The practical training experience in recent years is the key to make plum blossom bloom every year. Related problems are described as follows:
How to master the flowering period of plum blossom?
Plum blossoms generally begin to bloom in late winter and early spring, which is the earliest among deciduous flowers and trees. At this time, the climate is warm and cold, except for a few varieties, it usually blooms first and then leaves; The time, length and duration of flowering are greatly affected by temperature, and there are also great differences among different varieties. High temperature, dry flowering period and short flowering period. The flowering period is in the middle and late February, and the late flowering varieties are between March and May. Therefore, in the construction of plum garden, early, middle and late varieties should be reasonably matched to prolong the viewing period and improve the economic value.
How to make plum blossom in the Spring Festival?
Entering the room 30 ~ 35 days before the Spring Festival will make plum blossom dormant in a low temperature environment, and it will bloom ahead of time if it is too early, and it will delay the holiday flowering if it is too late. After entering the room, it should be placed in a place with bright scattered light but no direct sunlight, and the temperature should be kept at about 5℃. If there is direct sunlight or the temperature exceeds 8℃, it will bloom in advance; In the low temperature period, the pot soil can be kept slightly wet, and if it is too dry, the bud will wither or even die; Too wet is easy to rot roots or drop buds; Half a month before the Spring Festival, you can move the flowerpot to the sunny place with the temperature of 8℃ ~ 12℃, and spray water on the branches frequently to keep it clean and moist. If the light is insufficient, you can add lights for 4 hours every night, and the flowers will bloom as scheduled after half a month.
Why should post-flowering management start with pruning and leaf cutting?
After flowering, the flowering branches should be pruned and shortened, each branch is about 3cm long, and it is advisable to have 2 ~ 3 buds; Branches that are too dense, weak, improperly located and have no ornamental value should be thinned as much as possible to ensure ventilation and light transmission and reduce nutrient consumption; Varieties with drooping branches should leave inner buds, and varieties with erect or oblique branches should leave outer buds; The upper part of the annual branch is cut off, and the old branch is slightly trimmed and basically does not move; After thinning, bending, hanging roots, etc. The attitude of the tree can take the form of single stem, double stem, oblique stem, or cliff equation.
When pruning, we should master the principle of light pruning of strong branches and heavy pruning of weak branches, make full use of the top to promote the germination and growth of lower branches, and make plum plants dwarf and maintain a good tree shape.
What kind of soil is more suitable for changing pots?
Plum blossom is suitable for loose, fertile soil with rich humus and PH value of 6.5 ~ 6.8. Pots need to be changed in early April every year, and 2 parts of humus soil, 7 parts of decomposed NPP/KLOC-0 and fine sand can be mixed to make culture soil, which is most beneficial to the growth and development of plum root system.
How to control pests and diseases after flowering?
Common pests of plum blossom include red spider, scale insect and peach aphid. Red spider can spray 0.2 ~ 0.3 degree stone sulfur mixture, and scale insect can spray 5 degree stone sulfur mixture; Don't use dimethoate pesticide for plum blossoms, otherwise it will easily cause a lot of fallen leaves; Common diseases of plum blossom include anthracnose, gummosis, root cancer, plaster disease and so on. So Qin Ying should check and stop them.
What are the requirements for temperature and humidity?
Because the flowering period is particularly early, it is generally believed that plum blossoms are very cold-resistant. In fact, only in the south can they overwinter in the open air, grow well and spend more flowers. But in the north, most plants are potted and kept indoors in winter: plum blossoms are naturally warm and not too cold-resistant.
In winter, it needs a certain low temperature * * * to promote its flowering well. Generally, it needs a temperature of about 0℃ or lower for at least half a month; Its cold resistance also varies with varieties. For example, Longyou Li Neng can resist the low temperature of-10℃, and Yan Xingmei in Xingmei line can resist the low temperature of -35℃.
I like humidity, but I don't want the soil to be too wet or flooded. In case of rainstorm, I must immediately drain water or take shelter measures. Pot soil is too wet, the root system is underdeveloped, the leaves will fall off and the roots will die. When the pot soil is too dry, the new shoots grow slowly, the green leaves lose their green color and fall off early, and the flower buds develop poorly. At this time, it is necessary to remove the heart to promote more flower buds, and gradually control the water appropriately, and carry out normalized management to ensure more flowers in the coming year.
