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The desperate and disgusting practice of grinding human bones into bread.
Feifei fom! I smell the blood of an Englishman: whether he is alive or dead, I will grind his bones to make bread.

It comes from the popular fairy tale Jack and the Beanstalk and is one of the most famous rhymes in English.

This poem was written by a giant. Jack met the giant at the top of the beanstalk.

The idea of grinding human bones into bread can reasonably be regarded as an illusion.

Nevertheless, examples of human bones being ground and reused, including those used to make bread, are recorded in history. This is jack and the beanstalk giant.

The Story of Jack and the Beanstalk is one of the most famous children's fairy tales in English.

This story first appeared in the print of 1734 during the reign of George II in England, which is slightly different from the familiar "child-friendly" version today.

One of the characters in the story is a giant. When he found the boy in his castle, he threatened to grind his bones to make my bread.

With this line, the giant was effectively cast into a man-eating monster.

The threat of giants will naturally make any child's spine tremble when he first hears this story, although people may think that the man-eating giants are fictional, that's for sure. Of course, they do not exist in today's world.

However, facts are sometimes stranger than novels. There are several examples that show that human bones are not crushed by giants, but are crushed by others and then reused.

One of them was found in Pierre delaisse Tole's diary. He was a statue of Pierre delaisse Tole, general secretary of the French Parliament during the siege of Paris in 1590.

(Harmonia Amanda /CC BY-SA 3.

0)/kloc-In the second half of the 6th century, France was involved in a religious war, and Catholics opposed Protestants.

1590, Paris controlled by the Catholic League was surrounded by the royal French army led by Henry of Navarra (the future Henry IV of France).

The besiegers tried to starve the defenders, thus preventing food from entering the city.

In mid-June, de L'Estoile described that a meeting was held to solve the food shortage and the French religious war-the Saint bartholomew's Day massacre.

During the congress, it was suggested that the bones of Charnell House (a building used to store the remains unearthed during the excavation of new graves) be ground into flour and made into bread. Because of their despair, no one opposed the proposal and the plan was implemented.

However, delaisse Tory pointed out that despite this, when the bread eater died, the experiment was soon abandoned.

Another witness, Enrico Catarino Davila, an Italian historian and diplomat who participated in the French religious war, confirmed this.

(Martin/Adobe) However, why people who eat "bone bread" die is not completely clear at present, and some hypotheses are put forward.

Some unreliable claims include that bones contain arsenic or deadly viruses, or that eating this bread will have a negative psychological impact on its consumers (because cannibalism is almost universally prohibited), which will lead to their death.

A more reasonable assumption is that human bones lack calories and nutrients, so they cannot provide the nutrients needed to maintain a person.

In addition, bones are mainly composed of inorganic minerals, which are difficult to digest and excrete after eating.

These minerals accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract of people who eat bone bread, which may lead to intestinal obstruction, which will be fatal.

Although human bones are malnourished, they are rich in minerals, especially calcium.

Although the Parisians besieged in 1590 may not know it, Europeans realized it at the beginning of 19 century.

18 15, Ed after Napoleon's defeat at waterloo.

This major conflict caused many soldiers to die on the battlefield. A few years after Waterloo, their bones (along with those of horses) were (usually) transported to Hull and then sent to the bone wringer.

However, ground bones are not used to make bread, but to produce fertilizer, because they are rich in minerals.

Battle of Waterloo-The bones of the dead were used on the ground.

(Napoleon.org.pl/Public) Finally, it may be mentioned that there is a kind of bread from England called bone bread.

Fortunately, this formula needs no bones.

In fact, the name of this bread comes from English bone bread, a ghoul who lived on the Severn River in Gloucestershire from 65438 to 1960.

(jackmac34/CC BY-SA 1。

0), above: Grinding bones into bread-human skulls and fresh bread.