L know the main switch of power supply and learn to turn it off in an emergency.
2. Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products).
3. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth.
4. Unplug the electrical appliance after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape.
5. Find someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock.
6. Don't remove or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.
How to use electrical appliances safely?
Nowadays, TV sets, refrigerators, washing machines, electric irons, hair dryers, electric fans and other household appliances are increasingly entering the family. When using household appliances, besides using electricity safely, we should also pay attention to the following points:
1. All kinds of household appliances have different uses and use different methods, some of which are more complicated. General household appliances should be studied and used under the guidance of parents, and dangerous appliances should not be used alone.
2. If there is smoke, sparks, burning smell, etc. , should immediately turn off the electrical appliances and stop using them.
3. Electric appliances such as hair dryers, rice cookers, electric irons and electric heaters will emit high heat when in use. Pay attention to stay away from flammable items such as paper and cotton cloth to prevent fire; At the same time, pay attention to avoid burns when using.
4. Avoid using electrical appliances in humid environment (such as toilet), and don't let electrical appliances get wet, which will not only damage electrical appliances, but also cause electric shock.
5. Fan blades of electric fans, dehydration cylinders of washing machines, etc. Rotate at high speed when working, and do not touch with hands or other objects to avoid injury.
6. In case of thunderstorm, please stop using the TV and unplug the outdoor antenna to prevent lightning strike.
7. Electrical appliances are easy to be damaged by moisture corrosion after being put on hold for a long time, so they need to be carefully checked before being reused.
8. When purchasing household appliances, you should choose qualified products with reliable quality.
How to pay attention to safety in indoor activities?
There are many seemingly small things that deserve students' attention when they are doing indoor activities at home, otherwise, they are prone to danger. This mainly includes the following aspects:
Length anti-collision device. At present, the living room space of most families is relatively small, and many household items such as furniture are placed, so don't chase and fight in the living room, do strenuous sports and games to prevent bumping and injury.
2. Anti-skid and anti-fall. The living room floor is relatively smooth, so attention should be paid to prevent slipping and injury; When you need to climb up to clean and pick up things, please ask others to protect you and pay attention to prevent you from falling.
3. prevent falling. If you live in a building, especially a high-rise building, don't lean out of the balcony or window to avoid the danger of falling.
4. Reverse extrusion. Doors and windows of the living room, doors and drawers of furniture are easy to cover your hands when opening and closing, so be careful everywhere.
5. Fire prevention. There are many flammable items in the room, such as wooden furniture, bedding curtains, books, etc., so pay attention to fire prevention. Don't play with fire casually in the room, let alone set off firecrackers in the room.
6. Prevent accidents and injuries. Sharp tools such as screwdrivers, knives and scissors, and stationery such as pushpins and pins should be properly stored after use. It should not be placed on the bed or chair at will to avoid accidental injury.
What should I do if I get burned?
If burns occur in life, the following measures can be taken:
Length For mild burns with slight redness and swelling, you can rinse them repeatedly with cold water and apply some cool oil.
2. If there are blisters on the burn, don't break them. You can rub alcohol around the blisters and wrap them with clean gauze.
3. Serious burns should be sent to the hospital in time for diagnosis and treatment.
4. If the burn area is large, you should take off your clothes, shoes and socks as soon as possible, but you can't tear them off by force. If necessary, you should cut off your clothes. Pay special attention to the cleanliness of the scalded area after scalding, and do not apply external drugs or substitutes at will to prevent infection, which will increase the difficulty of treatment in the hospital. The correct way is to take off the patient's clothes and wrap them with clean towels or sheets.
What should I do if I suffer trauma?
Injured, in serious condition, need to be sent to hospital for treatment. Slight, can be handled according to the following methods:
1. If there is bleeding in the wound, clean the wound and apply external disinfectants and anti-inflammatory drugs, such as anti-inflammatory powder, mercuric chloride, band-aid, etc. In addition, pay attention to: keep the wound warm and dry; You can eat eggs, lean meat, beans, milk and other foods rich in protein. Take vitamin C properly or eat more fresh vegetables and fruits; Change dressing reasonably and keep it clean. Doing so is conducive to the healing of the wound.