How to fertilize?
After flowering, apply dilute liquid fertilizer 1 time every half month, apply more phosphate fertilizer and less cyanide fertilizer to promote more buds and make plants grow healthily; When potted plum blossoms are changed into pots, base fertilizer should be applied, and top fertilizer should be applied once a month when the branches and leaves germinate in April-May to promote the flourishing of branches and leaves; After July, topdressing can be applied 1 ~ 2 times, but phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are mainly used, and phosphorus is beneficial to flower bud differentiation and flowering and fruiting; Potassium can make branches strong, improve the cold, drought and disease resistance of plum blossoms, and have bright colors.
Why do leaves fall in summer and autumn?
Plum blossoms like light and belong to sunny flowers and trees; With sufficient light, photosynthesis will flourish, dry matter will accumulate in the body, growth will be robust, flower buds will differentiate well and flowers will flourish. > & gt
Question 2: How to raise potted plum blossoms? There are many varieties of potted plum, such as red plum, green plum, Bai Mei, Long Mei plum and Renmeimei. The technical points of potted plum blossom are as follows: 1. Plum blossom is not strict with soil, and ordinary neutral soil can grow. However, because of the limited pot soil, loose and fertile nutrient soil should be selected for potted plum blossom. Nutritious soil is a culture medium which is composed of 4 parts of edible residue, 4 parts of accumulated miscellaneous fat soil and 2 parts of coal ash soil. After flowering, the soil is changed once a year, and then it is placed in the shade for a week, and then it is transferred to normal maintenance. Second, plum blossoms are very sensitive to water. If the basin soil is too wet for a long time, it is easy to cause rotten roots. So control the watering. When the new branches grow to 20 cm, attention should be paid to controlling watering, controlling excessive elongation of new branches and promoting flower bud differentiation. But water it once a day in summer, keep the soil moist according to the soil conditions in autumn, and use less water in winter to make the soil dry. Third, plum blossoms don't like big fat plum blossoms. When the branches and leaves germinate, it is necessary to have sufficient fertilizer and water, and apply organic liquid fertilizer 1 to 2 times a month. When the new branches grow to 5 cm, a thin layer of fertilizer should be applied to promote the growth of the branches. In late summer and early autumn, fertilizer and water should be applied to the decomposed cake once, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to promote the formation of flower buds. Spraying 1 to 2 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate after flower bud differentiation is beneficial to the growth of plum blossom. Fourth, plum blossom pruning and shaping Pruning and shaping plum blossoms is a technical activity. Pruning should start with seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 20 to 25 cm, the top should be cut off. After germination, 3 to 5 branches should be kept as main branches. When the length of the main branch is 10 ~ 15cm, the core should be removed to promote the stout branches and the formation of flower buds. Prune after flowering. When the flowers wither, leave 2 ~ 3 buds from the base. When the new branches grow to 5 ~ 6 leaves, pick the core and leave only 3 ~ 4 leaves to promote the growth of more flower branches. Prune repeatedly every year to enrich branches and increase buds. Five, plum pest control must be kept ventilated and transparent. Plum blossom diseases mainly come from anthracnose and leaf blight, which generally occur in late April or early May. Use 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate 800 ~ 1000 times solution for control. The harm of aphids is getting worse every year. Using washing powder with 500 times solution to kill aphids has obvious effect. However, plum blossoms are sensitive to pesticides such as dimethoate and dichlorvos, so do not use them. 6. Plum blossoms bloom in the Spring Festival. Anyone who grows plum blossoms wants her to bloom in the Spring Festival, which requires mastering the flower-urging technology. First of all, we must calculate the date of urging flowers. About 20 days before the Spring Festival, potted plum blossoms should be moved into the greenhouse and maintained in a sunny place, and the indoor temperature should be controlled at 10 to 15 degrees. At the same time, spray clean water on the branches and surrounding areas every day to keep the branches moist. Water it moderately. Too much watering is not good for plum blossom growth, and it is easy to rot roots and drop buds. If you water it too little, it will dry up the buds. Secondly, we must grasp the temperature and flowering time. One week before the Spring Festival, if the buds are still young, move the flowerpot to a medium temperature of 15 to 25 degrees for management. If the