take medicine, and eliminate nervousness. Lie on your back on the examination bed, unbutton your shirt, fully expose your chest, relax your whole body, and breathe calmly. The cardiac function test analyzes whether there is heart dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, heart rhythm disorder, etc. after exercise. During the examination, tie the sphygmomanometer capsule on your right upper arm, pull out the connecting thread, hold the inflatable capsule in your right hand, and do up and down steps according to the rhythm of the metronome for 3 minutes. Immediately lie in bed and measure the blood pressure 1 minute after exercise, record the electrocardiogram for 2 minutes, and then measure the blood pressure 3 minutes later. When doing an electrocardiogram, your whole body must be relaxed and your limbs must not move arbitrarily. The exercise test should be carried out according to the rhythm, neither fast nor slow. Put on your clothes immediately after the examination to prevent catching a cold.

X-ray examination Routine X-ray examination only requires chest X-ray and chest X-ray. Other X-ray examinations are performed together with the chest X-ray according to the needs of each department. X-ray doctors comprehensively analyze lung, heart, pleura, and diaphragm diseases based on each person's chest X-ray and chest X-ray. Some pleura are thickened and adhesions affect the mobility of the diaphragm, limiting respiratory function. Too many calcification points in the lungs, excessive size and adhesion of the diaphragm may cause pneumothorax. There is no danger in working on the ground in these situations, but not as a pilot. During X-ray examination, you should assume various postures as required and do deep breathing exercises. You should not move and hold your breath when the X-ray is taken.

B-ultrasound examination The basic principle of B-ultrasound examination is that ultrasonic waves can penetrate the skin and some of the sound waves will be reflected when they encounter internal organs. According to this principle, the location, size, texture, and new organisms of internal organs are examined. During the physical examination for recruitment, the liver, gallbladder, spleen, and left and right kidneys should be examined. You need to fast from food and water for 8 hours before doing B-ultrasound. The staff will inform the students under inspection of the fasting and drinking times.

Electroencephalography: The bioelectricity in different parts of the brain is reflected to the scalp at the corresponding location. This electrical activity, which is weaker than the electrical activity of the heart, is amplified and recorded, which is called electroencephalography. Epilepsy is commonly known as epilepsy. During a major attack, a sheep-like sound is heard in the mouth, followed by falling to the ground, limbs twitching, foaming at the mouth, and pupils dilated. Epilepsy is one of the central nervous system diseases that is most harmful to flying. The purpose of doing EEG is mainly to detect epilepsy through various induction tests.

Before performing an EEG examination, you must wash your hair and scalp oil to avoid poor electrode contact. To prevent artifacts, you must not fast or take sleeping pills before the EEG examination, and you must have adequate sleep. Do not move your limbs or doze off during the tracing process.