1. Before planting, remove the grafting film at the grafting interface, keep the damaged main roots and excessively long lateral roots at 15cm for moderate pruning, and cut off two-thirds of the leaves at the same time. Seedlings should be soaked in clean water 1 ~ 2 hours according to water loss. When planting, the pruned seedlings are immersed in mud or water solution mixed with carbendazim and rooting powder for disinfection, so as to promote the rooting and survival of the seedlings.
2. When planting, dig a 50 cm square soil layer at a pre-designated position, make a hole with a depth of 10 cm, spread the roots of loquat around the planting hole, bury the roots with fine soil and step on them to make a tree tray with a height of 80 cm square, which is slightly 20-30 cm higher than the ground. The roots should be watered thoroughly, and each plant should be about 20 kg.
Re-cover the soil until the seedlings are in the soil mark position of the nursery, exposing the marriage interface outside the soil. Then it is covered with a black plastic film with a square width of 1 m, and the surrounding is tightly sealed, which plays the role of warming and moisturizing and promoting the normal growth of seedlings.
Check the water content every 10 ~ 15 days. If the water content is insufficient, uncover half of the plastic film and irrigate it in time to keep alive. At the same time, after planting, spray 1 ~ 2 times 1.8% sodium nitrate or seaweed nutrient solution in time to promote callus formation and root growth and improve seedling survival rate.
Loquat fertilizer and water management 1, young tree fertilization (1 ~ 3 years) should adopt the principle of thin application and diligent application in the young tree period of loquat. The first fertilization is applied when the new buds grow to 5 cm after sowing. The main fertilizers are available nitrogen fertilizer, effective phosphate fertilizer and clear water fertilizer. Once every 15 days, each plant uses 5 ~ 10 grams of urea, 5 grams of calcium superphosphate and 3 ~ 5 kilograms of clear water fertilizer.
Fertilize once every 1 month after September, and use nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium together. Apply10g urea,10g calcium superphosphate and10g potassium sulfate to each plant at appropriate concentrations.
2. Fertilize once every two years, 5438+00 in February, March, May, September and June. 50 cm away from the main stem of loquat, drill three small pits, apply about 50 grams of compound fertilizer to each plant (the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 15: 15: 15), and cover after watering.
Applying compound fertilizer at the end of June and the beginning of July can increase the yield of each pit by about100g. The fertilization position should be moved outward appropriately, staggered from the previous fertilization position. Stop applying nitrogen fertilizer from early June to August, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and control water to promote flower bud division. In September, an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer can be applied again to strengthen the nutrient accumulation of trees and enhance their wintering ability.
In the process of using fertilizer, avoid excessive use of fertilizer to burn roots and seedlings and affect growth. According to the growth potential, the fertilization site gradually moved outward, and the amount of fertilization water per plant increased.