flowers bloom before the Spring Festival, the temperature around the potted flowers will drop by about 10 degrees, and the sunshine will be scarce, so as to control the water. Also, moderate fertilization is required. In order to make plum blossom bright and fragrant, moderate fertilization should be applied. Generally, rare organic liquid fertilizer is applied every 7 ~ 10 days, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and plant growth promoter are sprayed on flower buds every 7 days. Supplement: Soil: sandy loam with good drainage and ventilation should be selected. This culture soil can be made of peat, fine sand and garden soil according to the ratio of 1: 1, and it is best to put a small amount of humus soil in it if possible. The purpose of adding humus soil is to improve the fertilizer storage capacity in culture and make the culture soil slightly acidic. Choice of pots: Meijun's pots are elegant, which can set off each other and add ornamental value. However, it is best to plant plum blossoms in ordinary pottery pots and cover them with elegant flowerpots when the plants bloom. Because earthen pots are beneficial to the growth of plum roots, antique porcelain pots or purple sand pots are slightly inferior. Watering: In winter and spring, plum blossoms don't need much water. Except that the basin soil is slightly wet at flowering stage, the basin soil is kept slightly wet and dry at other stages. In summer and autumn, plum blossoms need water most, so they should be watered dry. However, from June to July, flower buds began to differentiate. During this period, it is necessary to "control the water" of plum blossoms several times, that is, reduce watering to make the leaves of plum blossoms slightly curly and then water them, so that plum blossoms can bloom better. Fertilization: Meihua likes to fertilize, but it should be fertilized in a timely and appropriate manner. From late spring to early Zhixia, dilute liquid fertilizer was applied every 65,438+00 days. From late winter to early spring, when plum blossom buds begin to grow obviously until they are transparent, dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied every five days to make plum blossoms colorful and fragrant. Lighting: The place where it is placed is sunny, and the plum blossoms grow vigorously and have many flowers. On the contrary, plants grow slowly and flower buds differentiate less. Because >>
Question 3: How to raise plum blossom bonsai indoors? Plum blossoms have low requirements on soil, but they are easy to rot and die in low wetlands with too sticky soil and poor drainage. Therefore, loose, fertile and humus-rich sandy loam should be selected as planting soil, and deeper purple sand potted seeds should be selected.
Chinese plum
Anhui bonsai is the most distinctive flower shape. A pot of plum blossom is not only unique in shape, but also in its old age, the shape is enough to start from young trees, and it usually takes decades from winding to final finalization. Its main shape is also Youlong style.
It's called the Dragon Pile. The trunk makes an S-shaped curve step by step from the bottom to the top, which is shaped like a Youlong. The left and right branches remain on the convex curve of the trunk to make a transverse "S" shape, which is symmetrical and balanced. In addition, there is a cliff style.
There is also a knot type in which the main branches are wound in a circle, a downwind type in which the whole branches climb in the same direction, and a bent dry type. If you decorate a bonsai with pine and bamboo, you should take plum as the foreground, pine as the background and bamboo as the guest.
The scenery is more poetic.
Plum blossoms like warm and humid climate and have certain cold tolerance. They must be placed in a sunny and well-ventilated place. If there is not enough sunshine, they will bloom less or even not. During the growing period, water should be watered between dry and wet, and it is forbidden to accumulate water in the basin.
Water can be properly watered during the vigorous growth period, and water is often sprinkled on the ground in hot weather to increase the air temperature. In June, before the flower buds are about to form, "drought treatment" should be carried out, that is, the amount of watering should be properly controlled every day to make the branches slightly mature.
When wilting, a small amount of water can only maintain life, thus stopping the growth of branches and making nutrients differentiate into flower buds. Applying effective phosphorus and potassium fertilizer at the same time of "drought treatment" is more beneficial to flower bud differentiation
Fertilization should be carried out when the plants are in the pot, and a few animal hooves and a little bone meal should be put at the bottom of the pot as the base fertilizer to control the growth period. Generally, decomposed dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied/kloc-0 times a month, and no fertilizer should be applied at flowering stage. Plum blossoms should be moved in late autumn and early winter.
