Growth habit of Liriodendron chinense
Liriodendron chinense is a common plant in evergreen broad-leaved forest in tropical and subtropical areas. Like warm, humid and semi-sunny environment, it is suitable for growing in deep and fertile acidic soil. Slightly barren, growth temperature 16 ~ 27℃. Love wet and fear dry. When the air humidity is high and the soil moisture is sufficient, the stems and leaves flourish, but too much moisture will cause waterlogging and root rot. It has a wide range of adaptability to light, and can grow in full sunshine, half sunshine or half shade environment, but the light intensity has a certain relationship with leaf color. The soil is fertile, loose and well drained sandy loam, and the potted soil is a mixture of peat soil, humus soil and coarse sand.
Propagation method of Liriodendron chinense
1. Sowing: Liriodendron can be sown with harvest, or it can be germinated in sand, and then planted in pots or fields after the seeds are exposed. Pot planting with humus soil or sandy soil, the covering depth is about 1 ~ 2 times the seed diameter. The optimum temperature for seed germination is 20 ~ 25℃, and the potted soil or seedbed is kept moist. Under suitable temperature conditions, seeds can germinate in about 15 ~ 20 days, and those sown after accelerating germination in sand storage can be unearthed in a week at suitable temperature.
2. layering: select 2-year-old branches of Liriodendron from April to June and peel them into rings with the width of 1cm. Mix 1 part of fresh wet moss or coniferous soil with 1 part of pastoral soil to wrap the wound, and tie both ends with plastic film. Water the substrate with a syringe every day on sunny days to keep the humidity of the substrate. After taking root, cut it from the connection with the mother plant and transplant it.
3. Soil insertion: Take 10 ~ 15 cm long 1 year-old branches as cutting materials, combine with changing pots, and re-cut before germination in spring or early spring. Remove the lower blade, keep 3 ~ 4 blades at the top, and cut the lower blade into an inclined plane. Drill a small hole in the substrate with a stick in advance, insert 2/3 cuttings into a basin with perlite as the substrate, and take root at room temperature 15 ~ 25℃ after cutting 1.5 months.
4, water plug: choose mineral water bottles or glasses, tall glass bottles, cans, clean, as a container. Cut the lower end of the cut cuttings with a length of 8 cm into a flat mouth, leaving only 3 ~ 4 leaves at the top. After the container is filled with clean water, insert the cuttings into the container and hang them in the water as much as possible to avoid touching the wall or bottom of the container. When the cuttings grow from the bottom, they will be taken out of the flowerpot above.
5. Fog insertion: use plastic film or small glass greenhouse to create a small environment with high humidity, so that Liriodendron can propagate rapidly under high temperature and high humidity conditions. First, lay a layer of brick on the bottom of the cutting groove, and lay a layer of disinfectant sand with a thickness of 30 cm on it, and select the shoots that grew 8 cm that year as cuttings. Insert 2/3 of cuttings into human sandy soil, spray after cuttings, keep room temperature at 15 ~ 25℃, spray water on leaves 1 time every day, and transplant after rooting.
Cultivation method of Liriodendron chinense
1. Soil: fertile, loose and well-drained sandy loam is suitable for planting Liriodendron, and peat soil, humus soil and coarse sand mixed soil are used for potted plants. Generally, humus soil, peat soil and garden soil can be mixed with river sand or perlite of about 1/4, and a small amount of cake fertilizer powder can be added as base fertilizer to make it fertile.
2. Planting: select strong seedlings with developed roots and plant them in pots before germination in late autumn or spring. Before planting, put ceramic tiles on the seepage holes at the bottom of the container and fill some nutrient soil in the container. Fill the soil after planting, so that the roots are in close contact with the soil. After the soil surface is flush with the basin edge, the soil surface is about 5 cm away from the basin edge as a watering nozzle. Newly planted plants should be kept in semi-shade for a week, and then gradually moved to sunny places for normal management.
3. Watering: Liriodendron chinense grows well in an environment with high air humidity and sufficient soil moisture. Pay attention to the lack of water in the basin soil, otherwise it will cause a large number of leaves to fall off. Water should be properly controlled under low temperature conditions in winter. If you use plastic containers, pay attention to drainage. In order to keep the soil moist, water it in time before it dries. When the weather is dry, spray it on plants to humidify, and prevent water from accumulating in the basin in rainy season.
4. Sunlight: Liriodendron enjoys half shade and should be placed under bright scattered light. When the light is suitable, the leaves are oily green and bright, which can be enjoyed for a long time. In winter, you can move to the south window for cultivation, so that you can receive more sunshine and the leaves will be bright. It is best to move the flowerpot outdoors for a period of time in spring and autumn under the condition of good ventilation and suitable light, but it must be avoided to be exposed to the sun during outdoor maintenance, otherwise the leaves will wither easily and the ornamental value will be reduced.
5. Temperature: The optimum growth temperature of Liriodendron is 16 ~ 27℃. 2 1 ~ 27℃ from March to September, and 16 ~ 2 1℃ from September to March of the following year. It can still grow normally at a high temperature above 30℃. The temperature in winter is not lower than 5℃. If the temperature is lower than 0℃, the plants will freeze the fallen leaves, but if the stems are intact, new leaves will grow in the next spring.
6. Fertilization: The growing season of Liriodendron is from March to September, and some compound fertilizer or cake fertilizer is applied every 2-3 weeks. It is not suitable to apply too much fertilizer (especially nitrogen fertilizer) to mosaic varieties, otherwise the leaves will turn green and lose their original variety characteristics. Less nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to variegated varieties to prevent the color of patches from fading or disappearing.
7. Pruning: Liriodendron is easy to sprout long branches, so it is necessary to pay frequent attention to shaping and pruning to keep the plant shape neat and beautiful. When the perennial old branches grow too large, they can be re-cut by changing pots and cutting off the upper branches and leaves and some old roots before the new buds germinate every year.
Matters needing attention of Liriodendron chinense
1, leaf spot: 0.5% ~ 0.6% bordeaux solution (i.e. 0.5 ~ 0.6 part of quicklime, 0.5 ~ 0.6 part of copper sulfate and 0/00 part of water), or 800 ~/kloc-0 of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder or 50% carbendazim wettable powder. Spray 10 ~ 15 days 1 ~ 2 times.
2. Anthracnose: 65,438+0,000 times 75% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 600 times 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, 500 times 25% carbofuran wettable powder, 900 times 25% benomyl emulsifiable concentrate, or 800-65,438+0,000 times 50% carbendazim wettable powder.
3. Leaf moth: 400-600 times of 25% dimehypo, 3,000-4,000 times of 2.5% dipyridamole emulsion, 3,000 times of 5% chlorfluazuron EC, 2,000 times of 24% Wanling EC, 40.7% Oxfam EC 1000 times of 5% Laifulin EC can be selected. Pay attention to using different kinds of chemicals in turn when applying pesticides to avoid drug resistance.
4. Starscream: 20% dicofol EC 500-600 times, 20% mirex EC 2000 times, 5% nisolone EC 1500 times, 50% monocrotophos EC 1500 times and 40% isocarbophos EC/kloc-can be sprayed during the outbreak period. In order to prevent pests from developing drug resistance, they should be applied alternately or mixed.
5. Scale insects: Scale insects can be diluted by 750 ~ 1000 times, and mainly sprayed on the parts where scale insects occur, with the degree of wetting and not dripping. When scale insects occur seriously, spray 1 time every 7 ~ 10 days, and the effect is good.
6. Thrips: spraying 80% dichlorvos 10000 times solution and 40% omethoate 1500 times solution for control.