The subtle changes in nails can predict a person's health status. If you look at your health from your nails, the key lies in the color and shape of your nails. Healthy nails should be smooth and smooth, with no vertical and horizontal grooves on the nail surface, no interference spots on the nail surface, symmetrical nails, no deviation, no signs of depression or upward tilting of the ends. As far as general nails are concerned, although there are many varieties, there are actually no nails that are exactly the same. Generally speaking, healthy nails can be distinguished as: ordinary nails, large nails, small nails, long nails, short nails, wide nails, narrow nails, etc. Normal nails occupy 3/5 of the finger and are arched in a rectangular shape. The transverse diameter of the top is slightly larger than the transverse diameter of the base. The white part of the base of the nail is like a half-moon, which is called the nail half-moon. It is also commonly known as nail white. It is located symmetrically in the center of each finger. , no big offset. Speaking of which, when all fingernails have the right nail white, it can be inferred that the human body is in good health. If 10 fingernails are intact or have only a little bit of nail white, it means that the body is exhausted or suffering from illness. The most ideal nail white should account for about 1/5 of the nail area. Too large or no nail white does not mean that the body is very strong. The growth and shape of nails are affected by changes in the body at any time. Especially from the color of my nails and whether they have the whiteness of ordinary people, I am already very satisfied with it, and I can tell whether I am healthy or pregnant with disease. In addition, some clues can also be seen from the following 10 different kinds of sick nails. We should pay attention to this and adopt correct handling methods to strive for early correction. 1. The causes of brittle and cracked nails should first be identified: first, the nails are in contact with water for too long; second, insufficient protein, calcium, sulfur, zinc and other elements in the diet or vitamins A, B, and C; third, chronic diseases Or the mood is in a state of stress; the fourth is oral contraceptives; the fifth is caused by nails being polished or using abrasives. You may wish to adopt the following correction methods respectively. 1. Take two tablespoons of yeast and 1,000 mg of choline orally every day. It is best to add these nutrients to fluid or milk and take them orally. This will help improve the strength of nails. 2. Since lack of iron can cause dry and brittle nails, it is best to eat more iron-rich foods and take vitamin C to improve the ability to absorb iron. 3. Soak the nails that have been tested and have no defects in warm wheat germ oil or other natural oil for about 5-10 minutes every day, and then massage from the fingertips to the surface cuticle. If you use an emery board to slightly abrade the nail surface, the oil can penetrate more easily. 4. Soak your fingers in dilute vinegar every night. This is a good way to prevent nails from easily splitting. White iodine used on the top of the nail and under the tip of the nail can not only restore the flexibility and strength of the nail, but also prevent the nail from being cut in sections. 2. Nails turn fishy or pink. A person suffering from chronic diseases, long-term emotional depression, smoking, or having fingers exposed to chemical contaminants such as carbon paper and hair dye can cause nails to become discolored or dyed. If your nails are heavily stained, it may be better to wait until new nails grow back. If you want to remove surface staining in time, you can use a piece of lemon to rub your fingertips repeatedly, and then rinse and dry. 3. Nails grow in strange shapes. If there is a long-term lack of protein or iron, it is usually easy to cause spoon-shaped or flat nails, which can be corrected by improving dietary nutrition. It is said that wearing artificial nails can help the nails store moisture and become soft, causing the nails to bend upward. To solve this problem, you should increase nutrition as appropriate and remove the artificial nails you are wearing. 4. Nails are dull. If the nails are wavy and dull, it may indicate a lack of protein, a lack of vitamins A and B, or a lack of minerals. For this, you can improve your daily diet and take a multivitamin supplement every day. Add 15 grams of vitamin B6 and zinc. If the nails are dull and completely white, it indicates that you may be suffering from liver disease. At this time, you can ask a physician to check and assist in diagnosis and treatment. 5. Pale nails This may be a sign of zinc deficiency and vitamin B6 deficiency, or it may be caused by anemia. After improving your diet and nutritional status, the symptoms of pale nails still persist, so you should seek advice from a doctor to find out the cause. 6. Nail dents: This type of nail disease indicates a lack of calcium, protein, and sulfur in the body. These nutrients can be obtained from eggs and garlic, and it is best to eat them regularly. 