It is safe to overwinter at about 5℃ in a low temperature room.
Pruning and pruning of plum blossoms. After the first ten days of March, leave 1 ~ 2 buds on the branches and flower branches developed in the previous year, cut off the slender branches, overlapping branches, dead branches, long branches, old stems and sprouted new buds on the main branches, and trim them according to the needs of modeling.
Still stay, what you decide to delete should be deleted immediately. When the new branches grow to about 25 cm, they can be twisted off or picked off to promote flower bud differentiation and flower bud growth and flowering.
Plum blossom pots are mostly turned over after flowering. Generally, the old pile is turned over every 2-3 years 1 time, and the plum blossom with short tree age can be turned over every 2 years 1 ~ 2 years. When turning over the basin, it is necessary to remove about half of the old basin soil, apply base fertilizer to the bottom of the basin, and replace it with new loose and fertile sandy culture soil rich in humus.
Question 4: How to raise the four-season plum blossom? Open classification: the plant Catharanthus roseus is also known as spring, flowering every day, plum blossom in four seasons and so on. Apocynaceae, evergreen erect semi-shrub. Plant height 30-60 cm, opposite leaves, rectangular, dark green, with shallow translation. Flowers axillary, corolla saucer-shaped, 5 lobes, wheel arrangement, flower diameter 3-4 cm, white, pink or purple. Apocynaceae, evergreen erect semi-shrub. Catharanthus roseus shoots at the top, and there are two flowers between the axils of each leaf, so it has many flowers, special flowering period, lush flowers and vitality. Flowers never stop from spring to autumn, so it has the reputation of "sunny spring". Originated in West India, it was introduced to China long before the Song Dynasty. Sexual preference for high temperature and humidity, tolerance to semi-shade. Sowing and propagation are often used. Catharanthus roseus not only has graceful posture and special flowering period, but also is a good medicine for preventing and treating cancer. According to modern scientific research, Catharanthus roseus contains 55 alkaloids. Vinblastine and vincristine have certain curative effects on choriocarcinoma, lymphosarcoma, childhood acute leukemia and other malignant tumors, and they are the most widely used anticancer plant drugs in the world. Propagation methods include sowing, cutting and tissue culture. Sowing and breeding: Sowing in April in spring. Catharanthus roseus contains 750 seeds per gram, and the optimum germination temperature is 65438 08 ~ 24℃. The mixed soil of virus-free humus soil, culture soil and fine sand was put into the sowing tray, and germinated at 14 ~ 2 1d after sowing. After emergence, at noon with strong light and high temperature, it is necessary to add shade for 2 ~ 3 hours. When the seedlings are 5 cm high and have 3 pairs of true leaves, they can be potted. Cutting propagation: in spring or early summer, cut off shoots with a length of 8 ~ 10 cm, cut off the lower leaves, leave 2 ~ 3 pairs of leaves at the top, insert them into sand beds or humus soil, keep the inserted soil slightly wet, and take root after 15 ~ 20 days at room temperature. Tissue culture and propagation: The shoot tips are used as explants. The sterilized shoot tip was cut into several sections, each section was 0.4 ~ 0.6 cm, inoculated in MS medium containing 5mg/L 6- benzylamino adenine and 0.2 mg/L NAA, and cultured for 65,438+0 months to grow adventitious buds. Then it was transferred to 1/2 ms medium, and 0.2 mg/l kinetin and 2 mg/l indoleacetic acid were added. After half a month, the white roots began to grow and become complete plants. Cultivation management Transplanted the seedlings into a pot of 10 cm, with 3 pairs of true leaves and 3 plants in each pot. When the seedling height is 7 ~ 8 cm, pull it 1 time, and then pull it twice to promote more germination and flowering. Fertilize 1 time every half month during the growth period, or use 15- 15-30 special fertilizer for potted flowers in Hui You. Planting potted plants or flower beds outside the pot lasted more than five months from late May to early October 165438. Remove residual flowers at any time during flowering to avoid moldy residual flowers affecting plant growth and ornamental value. The seed collection period of Catharanthus roseus is from August to 65438+ 10, so it should be harvested with maturity to avoid seed loss. Pest control usually involves leaf rot, rust and root knot nematode disease. Spraying leaf rot with 500 times solution of 65% zineb wettable powder. Spraying with 2000 times of 50% Wettable Powder. Spray root-knot nematodes with 50 times of 80% dibromochloropropane EC.
