Post on the news page, know MP3 pictures, videos, encyclopedias, and ask for help.
Add to the search, and return to Baidu Encyclopedia homepage to edit the entry. Surgery is an operation to treat or diagnose diseases with knives, scissors, needles and other instruments. It is the main treatment of surgery.
There are many classification methods for classified surgery. According to disciplines, it is divided into general surgery, orthopedics, urology and so on. According to the urgency of the disease, it is divided into: ① elective surgery. Sooner or later, the operation will not affect the effect of the operation. ② limited operation. Although the operation time can be selected, it is not advisable to delay the operation for too long. ③ Emergency operation. Operations that need to be performed quickly in the shortest time. According to the number of operations to achieve the purpose of treatment, it is divided into: ① one operation. A complete operation. ② Staged operation. Due to the limitations of various conditions, it is necessary to complete the operation in several stages at certain intervals. According to the purpose of operation, it can be divided into: ① diagnostic operation. An operation to make a definite diagnosis. ② Radical surgery. Generally refers to the surgery to remove tumors. Benign tumors can be completely removed; Radical resection of malignant tumor requires one-time block resection of the primary focus and the corresponding regional lymph nodes. ③ Palliative surgery. Because of the limitation of conditions, radical surgery can't be done, only surgery to relieve symptoms can be done. According to the pollution situation, it can be divided into aseptic operation, pollution operation and infection operation.
Preoperative preparation In order to carry out the operation smoothly, prevent postoperative complications and achieve the expected curative effect, preoperative preparation must be done well. In addition to psychological preparation, we should also determine the clotting time, check the heart, lungs, liver and kidney functions, and determine the blood type and matching. Let the patient exercise to adapt to the operation and postoperative changes. 65438+ 0 days before operation, haircut, bathing, changing clothes, shaving in the operating area, checking body temperature, menstrual cramps and so on. Fasting 12 hours before operation, and water prohibition for 4 hours before operation to prevent aspiration or suffocation caused by vomiting after anesthesia. Patients with malnutrition, hypertension, diabetes or heart, lung, liver and renal insufficiency should be treated according to different conditions, and surgery can only be performed after reaching the standard of tolerance surgery.
Post-operative Precautions 24 After major surgery