7. Ridged, grooved and grooved nails If you wear artificial nails or do not pay attention to trimming the cuticles on the surface, you can cause ridged, pitted and grooved nails. These abnormal phenomena can be caused by disease and nutritional deficiencies, so they must be treated symptomatically. 8. Line-like raised nails. Unsightly and unusual nails often occur after poor mood or illness. If you can eat a proper diet rich in protein every day and take vitamin C plus 15 mg of zinc supplements at the same time, you can speed up regeneration. The growth of nails can make the horizontal raised linear nails gradually disappear. 9. Vertical grooved nails sometimes only occur after the age of 40. This is due to the weakened cell regeneration capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to check at least once a year to see if there is anemia or lack of vitamins and minerals. situation. This condition may reveal a deficiency in vitamin A, calcium or iron. 10. Soft and weak nails. This type of unhealthy nails is often caused by excessive contact with water or chemicals in nail cosmetics. Secondly, it is also related to poor mood and poor diet. You might as well eat more sunflower seeds in your daily life to increase your vitamin A intake. In addition, 5000 mg of dolomite can be taken orally every day.

It is reported that this product can supplement calcium and magnesium, and can restore soft and brittle nails to normal within 3 weeks, giving them a completely new look. How to measure health with fingernails It is not idealistic to judge a person's health by looking at fingernails. A person must be well nourished for their nails to grow normally, otherwise there will be some unusual signs that doctors can often use to diagnose major illnesses. Here are several signs of nail abnormality: 1. Clubbing: The nail is significantly arched upward and curves around the finger. Nail clubbing may indicate emphysema, tuberculosis, cardiovascular disease, ulcerative colitis, or cirrhosis. 2． Blue Crescent: If the crescent-shaped white mark at the base of the nail has a blue halo, it may indicate any of the following conditions: blocked blood circulation, heart disease, Raynaud's syndrome, vasospasm of the fingers and toes, usually Due to exposure to freezing. But it is sometimes associated with rheumatoid arthritis or the autoimmune disease lupus. 3. Spoon-shaped nails: The middle of the nail sinks and the entire nail becomes flat or spoon-shaped. This kind of nails is related to iron deficiency anemia, syphilis, thyroid disorder, rheumatic fever, etc. 4. Lindsay's nails: The half of the nail near the tip is pink or brown, and the half near the thyroid is white. This type of nail is also called a two-part nail and may be a sign of chronic renal failure. 5. Beau's line: The appearance of horizontal grooves on the nails indicates malnutrition or some serious disease that will permanently affect the growth of the nails, such as measles, costalitis, and heart attack. 6. Terry's nails: Most of the skin under the nails turns white, leaving only a small area near the tip of the nails that still appears pink. This may indicate cirrhosis of the liver. 7. Yellow Nail Syndrome: Nail growth slows down and becomes thicker and harder; it turns yellow or green. Causes include chronic respiratory disease, thyroid disease or lymphadenopathy. 8． Bleeding: If these vertical red lines appear on the nails, it indicates capillary bleeding. If multiple such blood lines appear, it may indicate chronic hypertension, psoriasis, or a fatal infection called subacute bacterial endocarditis. . 9. Irregular pits: Many psoriasis patients have this sign. 10． Rows of pits: The surface of the nails becomes like the surface of copper hammered by a coppersmith, sometimes caused by alopecia areata. This is an immune disease of the body that is not well known in the medical field and can cause partial or complete hair loss. 11. Brown or dark spots: This type of discoloration, especially if the nail enlarges into the surrounding finger tissue, may indicate melanoma. They may be a single large patch or a bunch of small freckles, most commonly found on the thumbs and big toes. Vertical lines on nails generally occur in two situations: the nail ridge deck is thin and brittle, with longitudinal ridges protruding, and the distal end is often broken and divided due to malnutrition. It can also be seen in diseases such as lichen planus and alopecia areata. of patients. The typical longitudinal groove of the nail is a longitudinal ridge in the center of the nail plate, and the top of the ridge is sunken into a shallow groove. It can also have no ridge and show a significant groove. It is often caused by damage to the nail matrix. It can also be seen in patients with diseases such as lichen planus. It is an expression of abnormal reaction. In order to detect your disease in time, please always pay attention to your hands, it may be giving you advice. Nails and disease prediction The analysis of nails began in ancient times. Doctors of the Hispanic school advocated the nail analysis method, which is still used today, but most