Question 5: How to raise butterfly plum blossoms How to raise butterfly plum blossoms:
1, the best breeding time: the best breeding time of plum blossom is spring and autumn.
2. The best growing soil: The common cultivation substrates of Prunus mume are mainly aquatic plants and moss.
3. Humidity requirements: Mume should be cultivated and maintained in a ventilated and high-humidity environment, and the humidity can be kept at about 60%.
4. Optimum growth temperature: Butterfly Meixi is in high temperature and high humidity environment, and the optimum growth temperature is 16℃ ~ 30℃.
5. Optimum growth light: Although butterfly plum likes shade, it is still necessary to enable orchid plants to receive tripod light, especially before and after flowering. Proper light can promote the flowering of butterfly plum and make the blooming flowers gorgeous and lasting. Generally, it should be placed indoors in a place with scattered light, not in direct sunlight.
6. Fertilization: the liquid fertilizer is prepared to be slightly lower than the specified concentration, and it is equivalent to watering according to 1 weekly watering 1 time. But don't fertilize when the flowers are in full bloom or when the temperature is lower than 15℃ in winter.
7, watering point: control the amount of water, the weather is too dry, can be watered once every 2 ~ 3 days, depending on the wet and dry conditions of the basin soil.
8. Pruning essentials: the flower branches should be picked immediately after the flowers wither, so as not to consume nutrients, which is conducive to the development and flowering of new flower branches.
9. Potted soil replacement: old plants that have been potted for 3-4 years need to be replaced with new ones. Generally, the pots are turned over in September to change the soil.
10, key points of propagation: Prunus mume mainly depends on cutting propagation. Cut a 3 ~ 4 cm long branch from the big plant, and leave 4 ~ 5 leaves to put in the sand, soil and soil together. After 9 days, you can bask in the sun and take root between 14 and 2 1 day.
1 1. Pest control: The normal growth of butterfly plum needs flowing fresh air, so domestic butterfly plum must be well ventilated, especially in the high humidity period in summer, to prevent heatstroke and avoid infection of pests and diseases. Here's how to prevent it:
(1) Horticultural control: the plants should be ventilated and transparent to avoid excessive humidity; Don't spray water directly on plants to avoid splashing water droplets to spread diseases; Do not choose cuttings of diseased plants, and remove all diseased leaves and branches to avoid soil pollution of leaves and bacteria.
(2) Chemical control: spraying agricultural streptomycin 1000 unit, or using 14% chloramphenicol 300 times solution or 50% bactericide 1000 times solution.
Question 6: How to raise five-petal plum blossoms? Five-petal plum blossom is also called Catharanthus roseus, and Catharanthus roseus is easy to raise;
1, the sunshine should be sufficient, and if it is insufficient, it should be opened less or not.
2. The temperature should be between 20℃ and 32℃, and the wintering temperature should be kept above 65438 02℃.
The signal of watering is that the topsoil is dry. When watering, water thoroughly, and don't be wet or dry for a long time.
4, resistant to pruning, the cut branches can be cut into new plants, which is convenient for survival.
5, fertilization must be less, afraid of hypertrophy, it is best to water after acupoint application.
In addition: Catharanthus roseus is a perennial herb. The stems are erect and much branched. The leaves are opposite, oblong, short petiole, entire, smooth and hairless on both sides, and the main veins are white and obvious. Cymes are terminal. The flower is rose, the corolla is butterfly-shaped, 5-lobed, and there is a dark hole in the center of the flower. The plant height is 30 cm -50 cm, and the leaves are oval, dark green and shiny. Flowers axillary, corolla dish-shaped, five-lobed, spreading and spreading, arranged in fan leaves, flower diameter 3 cm -4 cm, white, pink or purple.
