I. Introduction of Poinsettia
Poinsettia, Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia plants, also known as Christmas flowers, ivory flowers, pepper, poinsettia, poinsettia and so on. , a color-changing foliage plant native to tasco. Poinsettia is usually sixty centimeters to three meters high, and its dark green leaves are about seven to sixteen centimeters long. The top leaves are fiery red, red or white, so they are often mistaken for flowers. The real flowers are among the leaves. The flowering period lasts from1February to February of the following year, and coincides with Christmas and New Year's Day, which is very suitable for the festive atmosphere.
Second, how to raise poinsettia is not easy to die?
1. Mixed soil: loose, fertile and well-drained sandy soil is most suitable for poinsettia cultivation, and the mixed soil of cultivated soil, humus soil and sand is most suitable for potted plants. Generally speaking, 3 parts of garden soil, 3 parts of humus soil, 3 parts of humus soil and 1 part of poinsettia cultivated decomposed cake fertilizer are mixed and used with a small amount of slag.
2. Temperature: Poinsettia likes warmth and is not cold-resistant, and its growth temperature is 18? 25,4? September is 18? 24. September to April of the following year is 13? 16。 Maintain poinsettia in the middle and late September every year, strengthen ventilation, so that plants can gradually adapt to the indoor environment, and keep the room temperature at 15 in winter? 20. If the temperature is too low in winter, the flowers and leaves of poinsettia will be stunted.
3. Illumination: Poinsettia is a short-day plant, which likes sufficient illumination and strong phototropism. It must have sufficient light all year round, especially in the stem and leaf growth period, in order to grow rapidly and luxuriantly. If the light is insufficient, the branches are easy to grow white and get sick. If it is kept in the shade for a long time, it will not bloom and fall in winter. If you want to bloom early or late, you can control the light, give 8 hours of light every day, and it will bloom in 40 days.
4. Fertilization: Poinsettia likes fertile sand. When putting or changing pots, add organic fertilizer and horseshoe slices as base fertilizer. Growth and flowering period, every 10? 15 days, apply 5 times diluted and fully decomposed sesame sauce residue liquid fertilizer once. After autumn, you can also apply/kloc-0 0.3% compound fertilizer once a week for 3 ~ 4 times in a row to promote the discoloration of Poinsettia bracts and flower bud differentiation.
5. Watering: Poinsettia is neither drought-tolerant nor moisture-tolerant, and the control of water is directly related to the growth and development of Poinsettia. Poinsettia should be watered flexibly according to the weather, soil and plant growth. Generally, it is advisable to water the basin soil to keep it moist and not accumulate water. When it is dry, it is easy to fall off because its leaves are yellow. After poinsettia blooms, water should be reduced.
6. Plastic surgery: Poinsettia was dormant around Tomb-Sweeping Day. At this time, it is necessary to change pots, cut off old roots and weak branches, and let it sprout new technologies. In the process of growing up, we need to choose two hearts, the first in late June and the second in mid-August. When the branches of Christmas red grow to 20. When it is 30 cm, it begins to shape and bend, making the plant short, the flower heads neat and evenly distributed, and improving its ornamental value. In cultivation, plant growth regulators should be used to dwarf the height of plants to meet the requirements of consistent height of commercial flowers.
7. Pests and diseases: Poinsettia is susceptible to diseases and diseases such as gray mold, root rot, stem rot and leaf spot. In the process of greenhouse cultivation, attention should be paid to ventilation, frequent loosening of soil and control of fertilizer and water. In order to prevent pests and diseases. If pests and diseases have occurred, corresponding measures should be taken to prevent them, such as spraying corresponding chemicals.
Third, what should I do if the potted poinsettia rots and dies?
1. cultivated land. The soil quality of poinsettia planting requires loose and fertile soil, good drainage and strong ventilation. In general, it is best to use artificial media. If cultivated in a substrate with heavy viscosity and poor air permeability, the root system will rot and die.
2. Improper watering. Poinsettia is strict with water. The demand for water is different in different growth periods. In the early stage of bud germination, the amount of watering should not be too much. In summer, it grows fast, with lush foliage, high temperature and large amount of watering; Drainage in time in case of rainstorm: after entering the greenhouse in late autumn, plant growth slows down. The amount of watering can be gradually reduced.
3. Disease occurs. Poinsettia is easy to get sick if it is not properly maintained. Prevention should take precedence over disease. Once the disease is found, relevant chemicals should be sprayed in time to prevent it.
Fourth, what should I pay attention to when raising poinsettia?
(1) Poinsettia should use acidic soil with a PH of about 6, and the pots should be turned 1 time every spring. First of all, the branches of the old plants should be pruned again, leaving only 2-3 nodes at the base of each branch, and the rest should be pruned. Trim the old roots properly when turning over the pots, replace them with fertile culture soil, water them in warm and humid places, move the new leaves to the sunny place after they are released, and apply 1 times diluted liquid fertilizer every 20 days or so.