2. If muscles, joints and ligaments are sprained, you can't massage or compress them immediately, so as not to aggravate subcutaneous bleeding and swelling. Stop activities immediately, so that the injured part can get enough rest, and cold compress or soak in cold water. After 24 to 48 hours, subcutaneous bleeding stops, and then hot compress is carried out to promote the dissipation of blood stasis and eliminate swelling.
What should we pay attention to during recess activities?
In the process of intense study every day, recess activities can play the role of relaxation, adjustment and proper rest. The following aspects should be paid attention to in recess activities:
The outdoor air is fresh, and the activities between classes should be outdoors as far as possible, but don't stay away from the classroom, so as not to delay the later classes.
2. The intensity of activities should be appropriate, and don't do strenuous activities, so as to ensure that you are not tired, focused and energetic when you continue your class.
Activities should be simple, such as doing exercises.
4. Activities should pay attention to safety and avoid risks such as sprains and bumps.
How to ensure safety during the competition?
Games are an important part of students' life, and we should also establish the concept of safety in games:
1. Pay attention to choose a safe place. Away from the production areas of roads, railways, construction sites and factories; Do not enter dry wells, cellars or air defense facilities; Avoid transformers and high-voltage lines; Don't climb water towers, telephone poles, roofs and high walls; Do not go near deep lakes (ponds, rivers, pits), wells, cesspits, biogas digesters, etc. These places are very prone to danger, and a little carelessness will cause casualties.
2. Choose a safe game to play. Don't play dangerous games, don't imitate dangerous scenes in movies and TV, such as smashing cars, climbing tall buildings, fighting with knives and guns, throwing stones at each other, lighting branches and waste paper, etc. This is very dangerous and easy to cause unexpected consequences.
3. Choose the right time when playing games. Can't play for long. This will easily lead to fatigue and the possibility of accidents will be greatly increased. It's best not to play games at night, because it's dark and people's reaction ability is reduced. It's easy to be dangerous.
What safety precautions should I pay attention to when going to physical education class?
Physical education class is an important course for primary and secondary schools to exercise and strengthen their physique. The training contents in physical education class are varied, and the safety precautions are different due to the different training contents and instruments used.
1. sprint and other events should be carried out in accordance with the prescribed runway, and crossing the runway is not allowed. This is not only the requirement of the competition, but also the guarantee of safety. Especially when sprinting to the finish line, we should abide by the rules, because at this time, people's physical momentum is great, their energy is concentrated on the game, and they are psychologically unprepared. Once they trip over each other, they may be seriously injured.
In the long jump competition, the run-up and take-off must be carried out in strict accordance with the teacher's instructions. Step on the wooden springboard before taking off and fall into the bunker after taking off. This is not only the technical essentials of long jump training, but also the necessary measures to protect physical safety.
3. Throwing training, such as throwing grenades, shot put, discus, javelin, etc. , must be carried out in accordance with the teacher's password, it is forbidden to be careless. Some of these sports equipment are hard and heavy, and some are equipped with sharp metal heads at the front end. If you act without authorization, you may bump into others or yourself, causing injuries and even endangering your life.
4. When training in horizontal bar, parallel bars and high jump, you must prepare a cushion with the required thickness under the equipment. If you jump directly to the hard ground, your leg joints or the back of your head will be injured. When doing the horizontal bar and parallel bars, we should take various effective methods to avoid slipping when holding the bar with both hands and avoiding falling off the bar and hurting our health.
5. When doing jumping training such as vault and box jumping, there should be a springboard in front of the equipment, a protective pad behind the equipment, and teachers and students should stand beside the equipment for protection.
6. Used for back and forth tumbling, push-ups, sit-ups and other sports. Do your movements carefully and don't play around to avoid sprain.
7. When taking part in the training of basketball, football and other events, you should learn to protect yourself and don't hurt others recklessly in the game. In these competitive sports, it is very important for safety to consciously abide by the rules of the game.
What should I pay attention to when participating in sports?
What should I do if my hands and feet are frozen?
Going out in the cold winter often freezes your hands and feet. Hands and feet are frozen stiff, so don't bake on the fire or soak in hot water, which will form chilblain and even fester. So what should be the correct method?
1. You should return to a warm environment and let the temperature of the frozen part rise slowly.
2. If you are in the wild, try to wrap your hands and feet with a coat. You can also use your body temperature to warm your frozen hands and feet.
3. The most effective way is to rub by hand to raise the temperature and promote the blood circulation to return to normal.
What if I am bitten by a snake?