Catharanthus roseus should not be wet and afraid of waterlogging, and the pot soil should not be watered too much, which will affect its growth and development. How to raise Catharanthus roseus should also control the water content, especially the indoor wintering plants should be watered strictly, and it is best to dry them in the sun, otherwise they will easily freeze. Cultivate in the open field, take a shower in summer, and pay attention to timely drainage to avoid drowning and cause overall death.
Question 7: How to plant plum blossoms? Plum blossoms are not afraid of cold, but are proud of frost and snow. It has been praised by people since ancient times. According to different cultivation purposes, plum blossom can be divided into two categories: flower plum and fruit plum. Prunes are often planted in orchards, mainly for harvesting fruits; Plum blossoms are planted in courtyards or flowerpots, with colorful and rich varieties, mainly for people to watch.
① Upper basin
Plum blossom potted plants are mainly plum blossoms. Plum blossoms potted in September are more delicious-10. Choose grafted saplings that have been cultivated in the field for 2-3 years and have strong roots, and flowers can be seen in the same year after planting. In order to make a plum blossom shape, the top can be truncated at a height of 20-30 cm, and 3-4 new buds can be left at the top as the main branches for culture. Plum blossoms are suitable for growing in loose and fertile soil. Potted soil is generally composed of 2 parts humus soil, 2 parts weathered river mud or paddy soil and 6 parts fine sand soil (dry manure or cake fertilizer can also be slightly mixed into the culture soil). After the basin is put on, it should be watered twice continuously and maintained in a sunny place. This flowerpot is better than ordinary pottery pots. When you are in bloom, move it into a teapot to watch.
② watering
Plum blossoms are sensitive to soil moisture. When watering, you should master the principle, not not not watering, but watering thoroughly. When watering and drying, avoid getting too wet. If the soil contains too much water, the leaves will turn yellow and fall off. If green leaves are found to fall off, it is because the soil is too dry. In order to make plum blossom have more buds, when the new branches grow to about 25 cm, we should do "drought treatment", that is, stop watering for a short time, commonly known as "water harvesting" treatment, so that the leaves of the plants will become warped due to lack of water and the branches will wilt slightly, and then water them with small water to "slow down the seedlings". The amount of water in "Xiaoshui" is about 6-70% of the usual watering amount. After several days, the water was stopped for a short time, and repeated several times, forcing the new buds to stop growing and the secondary branches to germinate, commonly known as "fixing the head", but slowly "discharging water" and gradually returning to normal watering. The purpose of this "water harvesting" can control the growth of new shoots from being too long, at the same time, it can also concentrate the nutrition of plants, increase the growth of flower buds, and achieve the effect of more flower buds. However, it should be noted that due to the long air-drying time of the basin soil, a small amount of water should be poured first to make the roots slowly absorb and gradually restore vitality. You must not water it immediately, it will cause a lot of fallen leaves. The fallen leaves of plum blossoms will directly affect the buds during pregnancy, so pay special attention. Plum blossoms like water, but they are not resistant to waterlogging. There is much rain in spring, which tends to make the branches flourish and the flower buds decrease. The Huangmei season is the time to breed flower buds, and the pot soil should be slightly dry. At this time, too much water will make the branches grow slender, and even the yellow leaves will fall off, which will affect the flower buds. Suitable for high temperature and high humidity in summer, water it once from 8: 00 am to 4: 00 pm. Pay attention to pouring water into the side basin after heavy rain to prevent water from accumulating in the basin. In autumn, we should gradually reduce the amount of watering and keep it moist. Generally, water it once every morning, 1-2 days. After the first frost leaves fall, the buds have grown up and can be watered every other day or every few days. Water less between flowering and leaf exhibition.
③ Fertilization.
Fertilization of potted plum blossoms can be done once in spring (70% human excrement, 30% water) except for the base fertilizer when changing pots, and it must be "backwater" the next day after application. After this heavy fertilization, the requirements of branch germination and leaf germination in spring can be met, and fertilization is not needed, especially when the bud grows to about 5 cm, otherwise it will easily lead to excessive growth of branches and the harm of aphids. In the middle and late May, light topdressing 1-2 times (30% human excrement and 70% water) can be applied to promote flower bud formation. Early August is the second rooting period. At the same time, in order to promote flower bud hypertrophy, topdressing can also be done once (30% human excrement and 70% water). At the beginning of September, the new roots of plum blossoms have matured. In order to make the flower buds strong, a small amount of phosphate fertilizer can be applied.
