Rose, rose and rose are three outstanding figures in Rosaceae, all of which belong to deciduous shrubs. The height of the rose is1~ 2; Branches slender, ascending or creeping, prickly. Pinnate compound leaves; 5 ~ 9 leaflets, obovoid to oblong, length1~ 3cm, width 0.8 ~ 2cm, acute or slightly obtuse apex, wide wedge-shaped or round base, serrated tip and pilose margin; Petiole and leaf axis usually have glandular hairs; Stipules are mostly attached to petioles, the top lobes are lanceolate, the edges are toothed, and there are glandular hairs. Corymb is conical with many flowers; Pedicels are glandular hairy and pilose; The flowers are white and fragrant, with a diameter of 2 ~ 3 cm; Styles protrude from the receptacle and form a row, almost as long as stamens, without hair. Rose fruit is spherical to ovoid, 6 mm in diameter and reddish brown. The romance of roses was thus formed.

Wild rose, also known as white residual flower, has been a famous flower since ancient times. It belongs to Rosa davurica, a deciduous shrub. Rosa davurica likes to grow in the bushes beside the road, fields or hills, and is distributed in East China, Central South China and other places. From May to June, when flowers are in full bloom, they are harvested on sunny days and dried in the sun for medicinal purposes. Wild rose has many colors, such as white, light red, dark pink, yellow and so on. And the flowers are very attractive. Gu Lin in the Ming Dynasty once wrote a poem: "A hundred-foot-long rose branch fills the air into the bridal chamber. Honey leaves are green and heavy, and flowers are red and brocade. Zhang Zhuyun played chess and sent this Zhu Xiachang. Xiangyun lost her clothes and left a lingering fragrance in January. " This poem paints a colorful picture. Rose is a plant with dense foliage and many flowers, which is mainly distributed in Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui and Xinjiang. The flowering period is usually from May to June, and its flowers are charming and lovely, with pleasant fragrance.

Edible efficacy of roses

Rosa davurica can be eaten or used as medicine. Sweet and cool in nature, it has the effects of clearing away heat and dampness, regulating qi and regulating stomach, and stopping bleeding. It is often used to treat chest distress, thirst, vomiting, anorexia, aphtha, mouth opening, diarrhea, dysentery, hematemesis, traumatic hemorrhage, etc. Its flowers contain astragaloside IV and volatile oil, which has high medicinal value.

Modern research

Rosa davurica is native to North China, Central China, East China, South China and Southwest China in China. The provinces south of the Yellow River Basin are mainly divided into plains and low hills. There are many kinds of flowers, which can be seen in ordinary houses and gardens. The Korean peninsula and Japan are also distributed. Rosa davurica is strong in fruit, light-loving, semi-shade-tolerant, cold-resistant, and has low requirements for soil, and can also grow normally in cohesive soil. Resist poverty and avoid low-lying water. Fertile and loose slightly acidic soil is the best. It should be noted that those plants that like light can grow normally or well only in sunny environment. If they are in a relatively cool environment, their growth will be abnormal, and in severe cases they will die.

Rosa davurica is common in families and gardens. Its flowers are lovely and beautiful, and the fragrance is compelling, which can bring vitality to home and garden. Gardens are mainly used for vertical greening of flower stands, corridors, powder walls, gates and rockeries, and their flowers have strong resistance to toxic gases. Roots, leaves, flowers and fruits can be used as medicine. And foundation planting, river slope hanging, can also be planted next to the fence to attract it to climb. Artificial wild roses will not bear fruit, but wild roses will bear delicate red fruits. In addition to the appearance can be compared with other wild roses in the United States, the fruit can also be practical. This flower has a poetic temperament, so its flower language is very romantic. The person born with this flower blessing is romantic and a child who likes to dream. But he has a keen judgment in handling things and is suitable for artistic work. Emotionally, he is also a perfectionist. But give this kind of person a piece of advice, there is nothing perfect in reality, don't pursue perfection too much, or you will fall into it.

Plastic methods of potted roses

There is no limit, roses will grow many lush branches and leaves. If you want to make potted plants, you must pay attention to larger containers so as to meet its growth. Potted roses are usually potted in June of that year (1 1) or March-April of the following year. The cultivation container should be larger to facilitate the extension of roots. When transplanting, the roots should be slightly trimmed (cut off the injured or too long roots) and then planted. The planting depth should be shallow, the roots should be left underground, and then watered. After the new buds grow in spring, properly sparse the buds, sparse the poorly developed or over-dense buds, and maintain strong buds. Trimming and shaping should be done at least twice a year. The time of 1 is after the end of spring and summer flowers, probably from July to August. The second time was in 65438+February after autumn flowers or March of the following year. Principle of thinning branches: remove weak and sick branches, keep strong branches, and thin dense branches so that the remaining branches are evenly distributed and occupy reasonable space. Pruning: after potted Rosa davurica, it is necessary to prune the branches, generally leaving 15 ~ 20cm. Potted roses made in this way will be very beautiful.

The main varieties of roses

With artificial hybridization, there are more varieties of roses.

Pink rose: This kind of rose is mostly pink and rose red, suitable for growing in Dabie Mountain, Tongbai Mountain, Funiu Mountain and Taihang Mountain. Its flowers are large and simple, with a crown diameter of 3 ~ 4 cm. The inflorescence in the flat umbrella room is flowery, the pedicel is hairless, the fruit is red, small, and the leaflets are large, with 5 ~ 7 flowers. This kind of rose has few seeds, sometimes even none.

Lotus rose: This kind of rose is a bit like a lotus flower. Its color is white, single and fragrant. It belongs to deciduous shrubs, with a height of1~ 2m; Branches slender, ascending or creeping, prickly. Leaflets are usually 5-9, obovate to elliptic,1.5-3 cm long and 0.8-2 cm wide, with sharp or blunt tips and sharp serrations at the edges, pubescent on both sides and nearly hairless when old; Petiole and leaf axis are pubescent or glandular hairy; Stipules are mostly connate with petioles, and the margin is dentate, with glandular hairs. Many flowers, 2 ~ 3 cm in diameter, conical corymb; Pedicel glandular hairy and pilose; Styles united into columns, glabrous, nearly as long as stamens. Rose fruit is dark red, spherical to ovoid, and about 6 mm in diameter. This kind of rose usually blooms from May to July, and bears fruit in June at 5438+ 10.

Seven Sisters: Also known as Ten Sisters, it is a semi-evergreen creeping shrub. The flowers are crimson and double. 6 ~ 7 flowers are flat umbels with large leaves and strong tendrils. This kind of rose is everywhere. Like to grow in the wild, roadside or forest edge, mainly distributed in North China, East China, Central China, South China and Southwest China. Its flower is used as medicine, which has the functions of invigorating stomach, quenching thirst and stopping bleeding. The fruit is called Shi Ying, which can expel rheumatism and benefit joints, and is also used as a laxative and diuretic; Roots can dispel wind and promote blood circulation; External use of leaves to treat swelling poison; Easy cutting propagation, used as hedge material. There are many varieties of this kind.

Golden poppy seed: It is also one of many flower varieties. It belongs to evergreen climbing shrubs. Its height can reach more than 5m, the stem is prickly and hairy, with 3 leaflets and 5 sparse ones. The terminal leaflets are large, with faded spines on the back along the midvein and sharp serrations on the edge. Stipules are separated from petioles and fall off early. Flowers are solitary, with lateral branches, white and fragrant, and the stigma is stuffed in the mouth of the style. Only a few of them are the most famous, and many varieties are not introduced here.