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Gardenia Gardenia, also known as Gardenia, Gardenia, originated in China. Like warm, humid and sunny environment, cold-resistant, semi-cloudy, afraid of water accumulation. I want loose, fertile and acidic sandy loam. It belongs to Rubiaceae and Gardenia. Evergreen shrub. Branchlets are green, leaves are opposite, and leather is rectangular and shiny. Axillary flowers with short peduncle and fleshy. The fruit is ovoid to oblong, with 5-9 wing-like straight edges, and the cell1; There are many seeds embedded in the fleshy placenta. From May to July in bloom, flowers, leaves and fruits are beautiful, and the flowers are overflowing. Roots, leaves and fruits can be used as medicine, and have the effects of purging fire and relieving annoyance, clearing away heat and diuresis, cooling blood and detoxifying. Wisdom's words are "eternal love, waiting for you all your life, and happiness all your life." Legend has it that the flower language of gardenia is waiting for love.

Chinese name: gardenia

Latin scientific name: gardenia

Nickname: gardenia

Field: the field of plants

Phylum: Angiosperm phylum

Category: Dicotyledonous plants

Objective: Rubiaceae.

Family: Rubiaceae

Genus: Gardenia

Distribution: China.

catalogue

basic document

Brief introduction of plants

Distribution of origin

morphological character

Propagation method (1) Cutting propagation

(2) Layered propagation

(3) sowing and breeding

(4) seed propagation

Maintenance and cultivation

Tiantuan management

Land selection and preparation

Planting 1, land selection and soil preparation:

2. Colonization:

3. On-site management:

cultivated variety

control of insect

Why does gardenia turn yellow?

Garden use

Medicinal value

Gardenia picking and processing

Sexual taste orientation

Efficacy indication

nutritional ingredient

food therapy

Precautions:

Healthy diet

Song hejiong edition

Gardenia blooms and blooms.

Rene Liu edition

Gardenia culture

Gardenia language

Gardenia legend

Therapeutic value

Basic Information of Gardenia Hometown in China

Brief introduction of plants

Distribution of origin

morphological character

Propagation method (1) Cutting propagation

(2) Layered propagation

(3) sowing and breeding

(4) seed propagation

Maintenance and cultivation

Tiantuan management

Land selection and preparation

Field planting

1, land selection, land preparation: 2, field planting: 3, field management: cultivated varieties of diseases and insect pests control gardenia Why do the leaves turn yellow? Gardening medicinal value Gardenia flower harvesting and processing taste meridian-returning efficacy Description of nutritional ingredients Dietotherapy precautions: health cookbook songs

He Jiong version of gardenia bloom, Rene Liu version of gardenia culture, gardenia language, gardenia legend, dietotherapy value, China gardenia hometown, began to edit these basic information.

Chinese name gardenia (zhΟ) is also known as peony, fairy tale, hippopotamus chef, moon peach, water cross branch, Zhi Zi flower, gardenia, yellow chicken and gardenia.

Gardenia, Gardenia, Yu Lian, White Bufo, Zen, Gardenia. The Latin scientific name Gardenia jasminoides is classified into angiosperms, dicotyledons, Rubiaceae and Gardenia in English: cape jasmine.

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Gardenia. It belongs to Rubiaceae. It is an evergreen shrub. Single leaf opposite or 3 leaves.

Leaf blade obovate, leathery, green and shiny. These flowers are white and very fragrant. Berries are oval, yellow or orange. I like a humid, warm, sunny and well-ventilated environment, but I don't want to be exposed to strong light. It should be planted in loose and fertile acid soil with good drainage. It can be propagated by cutting, layering, dividing plants or sowing. Flowers can be used as the spice of tea, and fruits can diminish inflammation and dispel heat. This is an excellent fragrant flower. Gardenia usually refers to the variety of gardenia with double petals for ornamental purposes. Gardenia is native to China. Like warm, humid and sunny environment, cold-resistant. Gardenia is semi-cloudy, afraid of stagnant water, and requires loose, fertile and acidic sandy loam. It belongs to Rubiaceae and Gardenia. Evergreen shrub. Branchlets are green, leaves are opposite, and leather is rectangular and shiny. Axillary flowers with short peduncle and fleshy. The fruit is ovoid to oblong, with 5-9 wing-like straight edges, and the cell1; There are many seeds embedded in the fleshy placenta. From May to July in bloom, flowers, leaves and fruits are beautiful, and the flowers are overflowing. Roots, leaves and fruits can be used as medicine, and have the effects of purging fire and relieving annoyance, clearing away heat and diuresis, cooling blood and detoxifying.