When the buds are ready to be released, a small amount of nitrogen or phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied topdressing. The sources of fertilizer are: bean cake water, peanut cake water (poured on the pot soil) and dried chicken manure (scattered on the pot soil or buried at the edge of the pot).
④ Pruning
Plum branches should be sparse and not complicated, and they should be pruned in time if they are too dense. Flower buds form on the new branches of the year. Among the new branches, short branches and middle branches bloom more, while long branches often do not. Therefore, pruning can be used to promote more new branches. Young plants in the first pot can choose to keep 2-3 strong branches and cut them short by about 20 cm. All the remaining branches can be cut off from the base, so that new branches can grow on the short branches. If there are long branches, thin branches, diseased branches, overlapping branches and dense branches in the growth process, they should be cut off in time. Trimming should be combined with shaping. Plastic surgery should keep the natural shape according to the growth potential of plants, and pay attention to horizontal, oblique, leaning, bending, ancient, elegant, light, sparse, poetic, sparse and dense. After the flowering period, except the main branches, leave 20......& gt& gt.
Question 8: How does Long Meihua raise Long Meihua?
Question 9: How to raise plum blossoms, the cultivation methods and precautions of plum blossoms. The most common propagation method of plum blossom is grafting, followed by cutting and layering. Sowing and propagation are generally mainly used as rootstocks or to cultivate new varieties. Plum rootstocks are commonly used in southern China, and apricot, apricot or apricot are commonly used in northern China. Apricot and Prunus armeniaca are excellent rootstocks of plum blossom, with high grafting survival rate and strong cold tolerance.
Generally, 2-5-year-old seedlings are planted in the open field, and the planting method can be solitary planting, cluster planting or group planting. Before planting, we should dig a hole in the tree, apply base fertilizer, water it after planting, strengthen management, and naturally and happily shape plum trees.
Potted plants need to be cultivated in the open field for several years, and then transplanted into pots in winter or early spring. The pot soil should be humus soil, and some garden soil and fine sand can be added to ensure the air permeability of the soil. Prune before and after planting. When putting the pot, trim the roots and branches according to the shape of Xiaomei pile, so as to put the pot at the best viewing angle.
Water potted plum blossoms moderately. Too much watering is easy to lose yellow leaves, too dry is easy to lose green leaves. After the new shoots grow to about 30 cm, the water content should be properly controlled in June, and topdressing should be carried out to promote flower bud differentiation. Before flowering, put it in the sunny place of the cold room, and then move it indoors to watch it when it is in bud. After flowering, it should be cut short and still moved to the open field for cultivation.
Question 10: How to raise Chimonanthus praecox? Planting methods introduce its biological characteristics: like warm climate, cold-resistant, drought-tolerant, slightly shade-tolerant; Like sunshine; Avoid dampness and waterlogging. It should be planted in sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage. Poor growth on heavy clay and alkaline earth.
Cultivation techniques: seed propagation, grafting, cutting and rameting.
Seed propagation: seedling raising and transplanting are adopted. Harvest the fruits in June and July, peel off the seeds and store them in wet sand for later use. Sow in March of the following year. Take out the seeds, rub wax with sand in water, then sow, pay attention to weeding and fertilization at seedling stage, and transplant after 2 years of cultivation.
Grafting propagation: using seedlings or ramets as rootstocks, cutting and docking are the best. In the middle of March-April, select long and thick branches, remove the tops and cut them into 6-7cm long scions with 1-2 pairs of buds. The rootstock is cut 3-6 cm from the ground, cut into sections, coated with mud, and sealed for 3 years.
Cutting propagation: Summer shoots are the best. After the cuttings were soaked in 1× 10-4α- naphthylacetic acid 1min, they were easy to take root in the shaded plastic greenhouse.
