10.2 planting construction quality shall meet the following requirements:
10.2. 1 planting should check the varieties, specifications and planting positions of seedlings according to the requirements of design drawings.
10.2.2 Before planting trees in planting holes, check the size and depth of planting holes. If it does not meet the requirements of the root system, the planting hole should be trimmed.
10.2.3 For Ying Chengyi lines of street trees or trees planted in rows, the specifications of adjacent plants are reasonable, and the height, trunk diameter and tree shape are similar. Trees planted should be upright and not inclined, and supported by columns. At the same time, we should pay attention to the reasonable orientation of the viewing surface.
10.2.4 The planting depth of general trees and shrubs should be the same as the original planting line. Individual trees with fast growth and adventitious roots can be planted at a depth of 5cm~ 10cm, and the soil ball should be slightly higher than the ground when planting evergreen trees; Bamboo can be 5cm deeper than the original planting line. The roots of planting trees must be elongated, and the filling should be layered and practical.
10.2.5 When planting bare-rooted trees, the fill at the bottom of the planting hole should be a semicircle mound. When the trees are filled to 1/2, the trunk should be gently lifted to stretch the roots and fully contact the soil.
10.2.6 Before entering the hole, trees with soil balls must loosen the soil at the bottom of the hole, put the soil balls firmly and erect the trunk, and then dismantle and take out the non-perishable packaging.
10.2.7 planting hedges should retreat from the center to the outside in turn; Slope planting should be planted from top to bottom; When planting large clumps or clumps of different colors, it is advisable to plant them in blocks.
10.2.8 hedge and hedge spacing should be consistent. The plump side of the tree should be outward and evenly matched according to the height of the seedlings and the crown size.
10.2.9 When planting in rockeries or crevices, moisturizing and breathable materials such as moss and peat should be mixed into the planting soil.
10.3 For the planting hole with poor drainage, 10cm~ 15cm gravel or seepage pipe can be laid at the bottom of the hole, and a blind ditch can be added to facilitate drainage.
10.4 The supporting, fixing and watering of trees shall meet the following requirements:
After planting 10.4. 1, an irrigation cofferdam with a height of 15cm~20cm should be built around the planting hole with a slightly larger diameter, and the weir body should be built without water leakage.
10.4.2 planting trees should be fixed with brackets. The support should be firm, the base should be buried below 30 cm, and the place where the trees are tied should be padded, and the trunk should not be worn.
10.4.3 water the newly planted trees for the first time on the same day, the second time in three days and the third time in ten days. After water seepage, the tree hole should be blocked with cofferdam soil in time. When the weir is rebuilt, the root system shall not be destroyed.
10.4.4 When watering, it is necessary to prevent the exposed roots or cofferdams from being washed away by water and leaking. When the soil sinks after watering, which causes the trees to tilt, they should be righted and ridged in time.
10.5 For squares and sidewalks where people gather and distribute more, after planting trees, the planting pond should be paved with breathable materials and fenced.
10.6 Climbing plants should be bound or towed after planting.
When planting in 10.7 growing season, the following technical measures should be taken according to different situations:
10.7. 1 In suitable seasons, seedlings must be cut into rings in advance or treated with container heels.
10.7.2 deciduous trees and shrubs should be pruned vigorously, and some side branches should be cut off. The remaining lateral branches should also be drained or cut short to maintain the original crown shape and appropriately increase the volume of soil balls.
10.7.3 If leaves can be removed, some leaves can be removed, but young axillary buds cannot be harmed.
10.7.4 In summer, measures such as shading, canopy spraying or spraying antitranspirant can be taken to reduce water evaporation; In winter, heat preservation and moisture preservation measures such as winding straw ropes around tree trunks can be taken to prevent wind and cold.
10.7.5 Root-promoting hormone can be sprayed on the roots when digging seedlings, and water-retaining agent can be added when planting.