Edit the origin distribution in this section

It is cultivated in most parts of the country. Gardenia is distributed in Guizhou, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, southwestern Shaanxi and other provinces, and is also the city flower of Yueyang City, Hunan Province. (1July 2, 986)

Edit the morphological characteristics of this paragraph

Evergreen shrubs or small trees, 100-200 cm high, most plants are relatively low. Dry gray, green branchlets, opposite leaves or whorled main branches, obovate oblong, 5 ~ 14 cm long, suspicious and shiny, full lines, solitary branches or leaf axils, white and fragrant; Corolla salverform, 6-lobed, fleshy. Fruit ovoid with 6 longitudinal edges; The seeds are flat, the flowering period is from June to August, and the fruit maturity is 10 month. gardenia

Evergreen shrubs, woody flowers. It is more than 1 m, with opposite leaves or 3 petals, short stalks, leathery leaves, obovate or oblong obovate, tapering at the top, slightly dull and shiny on the surface, and short hairs clustered only in the axils of lower veins, showing sheath shape. The flowers are large, white, fragrant, with short stems and solitary branches; Calyx lobes obovate to oblanceolate, spreading, anthers exposed. There are 6 petals, double petals (gardenia). The flowering period is long, from May to June to August. Maturity 10 month, yellow fruit, oval to oblong, 5-9 straight wings, cells 1 cell. There are many seeds embedded in the fleshy placenta. Ecological habit Gardenia likes warm and humid climate and is not cold-resistant; The sunshine is good but can't stand the strong sunshine, so it is suitable for living in a slightly shady place. Suitable for growing in loose, fertile, well-drained and slightly sticky acid soil, it is a typical acid flower. Sex likes warm, moist and sunny, but it should avoid strong direct sunlight. It likes acidic soil with high temperature and good ventilation, and requires loose, fertile and well-drained soil. It is a typical acidic soil plant. Not cold-tolerant, semi-cloudy, afraid of stagnant water, can only be used as greenhouse potted flowers in northeast, north and northwest China. Gardenia is resistant to sulfur dioxide and can absorb sulfur to purify the atmosphere. 0.5 kg of leaves can absorb 0.002 ~ 0.005 kg of sulfur.

Edit the propagation method of this paragraph.

(1) cutting propagation

Cuttings can be cut at any time from June 10 to June 1 1 in the north and from April to beginning of autumn in the south, but the survival rate is the highest between summer and autumn. Cutting is a healthy 2-year-old branch with the length of 10- 12 cm. Cut off the lower leaves, dip them in vitamin B 12 injection first, and then insert them into the sand.

It can take root for about 15 days at 80% relative humidity and 20 ~ 24℃. If it is soaked in the -6 power of 20* 10 to the -6 power of 50 *10 for 24 hours, the effect will be better. Rooted seedlings can be transplanted or planted in pots when they begin to grow, and can bloom after 2 years.

(2) Layered propagation

In April, robust branches, 25 ~ 30 cm long, were selected from 3-year-old mother plants for layering. If there is a trigeminal branch, three seedlings can be obtained at the bifurcation. It usually takes 20 ~ 30 days to take root, and it can be separated from the mother plant in June, and it can be planted or potted separately in the next spring.

(3) sowing and breeding

Mostly in spring, seeds germinate slowly, about 1 year after sowing, and bloom after 3 ~ 4 years, so it is difficult to receive seeds in potted plants in the north. Commonly used cutting and layering propagation. Cutting: In the rainy season, the shoots with the length of 15 cm are inserted into the seedbed, and roots are produced from 10- 12. Layering: biennial branches, 20-25cm long, are selected in April, buried in the soil, kept moist, rooted in about 30 days, separated from the mother plant in summer, and planted separately in the following spring. Transplanting seedlings or potted plants should be carried out in spring and rainy season, with soil balls. Keep the soil moist during the growing period, and water it more during flowering and midsummer. Apply fertilizer 1 time every month, and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 1 time before flowering. Prune and reshape in early spring of the following year, and cut off dead branches and long branches in time.