people don't know that small nails can truly reflect the health of the human body. The back of the nail rises very high upwards, while the periphery of the nail curves downward in an arc shape. Nails with this shape may indicate emphysema, tuberculosis, cardiovascular disease, ulcerative colitis, or cirrhosis of the liver. A blue crescent at the base of the nail may indicate one of the following conditions: impaired blood circulation, heart disease, or Raynaud's syndrome, a spasm of arteries in the fingers and toes, usually caused by extreme cold and sometimes associated with it. Associated with rheumatoid arthritis or the autoimmune disease lupus erythematosus. Nails that are sunken, flat, or spoon-shaped. This is associated with iron deficiency anemia, syphilis, thyroid disease, and rheumatic fever. Lindsay nails (aka two-tone nails). The half near the tip of the nail is pink or brown, and the half near the protective film is white. Such nails may be a sign of chronic kidney failure. The nails have deep parallel grooves. This is caused by malnutrition or any severe disease that temporarily inhibits nail growth, such as measles, rheumatoid arthritis, heart disease, and carpal tunnel syndrome. Most of the skin under the nails is white, and the general pink area on the fingertips is reduced and becomes band-like. Such nails may indicate cirrhosis of the liver. Nail production slows down, and the nails become thickened, hardened, and appear yellow or yellow-green. Causes include chronic respiratory, thyroid or lymph gland disease. This vertical streak of blood marks capillary bleeding. Many bloody streaks may be a sign of chronic hypertension, psoriasis, or potentially life-threatening subacute bacterial endocarditis. Most psoriasis patients have irregular and deep nails. The deep grooves in the nails that resemble hammered brass are caused by alopecia areata, an autoimmune disease that causes partial and total hair loss. Nails of both colors, especially those that extend from the nail to the surrounding tissue and are brown or black, may be associated with malignant melanoma. They may be one large spot or a patch of small spots. Symptoms are most likely to appear on the thumb and big toe. Extraordinary Nails and Main Diseases The average human nail is half of the third phalanx of the finger. It is neither wide nor narrow, elastic, not easy to break, and has a certain hardness. The edge is parallel to the flesh, is light red, rich in luster, and has no spots or bumps. .

If the nail is smaller than half of the third phalanx, the patient is usually weak and emaciated, and the digestive system function is disordered, but the disease resistance is strong. People with soft nails have poor energy, are prone to fatigue, like to sleep, have poor disease resistance, and are often withered and sluggish. People with hard and brittle nails often suffer from anemia and loss of appetite. White spots or mica-like spots on the nails indicate a lack of trace elements such as calcium and silicon, as well as parasites. Such people are prone to nervousness, irritability, and habitual constipation. The light-colored arc-shaped circle at the root of the nail is called the half-moon arc, commonly known as the health circle. The general health circle area accounts for about -1/5 of the nail, with no shadow. The width and size of the health circle vary from person to person and race to race. Generally, the health circle is about 3 mm for men and slightly smaller for women. The width of the index finger, middle finger, and ring finger decreases in descending order, and is mostly absent on the little finger. The elderly are narrower and those with malnutrition often disappear. Changes in the health circle can best indicate the nutritional status of the body and are a reminder light of the nutritional status of the human body. Nails - barometer of health Nails are a barometer of human health. Individual nails are rosy, tough and curved, smooth and shiny. The half moon at the root of the nail is off-white. If the shape and color of the nails vary, it indicates that the human body may be suffering from a certain disease. Here is some common sense about looking at nails: From the appearance of the nails: the nails are flat, sunken, spoon-shaped, brittle and dull, which indicates insufficient liver fluid or lack of liver fluid. Signs of iron deficiency anemia, hypochromic anemia, and light microcytic anemia. The nails are parrot-shaped and the fingertips are like drumsticks. They are more common in congenital heart disease with cyanosis, rheumatic heart with chronic heart failure and lung abscess, emphysema, silicosis, chronic fibrous tuberculosis, and chronic ulcerative disease. Colitis and other symptoms. The appearance of horizontal lines on nails is a sign of kidney disease or myocardial infarction; the appearance of vertical lines, a sign of lack of vitamin A, is a sign of liver disease; the appearance of indented pit lines is a sign of poor respiratory function. Judging from the color of the nails: the nails turn white, and the acute symptoms are seen in blood loss and shock; the chronic symptoms are seen in anemia, hookworms and gastrointestinal bleeding, late stage tuberculosis, pulmonary heart disease, etc. The treatment method is; if the nails are as white as ground glass, then It is a characteristic of liver cirrhosis; whitening, thinning and softness of nails is more common in chronic wasting diseases. Yellowing of nails is caused by lack of vitamin E. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that it is mostly caused by damp and hot fumigation and is seen in hypothyroidism, carrotemia and nephrotic syndrome. Disease, etc. Nails that turn gray are caused by onychomycosis. In the initial stage, the nails are itchy, and then the nails become deformed, lose their luster and become grayish white. Blue and purple nails accompanied by small red thorns are caused by lack of oxygen and indicate that the nails are half red and half white (commonly known as yin and yang nails) in the heart and lungs, indicating poor kidney function. The appearance of white spots or flocculent white spots on nails may be due to zinc deficiency, gastrointestinal disease or anemia; the appearance of black spots or livedo is a sign of poisoning; the appearance of erythema around the nails is more common in patients with lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis. If the nail half moon is blue, it means poor peripheral circulation; if it is obviously red, it is a sign of heart failure; if the nail half moon is obvious, the intestinal absorption is good; if it is absent or narrow, the digestion ability is poor. Nails are indeed a window to observe human health, so we should always pay attention to its changes, especially those who have long-term manicure. Don’t forget to give your nails a holiday every once in a while to let them show their true colors. If you find multiple nail mutations, you should Seek medical attention promptly; if there are changes in only one or two nails, there is no need to panic; it may be caused by trauma. Fingernails are considered healthy if they are pink, shiny, moderately thick, moderately soft and hard, not easily broken, have a smooth surface, and have a healthy ring (half-moon shape at the bottom of the nail) accounting for one-fifth of the length of the nail (preferably all five nails). mega. If the color is pale, yellow, cyan, black, dull, too thick or too thin, too soft or too hard, easy to break, the surface is fine and dull with grooves, vertical stripes, white spots, and the proportion of healthy circles is unusual, it is usually A sign of poor physical fitness. Pale white at the ends of the fingers indicates deficiency of Qi and blood, and dark purple indicates blood stasis. People with square fingers are prone to stone disease. People with the spoon finger mostly have a constitution with yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity, and are prone to stroke, chest numbness, diabetes and other diseases. When some hypertensive patients extend their fingers, their fingers tilt toward the thumb side. Nails should be healthy. Nails that are like hammers indicate incompetence. White nails indicate deficiency of Qi and blood, black nails indicate severe disease, and yellow nails indicate fumigation due to dampness and heat. If the basic color does not disperse when pressed, it is blood stasis. If the color does not persist for a long time, it indicates blood deficiency and qi stagnation. People with white spots often have parasites, are prone to fatigue, or have long-term constipation. Those with a healthy circle that is too large are mostly suffering from hyperactivity of liver yang and stroke; those with a too small circle are mostly suffering from gout, cough, gastroenteritis, peptic ulcer and encephalomalacia (which may become indistinct after a stroke); those with an unhealthy circle are mostly suffering from qi. Blood deficiency; those with many marks and grooves on the nail surface are parasites and spleen deficiency. If it occurs on the thumb, the person will feel tired; if it occurs on the index finger, it is prone to skin diseases; if it occurs on the middle finger, it is mostly impotence; if it occurs on the ring finger, it is prone to cough , eye disease; those who occur in the little finger are prone to throat disease, wind paralysis, damp heat and yellowing. If the nails are too thin, it means Yin deficiency and strong fire; if they are thin, soft, hard and brittle, it means insufficient liver and blood; if the nails are atrophied, they are mostly due to insufficient heart and spleen; if the nails are vertical, they are weak; if they are easy to break, the heart and Yang are weak; if the nail body is flat, it means the body is weak and sick, and it will become warped. Those with triangular-shaped nails are prone to stroke; those with eagle-claw-shaped or uneven nails are mostly caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis, chest numbness, wind paralysis, and muscle twins; those with cylindrical-shaped nails are prone to carbuncles and are susceptible to certain tumors. ; People with long claw nails are usually weak; people with concave nails are mostly due to kidney deficiency.