10.7.6 should be planted in rainy days or in the evening. 12. 1 According to the use function, different site conditions and economic strength of lawn and herb ground cover plants, different grass species and herb ground cover plants should be selected according to local conditions, and the species should be diversified.
12.2 lawn planting can choose sowing, planting, spreading grass blocks, rolling grass, etc. Herbaceous ground cover plants can be planted by sowing and planting separately.
12.3 The sowing of lawn and herb land shall meet the following requirements:
12.3. 1 Warm-season lawn should be planted from May to June; The cool-season lawn should be sown in March-April or August-September; February orchids should be planted in April-May or August-September; Old Carex should be sown in April-May. White clover should be sown in April to May or August to September.
12.3.2 Select excellent and qualified seeds, do germination test and accelerate germination before sowing, and determine reasonable sowing amount.
12.3.3 When sowing, the land should be leveled first, and a slope of 0.3%~0.5% should be reserved for a large area of lawn, then the soil should be loosened, planted after suppression, harrowed to make the seeds mixed with the soil, and then compacted.
12.3.4 after sowing, water should be sprayed in time, the water point should be fine and uniform, the soil layer should be 8cm~ 10cm, and the humidity should be maintained.
12.3.5 spray sowing method can be used for planting on sloping land and large lawn.
12.3.6 The combination of lawn mixed grass seeds should conform to the principle of complementary characters, focusing on the combination according to the indexes such as turf formation speed, growth speed, disease resistance, shade tolerance and green period. Different grass species or different varieties among grass species can be mixed.
12.4 ramet method: this method is used for grass seeds with difficult seed reproduction or grass seeds with developed stolons and rhizomes. In Beijing, this method is often used to plant weeds, bearded sheep, bearded sheep, white clover, Ophiopogon japonicus and Carex.
12.4. 1 planting period: warm-season grasses from May to June, cool-season grasses from April to September, white clover, Ophiopogon japonicus and Carex from April to September.
12.4.2 planting density: 15~20cm× 15~20cm hole sowing; Leymus chinensis (12 ~ 15) cm× (12 ~15) cm hole sowing; Zoysia japonica 1.5 cm row spacing strip planting; Poa pratensis 10cm× 10cm hole sowing; 20cm×20cm hole sowing of creeping bentgrass; White clover 10cm× 10cm hole sowing; Ophiopogon japonicus 10cm× 10cm hole sowing; Carex laoyu 10cm× 10cm hole sowing. The amount of grass in each hole or strip depends on the source of grass and the length of the full coverage date.
12.5 The laying of grass blocks and grass rolls shall meet the following requirements:
12.5. 1 Select the grass source with no weeds, over 95% coverage, pure grass color and good growth potential.
12.5.2 Before digging grass blocks and rolling them, water them properly, and then dig them after infiltration. Digging grass blocks and grass rolls should have neat edges, uniform thickness and close contact.
12.5.3 Straw blocks and rolls shall be separated by cushions during transportation and placed in layers. During transportation and loading and unloading, damage should be prevented. It is not suitable for stacking during transportation, and the tall and straight green grass leaves shall prevail.
12.5.4 The grass blocks and grass rolls shall be laid in a straight and tidy manner with the same height, and must be closely connected with the soil below, leaving no seam. After paving, it needs to be rolled, stabilized and watered in time to keep the soil moist until new leaves begin to grow. 13. 1 general rules
According to the climate characteristics, use functions and site conditions in Beijing, the ground planted flowers with bright colors, neat corolla, large flowers, long flowering period, low height and strong adaptability, extensive management and few pests and diseases are selected according to local conditions.
13.2 planting requirements
13.2. 1 ground-planted flowers should be set out at fixed points according to the design drawings, and the position and contour line should be accurately drawn on the ground. Large flower beds can be enlarged to the ground by grid method.
13.2.2 container seedlings should be used for planting annual and biennial flowers, bulbous flowers and perennial flowers with flowers. When the temperature is higher than 25℃, avoid the high temperature at noon and plant at night.