(4) seed propagation

(1) Seed selection: Choose full, deep red ripe fruits and dry them in the sun or air as seeds. Before sowing, cut off the peel of the seeds with scissors, dig out the seeds, rub them with hot water to remove floating seeds or impurities, then take out the sunken and full seeds, spread them on bamboo mats, put them in a ventilated place to dry excess water, and then sow. (2) Land selection and soil preparation: select sandy loam with deep, loose and fertile soil layer, plow 1- 1.5 feet, border 4-5 feet wide and 6 inches high, and apply 20-30 loads of human manure per mu. When the soil is dry, the clods are raked shallowly. A sowing ditch with a row spacing of 6-7 inches and a ditch depth of about 1 inch was opened at the border for sowing. (3) Seeding and seedling raising: spring sowing or autumn sowing, spring sowing after rain and autumn sowing before and after the autumnal equinox, evenly sowing seeds in the sowing ditch, then covering the flat sowing ditch with fine soil or fire soil, covering with grass and watering, and often keeping the soil moist for seedling emergence, with 4-6 kilograms of seeds per mu. Pay attention to weeding in time after emergence, weeding frequently at seedling stage, and be careful not to damage the root system of seedlings. After weeding, it is necessary to chase human excrement and urine, and it will take one year to transplant seedlings.

Edit this part for protection and cultivation.

The suitable potting soil is 40% garden soil, 15% coarse sand, 30% dung soil and 15% humus soil. Gardenia seedlings should pay attention to watering, keep the pot soil moist, and apply decomposed thin fertilizer frequently. It is best to water it with rainwater or fermented rice washing water. During the growing period, if the soil is irrigated with 0.2% ferrous sulfate water or alum fertilizer water every 15 days (the two can be used alternately), it can prevent the soil from becoming alkaline, and at the same time, it can supplement iron to the soil to prevent the leaves of Gardenia from turning yellow. In summer, gardenia should spray water on the leaves every morning and evening to increase the air humidity and promote the luster of the leaves. Potted gardenia, after flowering in August, only water, control the amount of water. /kloc-move indoors before the cold dew in October/October and place it in a sunny place. Strictly control watering in winter, but you can often spray leaves with clear water. From May to July every year, the vigorous growth period of gardenia will stop, and the plants will be pruned, the top tips will be removed, the branches will be promoted to germinate, and the plants will bloom beautifully in the future.

A lot. Gardenia flowers are mostly propagated by cutting and layering, but they can also be propagated by sowing in separate plants, but they are rarely used. Cutting can be divided into spring cutting and autumn cutting. Spring sowing in the middle and late February; Autumn planting will be conducted from the end of September to the end of 10. Cuttings are 2-3 years old, cut into pieces of 10- 12 cm, leave two leaves on them, cut off half of them, and then insert them obliquely in the seedbed, leaving only one section on the soil surface, paying attention to shading and maintaining a certain humidity. Generally, it can take root in 1 month, and it can only be transplanted after 1 year. In the south, there is also a method of water-inserting propagation, that is, inserting cuttings on a disc made of reed stalks, floating it on the water, letting the lower part take root in the water, and then transplanting and cultivating it. Stratification can be carried out around Tomb-Sweeping Day in April or in rainy season. Select the annual robust branches of the three-year-old mother plant, pull them to the ground, and carve the buried parts on the branches. If the carved part can be dipped in 200ppm powdered acetic acid and then covered with soil for compaction, it will be easier to take root. Generally, you can leave the mother plant one month after taking root, and then transplant it with soil in the next spring.

Edit this section of field management.

