The main goal of autumn pruning of apple trees is to reduce local consumption, promote overall accumulation, and improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, thereby achieving the purpose of improving fruit quality. During production, it was found that some fruit farmers had some problems that cannot be ignored during autumn pruning. It is summarized as follows and suggestions for improvement are put forward.

(1) Inaccurate timing can backfire

Pruning too early in autumn can easily cause branches to grow; pruning too late in autumn will not significantly slow down the growth momentum and will also affect the growth of the branches. Light and wasted nutrients.

Improvement suggestions: According to local conditions, the general topping and shrinking time is 30 to 40 days after the autumn shoots stop growing and before the leaves fall. Thinning branches can continue from summer to autumn. As long as they are sprouting branches of the current year, they can germinate at any time and be thinned out at any time. There is no time limit. However, the thinning out of branches that are more than one year old depends on the situation; while wearing a hat must be done at It is better to do it 25 days after the autumn shoots are released. Opening branches in autumn is the main measure to improve the permeability and vigor of the tree. It should be carried out after the autumn shoots have basically stopped growing, focusing on the branches of the current year.

(2) Wearing too many caps will cause the branches to be disordered

The main manifestations are: as long as it is autumn pruning, no matter what variety or type of branches, they will all be cut at the junction of spring and autumn branches or at the junction of spring and autumn branches. Capping the junction of first- and second-year branches will result in vigorous growth of new shoots around the entire tree, which can easily form "lion heads". Not only does it fail to slow down the growth momentum, but it causes vigorous growth.

Improvement suggestions: In mid-to-late August, for the new shoots on the auxiliary branches of Red Fuji, Golden Delicious and other varieties, wear hat shears at the blind joint at the junction of spring and autumn shoots, and you can also trim some excessive shoots. The vigorous slow-growing perennial branches should be pruned with caps at the junction of first and second years; marshal apples are not suitable for pruning with caps. During the specific operation, the following methods should be mastered: all strong auxiliary branches and large lateral branches should be capped, while some weaker long branches and mediocre branches should be capped. In addition, the backbone branches and extension heads at all levels are generally not suitable for pruning with the cap method.

(3) The branches are thinned too lightly and the light path is blocked

The main manifestations are: when thinning the branches in autumn, only the overgrown branches and the sprouting branches at the cutting edge of the pruning are removed When the branches are established in the current year, other branches will not be thinned or retracted, which will lead to poor canopy closure, which is detrimental to flowering and fruit coloring in the later period.

Improvement suggestions: Around mid-September, thin out and retract ineffective branches, overlapping branches, cross branches, leggy branches, competing branches, etc., focusing on cleaning up inner branches and current-year branches. , the pruning amount should not be too large. 15 to 20 days before the fruit is harvested, the overly dense branches, floor-sweeping skirt branches and peripheral clustered branches in the upper part of the tree must be retracted or thinned out according to the situation. The diameter of the thinning and retraction cuts at this stage should not exceed 3 cm.