13.2.3 bare-root seedlings should be planted with the seedlings; Seedlings with soil balls should be watered and infiltrated in the nursery in advance to keep the soil balls intact.
13.2.4 The row spacing of flower seedlings should be determined according to plant height, tiller number and crown cluster size, and it is appropriate to cover the ground after the seedlings grow.
13.2.5 The planting depth should be the original planting depth, without damaging the stems and leaves and keeping the root system intact. The planting depth of bulbous flowers should be 1~2 times that of bulbous flowers. Tubers, tubers and rhizomes can cover 3 cm of soil.
13.2.6 Aquatic flowers should be planted according to different habits. In order to meet the requirements of water depth, planting ponds or flowerpots can be built in the water. When planting, the roots should be firmly buried in the soil to prevent floating. The optimum water depth of main aquatic flowers should meet the requirements in Table 8.
Table 8 Optimum depth of aquatic flowers
The category represents the best water depth (cm) of this category. comment
Swertia can be potted at 0.5 ~ 10.
Lotus and cattail/kloc-within 0/00.
Floating Euryale ferox and 50 ~ 300 water lilies of water lilies can be potted in water.
Duckweed and water hyacinth float on the water, and their roots are not born in the soil.
13.2.7 For floating aquatic flowers, move them into the water surface according to the design requirements.
13.2.8 After planting flowers, clean the site, water it in time, and keep the plants clean.
13.3 planting sequence requirements
13.3. 1 large flower beds should be planted in different regions and blocks.
13.3.2 independent flower beds should be planted outward from the center.
13.3.3 sloping flower beds should be planted from top to bottom.
13.3.4 The mixed planting of flower seedlings with different varieties and heights should be carried out in the order of first height and then height.
13.3.5 When perennial flowers are mixed with annual and biennial flowers, perennial flowers should be planted first, and then annual and biennial flowers should be planted.
13.3.6 For flower beds with patterns, the outline of the pattern should be planted first, and then the inner filling part should be planted. Different varieties should be placed separately, and the colors should not be confused (except special patterns). 8.7 After the seedlings are transported to the site, bare-rooted seedlings should be planted every day, and seedlings that cannot be planted should be replanted in time.
8.8 After the seedlings with soil balls are transported to the construction site, if they cannot be planted on the same day, they should be properly sprayed with water to keep the soil balls moist.
8.9 Precious tree species and seedlings needed in non-tree planting season should be prepared in advance and packed in containers.
8. 10 Transportation shall comply with relevant traffic regulations and go through relevant formalities (such as quarantine certificate) to ensure safety. (excluding ancient trees)
1 1. 1 Transplanting trees with a trunk diameter of more than 20 cm should belong to big tree transplantation.
1 1.2 Preparation before transplanting big trees:
1 1.2. 1 The post personnel for transplanting big trees must be experienced technicians or senior workers who have been trained and qualified by the garden department.
1 1.2.2 before transplanting trees, the growth, site conditions and surrounding environment of transplanted trees should be investigated and studied, and the technical scheme and safety measures for transplanting should be formulated.
1 1.2.3 For trees that need to be transplanted, the ownership transfer and necessary procedures should be completed in accordance with relevant regulations, and the tools, materials and mechanical equipment needed for construction should be prepared. Before construction, we should cooperate with transportation, municipal administration, public utilities, telecommunications and other relevant departments to remove construction obstacles and handle necessary procedures.
1 1.2.4 After selecting the transplanted trees, obvious marks should be made on the south side of the trunk, indicating the sunrise face of the trees, and at the same time, a tree card should be established, including: tree number, tree species, specifications (height, branch point, trunk diameter, crown width), tree age, growth status, tree location and transplanting location. You can also keep photos or videos if necessary.