Gardenia likes fat, but it is advisable to apply more thin fertilizer. The soil likes acidity and has good drainage. After transplanting seedlings, topdressing can be done once a month; Pruning once a year from May to July, cutting off the top to promote branching and form a complete crown. Removing dead flowers from adult trees is beneficial to vigorous flowering and prolonging flowering period. Potted gardenia should be poured out in time after the rain, and Huang should apply alum fertilizer in time. In the north, gardenias introduced from the south tend to be big in the first year, but they become smaller in the second year, and their leaves become Huang Yi and fall off. In severe cases, the plants die. The main reason is that the soil in the north is alkaline, the climate is dry and the water quality is not suitable for its growth. Therefore, the introduction from the south should be transplanted with soil as much as possible. Usually, the stored rainwater is watered or soaked in grass and peel, and it can also be fermented with salt-free swill. If 0. 1 kg ferrous sulfate can be added to 50 kg water, the effect will be better. In the vigorous growth period, grinding water and topdressing can promote lush foliage and bright leaves. In spring and autumn, the growth is slow. Apply 1 diluted liquid fertilizer every 2 ~ 3 weeks. After the summer, the temperature rises, and the growth is gradually vigorous. Liquid fertilizer can be applied every 7 ~ 10 day/time. In the morning and evening, clear water can also be used to spray leaves and nearby ground to increase air humidity. Before the autumn frost comes, transfer it to an environment where the winter temperature is not lower than 0℃ for winter.

Edit land selection and land preparation in this section.

Sandy loam with deep soil layer should be planted on sunny hillside. You can plant it in the corner of the field, or you can use beans

Interplanting between families and plants. Before planting, all the land should be reclaimed, the pockets of miscellaneous trees should be removed, and the pit should be dug at the row spacing of 4×4 feet, with the pit width 1 foot square and the depth of 0.8- 1 foot. 65,438+00-65,438+05 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer was applied to each hole, and it was planted after mixing soil in the hole.

Edit this section of planting

1, land selection, soil preparation:

Gardenia has low requirements on soil, and can be cultivated on hillsides, earth workshops, fields and corners. Dig a pit at the selected site with a row spacing of 4-6 feet (if the soil is good, the distance can be larger, otherwise it will be smaller), with a hole diameter of one foot and a depth of 0.8- 1 foot. Apply soil mixed fertilizer, green manure or human and animal manure as base fertilizer, and plant it after the soil fertilizer is uniform.

2. Colonization:

Planting should be carried out in cloudy days from March to April. After the seedlings are unearthed, they should be planted in time, not exposed to the sun and wind. If the transportation is far away, the roots should be moistened with yellow mud, covered with grass, planted in each hole, covered with soil, compacted and sprayed with water.

3. On-site management:

After planting, weeding and topdressing can be done once a year in spring and summer, and human and animal manure, manure, compost and cake fertilizer can be applied. Before flowering in summer, it is best to apply fertilizer with more phosphorus and potassium content, and fertilization is generally carried out after weeding and loosening the soil.

Edit cultivated varieties in this section.

At present, the main cultivated varieties and their varieties are: ① Gardenia macrophylla (also known as Gardenia macrophylla): large leaves, large flowers, strong aroma and double petals. ② Gardenia, with short plant, small leaflets and double petals. 3 Gardenia: also known as Gardenia, Gardenia. Plants are short, procumbent, with small and narrow leaves, which are oblanceolate. The flowers are small and fragrant. Double flowers. ④ Gardenia, also known as Gardenia, is a wild species of Gardenia. The leaves are slightly smaller, the flowers are single, and the orange-red fruit bears fruit in autumn, which lasts for a long time and has strong alkali resistance. It is a good tree species to enjoy flowers and fruits. In addition, there are gardenia ovata, gardenia microphylla, gardenia angustifolia, gardenia maculata and gardenia.

Edit this section of pest control.