A poisonous snake has poisonous teeth and glands. Most of them have triangular heads, thin necks, short and thick tails, bright spots and long teeth. When bitten by a poisonous snake, 2-4 large and deep tooth marks can be seen in the affected area, causing local pain.
Those who have been bitten by non-poisonous snakes generally have two rows of eight-shaped tooth marks. Small and shallow, neatly arranged, no obvious pain in the wound. If you are not sure at present, it should be a poisonous snake bite.
1. Help yourself or the other person immediately, and don't panic or run, which will accelerate the absorption and spread of toxins.
2. Immediately use a belt, cloth belt, handkerchief, rope, etc. to tie it 3-5 cm away from the wound to slow down the spread of toxins. Relax for 2-3 minutes every 20 minutes to avoid limb ischemia and necrosis.
3. Wash the wound with clear water, preferably with normal saline or potassium permanganate solution. If you find fangs at this time, you must pull them out.
4. After cleaning the wound, use a sterilized or clean blade to make a cross-shaped incision centered on the two fangs. The incision should not be too deep, as long as the venom is discharged under the skin.
5. If possible, you can repeatedly suck the wound with cupping or breast pump to suck out the venom. You can also inhale through your mouth in an emergency, but the person who inhales must have no ulceration in his mouth and gargle fully after spitting out the venom. After inhalation, the wound should be heated to help the venom continue to flow out.
6. It can light matches, burn wounds and kill snake venom.
7. Take all kinds of snake medicine as soon as possible, and it is ineffective to use it after biting for 24 hours. At the same time, the tablets can be made into paste with warm water or saliva, and applied to 2 cm around the wound. Do not bandage the wound.
8. After treatment, they should be sent to a nearby hospital immediately.
What if I am bitten by a dog?
Being bitten by a dog is more harmful to people, because the dog's teeth are full of all kinds of germs and viruses, which can easily invade the human body through the wound, causing diseases and even causing colds and death. If bitten by a mad dog, rabies will be caused by rabies virus, and the death rate of rabies is very high. Therefore, being bitten by a dog must not be underestimated, and urgent measures must be taken:
1. Under normal circumstances, it is difficult to tell whether it is bitten by a mad dog, so once it is bitten by a dog, it is considered to be bitten by a mad dog.
2. After being bitten by a dog, the wound should be treated immediately. First of all, tourniquet (handkerchief, rope, etc. ) should be tied above the wound to prevent or reduce the virus from flowing into the whole body with blood.
3. Wash the wound with clean water or soapy water quickly and thoroughly. Don't bandage the wound.
4. Quickly sent to the hospital for treatment, injected with rabies vaccine and tetanus antitoxin within 24 hours.
What should I do if I have a fracture?
Fracture refers to the partial or total fracture of human skeleton, and most fractures are caused by strong impact. After fracture, the fracture site is painful, accompanied by swelling, congestion and deformation, and people's activities are limited and they cannot bear the load. In severe cases, there will be bleeding, shock, infection and visceral injury. How to deal with fracture in an emergency?
1. Let the patient lie flat, don't move the patient blindly, and don't pull and massage the injured part.
2. Check the injured part, select branches, boards and sticks from local materials in time, and fix the injured part to prevent the injury from getting worse.
3. When there is no fixed object, the injured upper limb can be hung and fixed on its chest with handkerchiefs and cloth strips. , lower limbs can be tied and fixed with uninjured lower limbs.
4. Open fractures (that is, skin, limbs or mucous membranes at the fracture site are broken and bone is exposed), attention should be paid to keeping the wound clean to prevent infection.
5. After emergency treatment, immediately send it to the hospital for treatment, and be careful not to collide with the injured part during transportation. Avoid artificially aggravating injuries.
What should I do if I bleed more than enough?
Students hurt their bodies when playing, and they often bleed, especially their noses. In these cases, the following measures should be taken:
1. If limbs or fingers bleed, use clean gauze or clean wide cloth to tightly wrap the wound. If conditions permit, it is best to sprinkle some Yunnan Baiyao on the wound and then bandage it.
2. If it is a nosebleed, you can lift your head and press the nasal root on the bleeding side with your fingers until it doesn't bleed. If you have a clean cotton ball, you can put it into your nose to stop the bleeding. In addition, cold water can be poured into the back of the brain, which will make the blood vessels contract, thus achieving the purpose of hemostasis.