1 1.2.5 when the tree needs to be transplanted, the roots should be cut off in stages 1 ~2 years before transplantation to prepare for transplantation.
1 1.2.6 The transplanted trees should be free from pests and diseases, obvious mechanical damage, good ornamental value, robust plants, normal growth, and have mechanical energy for hoisting and transportation to meet the site conditions of the transplanted trees.
1 1.3 Tree transplantation shall comply with the following provisions:
1 1.3. 1 Evergreen trees, precious trees and deciduous trees transplanted in the growing season must be transplanted with soil balls (soil platforms). The trunk is 20cm~25cm in diameter, and the transplanted soil ball is1.5m ~1.8m in diameter; When the trunk diameter is 26cm~40cm, the soil platform should be transplanted, and the side length of the soil platform is 1.8m~3m. Generally, the specifications of soil balls and large wooden boxes are 8 times to 10 times of the dry diameter, and the height of soil balls is generally about 4/5 of the diameter of soil balls.
1 1.3.2 When transplanting deciduous trees during dormancy, bare roots should be transplanted with protective soil. The root diameter is 8 times to 10 times of the trunk diameter.
1 1.3.3 For big trees transplanted with soil balls (soil platforms), the broken branches in the transplanting process can be cut off after planting; Bare root transplantation should adopt heavy pruning and cut off 1/2~2/3 branches.
1 1.3.4 When pruning evergreen trees, leave 1cm~2cm stakes, and don't stick the roots to cut them off. When trimming, the cut must be smooth and the cross section should be as narrow as possible. Prune branches more than 2cm, and apply preservatives in time after pruning.
1 1.3.5 For rare tree species and transplanted trees in the growing season, the trunk should be wrapped. And comply with the provisions of 10. 1.
1 1.3.6 When excavating, the roots should be completely cut off, and the incision should be smooth and not split. When transplanting with soil balls, it is necessary to ensure that the soil balls are intact and the back cover is sealed. After the bare roots are dug up, they should be sprayed with humectant or dipped in mud and wrapped with wet grass. Keep the roots moist.
1 1.3.7 During excavation, hoisting and transportation, trunks, branches and roots should be protected to avoid splitting.
1 1.3.8 large mechanical vehicles must be used for loading, unloading and transportation of trees, and the operation shall be strictly in accordance with safety regulations.
1 1.3.9 Pay attention to the orientation of the main viewing surface when planting.
1 1.3. 10 The planting hole size should be increased by 60cm~80cm and the depth by 20cm~30cm compared with the diameter of root system or soil ball. The excavated waste soil should be transported away, and the planting soil and humus soil should be put by the pit for later use.
11.3.11The roots of bare-rooted trees must be stretched, and the split roots must be cut off and cut smoothly. Rooting agent can be applied if conditions permit. When planting a soil ball tree, put the soil ball firmly, then unpack it and take it out for packaging. If the soil ball is loose, you can remove the lower part of the waist rope and untie the upper part and take it out.
1 1.3. 12 backfill soil should be mixed with planting soil and humus soil in a ratio of 7:3. Fertile soil must be fully decomposed and mixed evenly.
1 1.3. 13 The planting depth should be equal to the original soil standard, and the evergreen trees should be slightly higher than the ground by about 5cm, and planted vertically.
1 1.3. 14 After transplanting, solid supports must be set up and tamped by layers to prevent the trees from shaking.
1 1.3. 15 After transplanting trees, full-time technicians should be equipped to do a series of maintenance and management work, such as pruning, germination, spraying, foliar fertilizer, watering, drainage, setting up wind barriers, building shade sheds, wrapping trunks, and preventing cold and insects, before entering normal maintenance and management.
1 1.3.65438+ The contents of the record form shall comply with the provisions in Table 7.
Table 7 Big Tree Transplant Record Table
Date of transplanting DBH in the original planting area.
Person in charge of tree species height construction of the construction unit
Technical measures
Fill in the form on the day of the month.