Gardenia flowers tend to turn yellow, which is caused by many reasons, so different measures should be taken to prevent it. Yellowing disease caused by lack of fertilizer: this yellowing disease starts from the old leaves at the lower part of the plant and gradually spreads to the new leaves. Nitrogen deficiency: the leaves are yellow and the new leaves are small and crisp. Potassium deficiency: Old leaves turn from green to brown. Phosphorus deficiency: Old leaves are purple or dark red. For the above situation, we can force the application of iron deficiency caused by decomposed human manure or cake fertilizer: this yellowing disease is manifested in new leaves. At first, the leaves were pale yellow or white, and the veins were still green. In severe cases, the veins are yellow or white, and eventually the leaves will dry up and die. Spraying 0.2%-0.5% ferrous sulfate aqueous solution can prevent this situation. Yellowing caused by magnesium deficiency: this yellowing disease is gradually developed from old leaves to new leaves, and the veins are still green. In severe cases, the leaves fall off and die. Spraying 0.7%-0.8% boron and magnesium fertilizer can prevent this situation. Overwatering, freezing, etc. , it will also cause the leaves to turn yellow, so pay special attention in the maintenance process. When the indoor ventilation is poor and the temperature and humidity are too high in winter, gardenia is prone to scale insect harm and soot disease. You can scrape off scale insects with bamboo sticks, or spray 200 times of water with 20 # petroleum emulsion. For soot disease, clean water can be used to scrub or spray carbendazim 1000 times solution. The pests that harm gardenia are aphids, flea beetles and moth larvae. The first two can be dimethoate and trichlorfon, and the latter can be controlled by 666 powder or artificial capture of gardenia pests (1). Gardenia is prone to scale insects in the environment with high humidity and poor ventilation, so it can be cleaned with a small brush or 100 ~ 150 times 20 in time. (2) disease ① soot disease: it occurs on branches and leaves. After discovery, you can scrub or spray 0.3 baume stone sulfur mixture with carbendazim 1000 ~ 1200 times. (2) Rot disease: It often occurs on the lower trunk, and the stem expands and cracks. Immediately after discovery, it can be effective by scraping or smearing 5 ~ 10 degree stone sulfur mixture. Leaf spot disease and yellowing disease often occur in pests and diseases. Leaf spot was sprayed with 65% zineb wettable powder 600 times, and 0. 1% ferrous sulfate solution was regularly added with water to prevent yellowing. Insect pests are harmful to moth, scale insect and whitefly. Spraying 3,000 times of 2.5% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate on the moth, and 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate of 1.500 times of scale insects and whiteflies.

Edit this paragraph. Why does gardenia turn yellow?

There are many reasons why gardenia leaves turn yellow, and the common one is "green deficiency disease" caused by physiological diseases. Whether potted or planted in the ground, this situation is more common if the soil is alkaline or iron-deficient. Iron deficiency is characterized by bluish yellow between veins of young leaves, which will make the whole leaves yellow, even scorched leaves and branches wither, and finally cause plant death. Therefore, gardenia planted in the ground had better choose acid soil with good drainage and loose fertility; Potting should use 2 parts of decomposed soil, garden soil 1 part, and it is better to mix with some mountain mud. When yellow leaf disease occurs in the growth period from May to September, 0. 1% ferrous sulfate or 0. 5% ammonium sulfate can be added to the fertilizer solution, and it can get good results 1-2 times a month.

Edit the garden use of this paragraph.

Gardenia leaves are evergreen all the year round, flowers are fragrant and elegant, with green leaves and white flowers, which are particularly beautiful and lovely. Suitable for terrace, Chi Pan and roadside configuration, can also be used as flower bed fence and potted plants for viewing, and can also be used for flower arrangement decoration. Gardenia has lush foliage, beautiful flowers and strong fragrance. It is an excellent landscaping material in the courtyard, and can also be used for potted plants or making bonsai and cut flowers. The peel is used as a yellow dye. Wood is hard and fine, and it is a good carving material.

Edit the medicinal value of this paragraph.

Gardenia fruit is used as medicine to treat fever, hyperpyrexia, dysphoria, toothache due to excessive internal heat, sores on mouth and tongue, nasal congestion, hematemesis, conjunctivitis, sores and swelling, icteric infectious hepatitis, bean diseases and hematuria. External use for treating traumatic hemorrhage, sprain and contusion. Root medicine is mainly used for infectious hepatitis, traumatic injury and toothache caused by wind and fire.

Edit this gardenia collection and processing

Picking fruits from September to June+065438+1October, removing impurities such as fruit stalks, steaming or boiling with boiling water (alum can be added), taking out and drying in the sun. Fruit is not easy to dry, so it should be turned frequently to make it well ventilated to avoid mildew and deterioration. Dig roots in summer and autumn, wash and dry. Medicinal gardenia leaves

Gardenia began to blossom and bear fruit after 2-3 years of cultivation. 11-65438+The fruit begins to mature in February, and can be harvested when the peel is yellow-green. Picking in sunny days, the picked gardenias should be aired or dried in time.

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