Fan-shaped incarcerated nails are mostly due to hepatic deficiency, yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity, and are susceptible to stroke; nails with sharp sides that drop sharply are prone to heart and blood stasis; a deep groove on the body of the nail indicates a serious illness or mental shock not long ago; food intake People with bulging nail surfaces usually have a weak personality; people with obviously narrow nails are prone to Zangzang syndrome; people with long and narrow nails are prone to rheumatic paralysis; those with broad nails with cyan tips are mostly due to qi deficiency and blood stasis; those with dull nails and obvious vertical lines are more likely to have them. Symptoms of coughing and asthma; short nails are mostly caused by heart qi deficiency and chest pain (especially those without a healthy ring); wide and short nails are mostly caused by gynecological diseases and chest pain (if they lack luster, it is often caused by infertility); very short nails are often caused by infertility. Suffering from cough and asthma. Nail Baby Health Barometer: Nails can tell you about your health, right? What do healthy nails look like? The nail is also called the nail plate. The front end is the fingertip, and the back part under the skin is called the nail root. The tissue under the nail root is called the nail base, which is where the nail grows. The skin covering the nail plate is called the nail frame. The semicircular light-colored area in front of the nail frame is the nail half moon, which can be regarded as a sign of health. Generally, baby nails are pink, very smooth and tough, and the half-moons of the nails are slightly lighter in color. Determining whether your baby's nails are healthy depends on many aspects such as their surface shape, color, texture, thickness and relationship with the nail bed. The color of the nail is very white, and white black spots appear on the baby's nail plate. This is scientifically called "lucky spot" and medically called "punctate leukonychia". If there are horizontal white lines or small white spots, or even the entire nail is When it turns white, the separation is called 'linear leukonychia', 'partial leukonychia', 'total leukonychia'. In fact, 'punctate leukonychia' and 'linear leukonychia' are more common in children, or are temporary. sexual harm. Yellow nails are when the entire nail turns yellow, mainly due to eating carotene foods. Fungal infections can also cause yellow nails, but they are often accompanied by changes in the shape of the nails. There is also yellow nail syndrome, a hereditary disease that is familial and often accompanied by edema of the face and limbs. Others, such as green armor and black armor, are relatively rare. If the color of the baby's nail and half moon is abnormal, it may be a sign of heart disease if it is red, or light red if it is anemic. If a child has transverse grooves on his or her nails, it may be an acute febrile disease (such as measles, lung fever, scarlet fever, etc.) or other skin diseases. If several rows of vertical shallow grooves appear in the center of the nail plate, it is seen in damage to the nail matrix and the skin disease lichen planus. The deck becomes thin and brittle, with vertical protruding edges, and the nail tips are easily torn and delaminated. This is a sign of nail malnutrition and is also seen in skin diseases such as lichen planus. Small dimples appear on the surface of the nail plate, which can occur in ordinary children but also in children with psoriasis (also known as "psoriasis"), eczema and other skin diseases. Longitudinal rupture of the nail may occur in hypothyroidism, abnormal anterior pituitary function, etc. The hardness of the nail plate is very high. When the nail is hard, the nail plate becomes thicker. It becomes thicker as it reaches the fingertips. It may