(2) In the early growth stage of poinsettia branches, 3-4 stout branches are selected in each pot as needed, and the rest are cut off, which is called fixing the head. Its branches grow faster and tend to grow taller, while potted plants should not be too high, so they should be shaped with "bending". When the branch grows to 15-20cm, it should be bent with lead wire or rope. The work should be finished in a sunny afternoon. Don't water it for one or three days before bending, so as to reduce the cell swelling pressure of the stem and prevent the branches from becoming brittle and easy to break.
(3) Poinsettia is a plant that likes the sun, likes the temperature and is afraid of the cold, so we should pay attention to keep warm in winter to avoid being attacked by freezing injury and cold wind, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow and fall off, which will affect the appreciation. Pot soil should always be moist, too wet will also cause deciduous leaves.
(4) Petals fall off and leaves burn: indoor air humidity is too low at high temperature. Poinsettia likes humid environment and can be sprayed on leaves frequently.
(5) Leaves that do not wither fall off: the room temperature is too low, or the place where plants are placed is blown by overheated or supercooled wind, and the light is too weak.
(6) Leaves fall off and flowers wither: too much water will damage the root system. Water it thoroughly once, and then water it when the soil in the basin is dry.
5. What is the function of cultivating poinsettia?
1. ornamental function: poinsettia has beautiful leaves, bright colors and long flowering period, which coincides with Christmas, New Year's Day and Spring Festival. Red adds to the festive atmosphere. Decorate poinsettia with patterns on holidays, and the effect is very good.
2. Home decoration: In addition to beautiful furniture and some furnishings, potted plants, bonsai and flower arrangements can be used as the interior decoration of family rooms, which will have a unique flavor, not only bringing a strong atmosphere of life to the room, but also making people feel happy and comfortable. Poinsettia's unique and delicate red bracts are dazzling and attractive. When decorating the window sill, balcony or study, cover it with red, which is beautiful.
3. Fengshui function: Poinsettia is colorful, because it blooms on New Year's Day and Spring Festival, so it has a beautiful meaning of celebrating the whole world and wishing a new life. At this time, it is easy to bring good luck to the family when it is used in the living room and other places at home.
4. Medicinal value: Poinsettia is cool and bitter. Has the effects of regulating menstruation, stopping bleeding, promoting blood circulation, resolving phlegm and reducing swelling. It is mainly used for treating menorrhagia, cold and cough, traumatic injury, traumatic hemorrhage, fracture and traumatic swelling. Choosing a proper amount of poinsettia can treat functional uterine bleeding and traumatic swelling.
6. When does poinsettia blossom?
Flowering period of poinsettia:
10 to April of the following year.
This is its normal flowering period. Besides, its flowering period can be modulated. Many flower lovers have done experiments and there is no problem at all. How to control the flowering period of poinsettia has been introduced in detail in the Flower Encyclopedia before, so I won't elaborate here.
Maintenance before and after flowering:
Flower bud differentiation stage: at this time, the suitable temperature of poinsettia must be higher than 15 degrees, otherwise it will seriously affect the growth of its leaves and flowers.
Flowering period: The most important thing is to have a good ventilation environment when flowering.
Sunshine: flower bud differentiation and flower blooming are inseparable from sunshine, so it is best to receive sunshine all day. At this time, if there is not enough sunshine, the color of flowers will not be as bright and dim as before, and it will easily lead to pests and diseases. If it is placed in a place where the sun cannot shine for a long time, it will directly lead to no flowering period. If you want to extend the flowering time, sunshine can be a good helper. Let the plants bask in the sun for at least 8 to 9 hours every day.
Fertilizer: Fertilize once every 10 day to 15 day at flowering stage. When autumn comes, shorten the fertilization interval, fertilize once a week, and fertilize continuously for 3 ~ 4 times, and resume normal fertilization.
Watering: Poinsettia is drought-resistant, but not moisture-proof. Be sure to water it well. After bloom, water should be reduced appropriately, and the soil should not be too wet or too dry.
Seven, poinsettia flower language and legend
The legend of poinsettia
According to legend, in ancient times, in the south of Mexico City, there was a village with fertile land and abundant water resources. Agriculture and animal husbandry are prosperous and people live and work in peace and contentment. One summer, a sudden mudslide happened, and a boulder cut off the water source, causing serious water shortage and dry land in this area. At this time, there was a brave man in the village named Pols Rima. Regardless of his personal safety, he chisels stones day and night to get water. Finally, the boulder was cut through, and the clear spring rushed out like a tiger. Rima of Polce was washed away by the water because of fatigue. People looked everywhere, but no one saw it. Time passed day by day, and one day, a herder found a beautiful flower with bright red top leaves by the river. This incident alarmed the villagers. They said: This flower is very similar to Rima of Polce. She liked to wear a red coat before her death. People named this flower "Polce Rima Flower" to commemorate those who gave their lives to fetch water. This legendary flower is called "Poinsettia" today.
The flower language of poinsettia
In the severe winter when all the leaves and fruits of other trees are lost, only this tree is still flourishing and bears red fruits. This kind of tree is like an oasis in the desert for people who are tired of the long winter. So its flower language means "oasis". Anyone born with this flower has a kind heart to comfort people. If you point this heart at a specific person, he or she will immediately become your prisoner.