1. The planting is mainly in the ground, and there are also a few potted plants. In the Yellow River basin and its south area, it can be planted in the ground and overwinter in the open. In the cold northern region, potted plants should be used for wintering indoors, or ditches should be dug to bury pots for wintering. It can be planted after defoliation in autumn and before germination in spring. It should be planted in a place with high terrain, sunny and no water, and the depth is 15 cm from the ground. When potted, use the mixed culture soil of humus soil, garden soil and river sand, and add a proper amount of decomposed manure or cake fertilizer and compound fertilizer into the well. After planting, water it once, put it in the shade for a few days, and then move it to the sun for culture. 2. Light and temperature Adequate sunshine can promote good growth. Both ground planting and potted plants should be placed in sunny places and receive more than 4 hours of direct sunlight every day. Can not be placed in a place with insufficient indoor light for a long time. Enter the room in winter and put it in the sunny place. The suitable growth temperature is 12-28℃, and it can withstand the low temperature of -2℃. It is safe to overwinter in the open field in Zhengzhou area. 3. Water and Fertilization Before planting, apply an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer into the tree hole, and then water it after planting. The requirement of water and fertilizer for ground-planted roses is not strict, and generally it can be fertilized three times. First, fertilize before flowering, and apply it in furrow before the spring buds are shaded. It is better to add rotten manure and humus soil. The second is to fertilize after flowering, and apply decomposed cake fertilizer residue after flowering to supplement the nutrients consumed by flowering. The third is to fertilize the winter and apply human manure after defoliation to ensure the safe wintering of roses. Potted roses can be applied with thin fat water for a long time in cattle, once every 1- 15 days after harvest. Roses are drought-tolerant. Generally, they are planted without watering at ordinary times, and watered once every 2-3 days in hot summer or spring drought. Potted plants should be watered once every two days, and once a day in hot summer or spring drought. 4, plastic pruning generally do not need pruning, the old plants have been pruned to dense branches, dry dead branches, pests and diseases. Roses bloom, pick them when they fail, and then bloom again, otherwise they will only bloom once.

5. Generally, the natural flowering period is better to control the flowering period. For leveling the land, choose a plot with deep soil layer, loose structure and good drainage to build a rose garden. Dig a pit with a spacing of 5 cm and a row spacing of 15-2 cm, with a depth of 5 cm, and apply 1 kg of farm manure or bio-organic fertilizer to each pit. Choose a strong rose seedling, and the budding seedling should have 2-3 branches; Grafted seedlings require a well-developed root system, a stem diameter of 3-4 mm and a plant height of 3 cm, which should be planted with it, and the seedlings transported to other places should be dipped in pulp and packaged. Reasonable close planting requires about 7 rose seedlings per mu as required. Because there were few seedlings in that year, in order to save land, 1,5-2, rose seedlings can be planted in close planting per mu. In the next year, seedlings can be transplanted or sold and planted in early spring before the roses germinate. Autumn planting is from October to December, and summer planting is carried out in rainy days. Scientific management of intertillage weeding, because the seedlings are small, weeds are easy to grow, so weeding should be done in time to ensure that the seedlings are not damaged and there is no grass. Keep the soil loose. Fertilization is mainly based on organic fertilizer, and topdressing is usually carried out four times a year. Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, livestock manure is poured for the first time, which is called sprouting fertilizer, and it is watered in time; In late April, human and animal manure was applied for the second time before bud pregnancy or flower picking to promote more and fuller buds; Topdressing bio-organic fertilizer in May, and applying overwintering fertilizer in late autumn and early winter to ensure the safe overwintering of seedlings. After flowering in June and winter dormancy, old branches, diseased branches and delicate branches are cut off to grow new branches. Attention should be paid to the prevention and control of pests and diseases in all stages of field management. 6, pest control (1) Aphids, Noctuidae: damage to tender plants and leaves, can be sprayed with 4% omethoate 2 times or methamidophos mixed with water. (2) Scarabs and cutworms: They harm the roots of plants and can be trapped and killed with poisonous bait. (3) Rust: There is rust on the back and stems of leaves. Field cultivation techniques: 1. Selection of plot A for field cultivation: Although the soil does not affect the quality of rose oil, it has great influence on the growth and development of plants, flower formation and oil content, and directly affects the economic benefits of growers. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a thick soil layer, which can discharge energy and irrigate, neutral or alkaline soil (slightly acidic), and cannot be planted in wet and low-lying land, Shui Ze land and tree-lined land. B rose seedling planting: the survival rate of roses planted in Huanghuai in early winter (November) and early spring (March) is high, but it is not easy to survive when transplanted in other seasons. Before planting, we should carefully prepare the soil, apply sufficient farmyard manure, plough deeply and rake carefully to make the soil fine. Generally, the planting distance is 2-2.2cm, and the planting ditch can be ploughed by agricultural machinery, with a depth of 2-3cm (depending on the size of seedlings) and a spacing of .5cm to ensure its safe wintering. After the spring of next year, digging the soil in stages is beneficial to the germination and growth of seedlings. When planting, different varieties should be planted in different areas, which not only facilitates the collection and processing of different varieties, but also avoids the confusion of product fragrance and affects market sales. This semi-barrier must be well handled, otherwise there will be endless problems. 2, field management: a weeding: Because the seedlings are small, weeds are easy to grow, so we should do a good job of weeding in time, so as not to hurt the seedlings and have no grass. B management of water and fertilizer: water is the key to ensure the survival of seedlings, and it is necessary to have both moisture and waterlogging. Therefore, it is necessary to water in time to protect the soil moisture at about 8%. Fertilizer is the guarantee of seedling growth, therefore, before planting, foot fertilizer must be applied, and farm manure should be no less than 25 kg per mu. After the branches and leaves grow out, in order to promote the growth and development of plants, urea or compound fertilizer can be combined with trace fertilizers (phosphorus, potassium, boron, etc.) for topdressing once. In winter, the plant can be topdressed with farmyard manure or chemical fertilizer once in the dormant season. In short, it is necessary to topdressing the fertilizer needed for seedlings in time according to the fertility of the base area and the growth of seedlings. When fertilizing, fertilizing in the planting bare ditch is beneficial to plant absorption, and cannot be applied too close to the plant or directly on the plant. C Prevention and control of pests and diseases: (1) Aphids and Noctuidae: damage to tender plants and leaves can be sprayed with 2 times of 4% omethoate or methamidophos mixed with water. (2) Scarabs and cutworms: They harm the roots of plants and can be trapped and killed with poisonous bait. (3) Rust: There are rusty yellow spore piles on the back and stems of leaves, which are sprayed with 1 times solution of 5% mancozeb. Harvest of roses: The buds can be harvested in 17 months after the roses are planted (timed in November), and it will be in full bloom in three years. The flowering period is from the end of April to the end of May, and the first half of May is the full flowering period. When picking flowers, receptacle, petals and calyx all contain oil, among which petals contain the most oil. The oil quality and aroma of different parts are different, and the oil content is the highest and the oil quality is the best in the half-opening period. After full opening, the oil volatilizes, the content decreases and the quality decreases. The half-open to full-open speed of flowers is greatly affected by the temperature. Generally, the picking with dew ends before 1: in the morning, otherwise, with the increase of temperature, the fully open flowers will lead to the volatilization of oil, which will reduce the oil quality and oil yield. Bud picking: The best period is before the calyx tip is slightly open, the bud tip is red, and the bud is ready to be released. After the flowers or buds are harvested, they are packed in bamboo cages or baskets and immediately sent to local purchasing stations for sale or drying. Too long storage time will lead to rot and deterioration, resulting in unnecessary economic losses. Rose cultivation technology Rose cultivation technology In recent years, with the research and development of various functions of roses, such as medicine and food, beauty, health care, disease treatment and chemical industry, roses contain unlimited market potential. The cultivation techniques of roses are introduced as follows: 1. Land leveling: choose a plot with deep soil layer, loose structure and good drainage to build a rose garden, dig pits with a spacing of 5 cm and a row spacing of 15-2 cm, with a depth of 5 cm, and apply 1 kg of farm manure or bio-organic fertilizer to each pit. Second, choose a good seedling: to choose a robust rose seedling, the budding seedling should have 2-3 branches; Grafted seedlings require a well-developed root system, a stem diameter of 3-4 mm, and a plant height of 3 cm. They should be planted as they grow, and the seedlings transported to other places should be dipped in pulp and packaged. 3. Reasonable close planting: about 7 rose seedlings are needed per mu as required. In order to save land, 1,5-2, rose seedlings can be planted close per mu in the following year, and seedlings can be transplanted or sold in early spring before the roses sprout. Autumn planting is from October to December, and summer planting is carried out in rainy days. Fourth, scientific management: intertillage weeding to keep the soil loose. Fertilization is mainly based on organic fertilizer, which is usually topdressing four times a year. Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, livestock manure is poured for the first time, which is called sprouting fertilizer and watered in time. In late April, human and animal manure was applied for the second time before bud pregnancy or flower picking to promote more and fuller buds; Topdressing bio-organic fertilizer in May, and applying overwintering fertilizer in late autumn and early winter to ensure the safe overwintering of seedlings. After flowering in June and winter dormancy, old branches, diseased branches and delicate branches are cut off to grow new branches. Attention should be paid to the prevention and control of pests and diseases in all stages of field management. < /p>