be caused by congenital reasons, or it may be caused by long-term stimulation the day after tomorrow. For soft nails, the deck is thin and soft, easy to bend and turn white, and the nail tip is easy to split. It is seen in congenital abnormalities, vitamin B deficiency, syphilis, etc. Flat nails, spoon-shaped nails, hook-shaped nails, giant nails, small nails, onychomycosis, etc. are mostly caused by congenital incompetence, and clubbed nails are caused by both congenital factors and acquired heart disease. Graduate student at the Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Union Medical College. Principles of nail diagnosis. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the claws are the tendons and the liver and gallbladder. The liver stores blood and regulates diarrhea. Therefore, Wangjia can detect the rise and fall of qi and blood in the internal organs, as well as their circulation. The nail bed beneath the nail plate is filled with peripheral capillaries and nerve endings. Information about the body's blood circulation can be obtained by observing changes in the shape of capillaries and blood flow conditions on the nail bed. According to ancient microcirculatory practice, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases can be diagnosed from the changes in the tiny blood vessels on the nails. A person's nails can reflect the body's health or disease information. Our ancestors discovered through long-term in-depth and meticulous observation and repeated research that the fingernails of both hands have similarities and differences in disease response, and there are certain rules. Generally speaking, thumb nails mostly reflect lesions of the head and neck; index finger nails reflect lesions between the head below the diaphragm and above (including the upper focus, chest, heart, lungs, etc.); middle finger nails reflect lesions between below the diaphragm and the navel. (middle burner, liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, etc.); the ring fingernails reflect lesions from below the umbilicus to the second yin (lower burner, kidney, bladder, intestine, etc.); the little finger nails reflect lesions below the second yin and lower limbs (the second yin) , lower limbs, etc.). The fingernails represent the entire body, and some people call them nail embryos ("holograms"). When shaking hands, the body parts represented by the five fingernails together look like an embryonic baby. In addition to different fingernails representing different body areas and organs, people have also found that different areas of each nail also reflect different parts of the human body. Each nail is divided into five areas, representing different parts of the body. Due to space limitations, they will not be discussed here. Methods for nail diagnosis: The person being examined should wash their nails, and those with stained nails should remove the stain. Under natural light, ask the subject to stretch out his hand naturally, with his palm facing down, and place it flat on the table. The examiner carefully inspects the nail plate, nail half-lunar arc, nail bed, nail groove folds, etc., and pays attention to changes in the color, thickness, unevenness, patches, lines, etc. of the nail. Deck: Pay attention to its transparency, color, luster, size, thickness, flatness and concavity, soft, hard, tough and brittle texture, smooth or delicate, etc. Half-moon arc: observe its size and color. Nail bed: Use your fingers to press the nail plate and examine the shape, patterns, petechiae, color and vein dynamics of the nail bed through the nail layer. Nail folds (nail folds): Pay attention to their shape, color, dynamics of collaterals, and whether the joint with the nail plate is regular and whether there are any defects. Identify the nail color: White: The nail bed is pale, indicating deficiency of qi and blood.