Propagation by ramets: in February and March, the tillering seedlings produced by the mother plant are dug out and planted. When transplanting, holes should be opened according to the row spacing of about 1.3m, and each hole should be planted with 1 plant. Weeding and topdressing in intertillage 1 time in early spring and season every year, with human and animal manure as the main fertilizer. In order to promote flowering, the branches are cut short and topped every March-April.
Soil planting
Chimonanthus praecox is usually propagated by grafting, cutting, layering or rameting. Grafting is widely used.
1. Grafting: 2-3-year-old Chimonanthus praecox is selected as the rootstock, and it is grafted by butt joint or cuttage, generally by butt joint. In early spring and March, the bark of rootstock and scion was cut open, tied tightly close to each other, and the joint was wrapped with plastic strips to make them heal and survive. After survival, it can be planted separately from the mother plant in the winter of that year. It is best to cut buds in summer. After the cuttings are soaked in 50 mg/kg rooting powder for 6 hours, they can be rooted and transplanted in a cool plastic film shed for about 20 ~ 30 days.
1. Grafting: 2-3-year-old Chimonanthus praecox is selected as the rootstock, and it is grafted by butt joint or cuttage, generally by butt joint. In early spring and March, the bark of rootstock and scion was cut open, tied tightly close to each other, and the joint was wrapped with plastic strips to make them heal and survive. After survival, it can be planted separately from the mother plant in the winter of that year. It is best to cut buds in summer. After the cuttings are soaked in 50 mg/kg rooting powder for 6 hours, they can be rooted and transplanted in a cool plastic film shed for about 20 ~ 30 days.
3. Plant division is to take seedlings with multiple fibrous roots at the base, cut off the upper branches after plant division, apply dilute liquid fertilizer, and shade the upper parts with curtains. In spring and autumn, layering can also be used to breed. Chimonanthus praecox is cold-tolerant, so long as it is not lower than-15℃, it can safely overwinter in the open air, but the flowering period should not be lower than-10℃. Chimonanthus praecox is afraid of the wind, which will cause rust spots on the leaves due to mutual friction. Chimonanthus praecox is drought-tolerant, but it must be short of water in hot summer to avoid the formation of dry white spots on leaves and affect the formation of flower buds. Semi-humid watering is appropriate. Chimonanthus praecox must be pruned in time after the flowers wither. Chimonanthus praecox likes fertilizer A circular ditch with a depth of 15 ~ 18cm can be dug once a month to apply thin fertilizer, and agricultural fertilizer is not allowed to be applied to avoid "greed for green" after autumn. Topdressing before defoliation in autumn, the ratio of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen is 2: 1: 0.5. Chimonanthus praecox is a deep-rooted tree species and must be planted in deep pots. 2 ~ 3 years in a pot, the topsoil on the soil is removed, so that its root neck gradually emerges from the surface of the pot soil, and its roots hang down and claws are exposed, which is particularly unique.
It is not suitable for planting in too warm areas, because the flowering temperature is required to be 0℃~-10℃ for at least 5 days.
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pot culture
Potted Chimonanthus praecox mainly takes four measures: cutting, fertilizing, watering and pest control.
1. Proper pruning:
Chimonanthus praecox has thick branches and is known as the proverb "Chimonanthus praecox does not lack branches". By timely pruning, it can sprout more robust branches and make it blossom more. -Generally, it is advisable to prune the flowers in time after they wither and before they come out, and cut off dead branches, over-dense branches, cross branches and moth-eaten branches. Leave 2-3 pairs of buds at the base of annual branches, and cut off the upper branches to promote germination and branching. After each new branch grows to 2 ~ 3 pairs of leaves, it should be pitted to promote the germination of short and strong flower branches and make the plant shape symmetrical and beautiful. Pruning is mostly carried out in March-June and stopped after July. If it is not suitable for pruning, it will take out a lot of long branches, consume nutrients, make the flower buds not differentiate much, and affect flowering.
2. Timely fertilization:
Chimonanthus praecox is a kind of fertilizer-loving flower. Timely fertilization can promote flower bud differentiation and blossom more. Potted wintersweet,
Because the basin soil is limited, the soil should be sandy nutrient soil with high humus and loose air permeability. Show leaves twice in spring ... >>