1. metal and alloy materials: including gold, 3 16L stainless steel (iron-chromium-nickel alloy), cast cocrmo, titanium and alloy, etc.
2. Carbon materials: including glassy carbon and low-temperature isotropic carbon.
3. Polymer materials: including acrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyethylene.
4. Ceramic materials: including biologically inert ceramics, bioactive ceramics and biodegradable ceramics.
5. Composite material: the combination of two or more of the above materials, such as spraying ceramics on the metal surface.
The commonly used implant material is mainly titanium, and the coating is mainly titanium or cobalt alloy. The physical and chemical properties of cobalt are famous for its light weight, no rust and high strength machinability. Cobalt is widely used in medical treatment, such as artificial bones and joints, heart valves, pacemakers and dental implants. Titanium has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, mainly because an oxide film is formed on the surface, which is stable at room temperature after oxidation. When heated to above 800℃ in air, it is violently oxidized. It has a low semiconductor elastic modulus, similar to that of bone. It will produce vibration. It has good biocompatibility, no toxicity, no side effects, no magnetism, no irritation, good stability and wettability in vivo, and it is not easy to attach organic matter, so it has a good application prospect.