If the disease is white and moist, the disease is mild; if the disease is white, haggard, unpretentious and fine, the disease is serious. Total nail pallor is common in anemia, malnutrition, cirrhosis, chronic colitis, onychomycosis, Raynaud's disease, pulseless syndrome, etc. Local leukonychia can be seen in tuberculosis, nephritis, lymphoma, and cancer. Punctate leukonychia (one or several white spots of varying sizes or white cloud-like or white flocculent spots appearing on the deck) can indicate digestive system diseases, malnutrition, zinc deficiency, syphilis, etc. Red: red nail bed indicates Qi and blood heat syndrome. If the nail bed is red and moist, the disease will be mild and mild. If the nail bed is red and withered, the disease will be severe and severe. Nail bed bleeding is also a red nail. If spindles appear on the free edge of the nail to form longitudinal linear bleeding, it can be seen in coagulation disorders, drug allergies, subacute endocarditis, etc. Yellow: The nail bed is yellow in color, indicating damp and heat fumigation. Yellow and conspicuous color indicates mild disease and short course. Dark yellow indicates serious illness and long course of disease. Yellow nails can be seen in hepatobiliary diseases, hemolysis, hypothyroidism, chronic adrenal insufficiency, nephrotic syndrome, carotenemia, etc. Cyan: The nail bed turns blue, indicating cold syndrome, blood stasis, pain syndrome, and convulsions. Seen in hypoxia or the use of adipine and phenolphthalein. Green and dry nails due to long-term illness indicate that the liver qi will disappear and the prognosis is poor. Black: black nail bed, mainly cold syndrome, blood stasis, and pain syndrome. The appearance of black nails that are withered and dull due to long-term illness indicates that the kidney qi will be extinguished, and the disease is dangerous. The appearance of one or several thin and black vertical lines on the nail surface indicates endocrine disorders, which can be seen in menstrual disorders, dysmenorrhea, malignant tumors, jet sickness, etc. After cancer receives radiotherapy and chemotherapy, each course of treatment can form a black mark on the nail, with circles recording each course of treatment. Blue: It indicates that the liver is blocked from evil and blood stasis is blocked. Modern research has found that oral administration of chloroquine, adipine, hemochromatosis, hepatolenticular degeneration, nitrite poisoning, and hypoxia can cause blue nails. Brown nail: rare in acanthosis nigricans, adrenal insufficiency, or oral administration of phenolphthalein, antimalarial drugs, etc. Red and white to half nail: The distal end of the nail is reddish brown, and the proximal end of the nail plate is glassy white, with obvious boundaries, which is rare in cirrhosis and azotemia. Atrophic nail shape: People with this shape of nails have overly sensitive nerves and react strongly to various stimuli, and often have clinical manifestations of malnutrition. Hypertrophic shape: People with this shape of nails often feel sensitive, prone to numbness in their limbs, susceptible to wind and cold, and often have a history of low back and leg pain. Long shape: People with long nails are prone to respiratory and cardiovascular system diseases, such as tracheitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, myocarditis, etc. Short nails: People with short nails are prone to coronary heart disease, diabetes, neurasthenia and other diseases. Triangular shape: The nail is narrow at the base and wide at the head. People with this shape of nails often have a history of headaches. Narrow shape: People with this shape of nails have poor physical constitution, but have strong disease resistance and tolerance. Olive-shaped nails: People with this-shaped nails are more likely to have atherosclerotic heart disease, high blood pressure, cerebral thrombosis, and are prone to brain tumors and myelopathy. Sector-shaped nails: People with nails with this shape are prone to stroke and impotence. Clinically, they are also more common in patients with hepatitis and cholelithiasis. Concave and horizontal line shape: People with this shape of nails may have parasitic diseases. Crooked and curved shape: The side of the nail is thin and there are horizontal lines on the nail. People with this kind of nail shape often suffer from hookworm disease, which indicates calcium deficiency, anemia or malnutrition in the body. The index finger is medium-high in shape: it is shaped like an animal's claws and is a sign of tuberculosis. Semi-circular: People with this-shaped nails often suffer from renal insufficiency. Cylindrical: Found in patients with advanced cancer. Flat-shaped nails: People with this-shaped nails are prone to lymphatic tuberculosis and throat diseases, such as pharyngitis, laryngitis, and acute suppurative tonsillitis. Vertical Line Shape: There are vertical lines on the nails and they are easy to break. People with this type of nails mostly have poor heart function or weakened intestinal peristalsis. There are more vertical lines on the thumb nails, which may be caused by a partial eclipse. Groove-shaped: There are deep grooves on the nails. People with this-shaped nails have a large number of internal parasites or intestinal paralysis. Grooves on the thumb nails often lead to depression; grooves on the index fingernails are prone to skin rashes; grooves on the middle nails indicate myasthenia; grooves on the ring fingernails are prone to eye diseases; grooves on the little fingernails Concave grooves are prone to hepatobiliary diseases, pharyngitis, neuralgia, etc.

The relevant answers to the question "What is the cause of the gray and black vertical lines on the thumb deck?" are provided by netizens and are for reference only.