A few days ago, I learned from the Eye Center of Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine that since May, the center has done more than 300 cases of myopia laser treatment, twice as much as usual and the same period last year. According to Wang Yuliang, director of the center, the main reason for the sharp increase in the number of myopia patients is that a group of middle school graduates with myopia have successfully passed the physical examination.
Since the emergence of laser therapy for myopia, it has been more and more accepted by the majority of myopia patients. But experts believe that the safest thing for nearsighted people at present is to wear glasses. If myopia has no obvious effect on them, it is best not to do laser surgery, because laser treatment is surgery after all, as long as it is surgery, there are certain risks. Moreover, laser treatment of myopia is a new thing. Although no complications have been found yet, it is hard to say what will happen in a few decades.
Experts believe that it is not advisable for middle school students to make up for myopia, because middle school graduates are now in a state of intense study, and a series of examinations such as mydriasis and optometry before operation will delay their study. And for people with high myopia (above 600 degrees), there must be a certain recovery period after surgery. The deeper the degree, the longer the recovery period, and the eyes can't see things during the recovery period, which will further affect learning. Students who must do laser treatment for myopia can be treated in advance in winter and summer vacations.
Is it safe to treat myopia with laser?
Excimer laser therapy for myopia was first used in clinic by American doctors in 1985. It developed rapidly in recent years and was introduced to China in the early 1990s. Excimer laser treatment of high, medium and low myopia is far superior to previous refractive surgery, so it has attracted the attention of ophthalmologists all over the world. But there are still many people who have doubts about this, fearing that their eyes will be punctured and burned.
Generally speaking, excimer laser is ultraviolet light with short wavelength, which has photochemical effect rather than thermal effect with biological tissues, so it will not cause thermal damage, let alone burn.
In addition, some people are worried about piercing the eyeball, which is unnecessary. Excimer laser has short wave length and weak penetration, and each pulse can only cut the depth of 0.25um, which is horizontal cutting under the cell, so the cutting is extremely accurate and it is impossible to pierce the eyeball.
Some people worry that it will hurt other parts of the eyes, which is also a concern, because excimer lasers have infrared tracking systems. When your eyeball deflects beyond the normal range, the laser will automatically stop shooting to ensure the safety of treatment.
The principle of laser treatment of myopia is: because the anterior and posterior diameter of the eyeball is too long or the anterior surface of the eyeball is too convex, the external light can not accurately converge on the fundus, which leads to myopia. Excimer laser corneal refractive treatment technology (PRK and LASIK technology) uses the computer-controlled excimer laser beam to slightly flatten the anterior surface of the eyeball, so that the external light can accurately converge and image on the fundus, thus achieving the purpose of correcting myopia.
Excimer laser is an invisible ultraviolet beam excited by a mixture of fluorine and argon. It is a kind of cold laser, which can accurately ablate the desired part of the human cornea without damaging the surrounding tissues and other tissues and organs.
Laser treatment of myopia requires examination first.
When you decide to have laser surgery for myopia, you must have a comprehensive and systematic eye examination, including:
1. Vision examination: including the vision without glasses and the best corrected vision with glasses. 2. Refractive examination: it includes three steps: initial examination, mydriasis optometry and re-examination. Whether the optometry degree is correct or not directly affects the surgical effect. 3. Examination of anterior segment and fundus: focus on whether there is scar in the transparent part of cornea, whether the lens is turbid, and whether there is vitreous opacity and fundus lesions in fundus examination. 4. Intraocular pressure examination: exclude the possibility of high intraocular pressure and glaucoma. 5. Corneal curvature examination: exclude the possibility of keratoconus and flat cornea. 6. Measurement of corneal thickness: the thickness of corneal center is less than 500. If the patient is highly myopic, pay attention to the cutting depth of corneal center before operation and explain the relevant situation to the patient. 7. Examination of corneal topography: The main purpose is to remove the regularity and symmetry of the whole corneal surface except for various abnormal factors. 8. Stop wearing contact lenses two weeks before the operation.
Experts point out that the population suitable for excimer laser treatment is 18 to 50 years old, with myopia of 150 to 2000 degrees, or astigmatism of 100 to 400 degrees and hyperopia of 200 to 800 degrees in recent two years.
People with systemic diseases such as infectious inflammation, keratoconus, glaucoma, cataract, fundus lesions or diabetes and collagen diseases are not suitable for excimer laser therapy.
Expert warning:/kloc-laser treatment for myopia under 0/8 years old may be done in vain. Not long ago, a survey from Shanghai Ruijin, Changhai and other hospitals showed that students accounted for the vast majority of patients seeking excimer laser treatment for myopia, especially high school students, and the number of outpatient visits was increasing day by day. In this regard, experts remind: excimer laser treatment of myopia,1teenagers under 8 years old is not suitable.
According to experts, in order to ensure safety and effectiveness, excimer laser treatment of myopia requires that the patient's refractive state is stable before operation and the corrected vision is above 0.5. Accordingly, the best age for surgery should be 25 to 35 years old. Teenagers under 65 years old, 438+08 are in the physical growth period, and the diopter of their eyes is unstable. If you operate blindly, your vision is likely to deteriorate after one or two years, which will seriously affect the expected curative effect and fail.