Jiangyin City is located in the northern subtropical monsoon climate zone of China, with rainy and humid spring, alternating cold and warm, and occasional cold wave; Meiyu is obvious in summer, and the high temperature period is short; Affected by typhoon in autumn, autumn drought or rainy days may alternate; In winter, the severe cold period is short and there are few rainy days.
Jiangyin's climate is characterized by four distinct seasons, abundant sunshine, abundant rainfall and long frost-free period. The annual average temperature in Jiangyin is 15.6℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 39.4℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is-14.2℃. Average annual precipitation 107 1.3mm, average annual rainy days 122.9 days. The annual average sunshine hours are 2039.4 hours, and the sunshine percentage is 46%. The hottest year is July, with monthly average temperature of 28.0℃, monthly average precipitation 180.6mm, monthly average rainy days 12.9 days, monthly average sunshine hours of 2 13.6 hours and sunshine percentage of 49%. The coldest month of the year is 65438+ 10 month, with the monthly average temperature of 2.9℃, monthly average precipitation of 43.4 mm, monthly average rainy days of 8.4 days, monthly average sunshine hours 139.7 hours and sunshine percentage of 44%.
The common meteorological disasters in Jiangyin include typhoon, rainstorm, continuous rain, drought, cold wave, blizzard, hail, thunderstorm, fog and strong wind.
Jiangyin scenic spot
Jiangsu Zheng Xue Cultural Tourism Zone
National AAAA tourist scenic spot
Jiangsu Zheng Xue Cultural Tourism Zone is located in Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, covering an area of more than 70,000 square meters. It is a national AAAA-level tourist scenic spot. As the core of Jiangsu's academic, political, cultural and tourist areas, Jiangsu Academic Administration Hall is the place where scholars from eight provinces and three states take exams. Because of its large scale, complete facilities and many scenic spots in the park, it is known as the "crown of Jiangnan government offices". In the forty-second year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (16 14), the academic department was established, and the imperial examination system was abolished in 1904, which lasted for 292 years, and the school managed 124 students.
Binjiang fortress
Jianghai gateway, navigation fortress of ship lock
Jiangyin Riverside Fortress Tourist Area is located in the eastern suburb of Jiangyin City, bordering the Yangtze River in the north. Because of its geographical location, it is located in Jiangyin Huangshan Fortress. Since the Republic of China, it has been named township. Binjiang fortress tourist area consists of Huangshan Lake Park and Goose Mouth Park. Fort Town is located in the southeast of the city, bounded by Baiqu Port and Shanguan Town in the east, Huashan and Qishan in the south, Nanzha and Tingyun Town in the south, Xicheng Canal in the west and Chengjiang Town and Economic Development Zone in the north.
Jiangyin Zhongshan Park
Formerly known as Jiangsu Zhengxue Shuya Ruins Park
Jiangyin Zhongshan Park was originally Jiangsu Zhengxue Shuya Ruins Park. The modeling of many buildings and structures in the park reflects the architectural features of China classical gardens. The whole project includes Lotus Hall, Yongmu Road, Sculpture Square in Zhengxue District, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Tower and Shuixi Project. New Zhongshan Park consists of three parts: Zheng Xue historical and cultural area, ecological rest area and entertainment area. Among them, Zheng Xue Historical and Cultural District can best reflect Jiangyin's profound historical and cultural heritage, which is a new bright spot of Jiangyin's urban tourism and a new brand of Jiangyin's urban cultural tourism.
The geographical environment of Jiangyin
Position boundary
Jiangyin City is located along the Yangtze River in southern Jiangsu, with a total area of 987.53 square kilometers, of which the land area is 8 1 1.7 square meters.
Km, water area 175.8 square kilometers, and water area of the Yangtze River is 56.7 square kilometers. The coastline of the deep water along the Yangtze River is 35 kilometers long. The urban built-up area covers an area of 96.2 square kilometers.
Jiangyin is located at 3140' 34 "north latitude to 3157' 36" east longitude19 59' to120 34' 30 ".
Jiangyin is adjacent to the Yangtze River in the north, Jiangyin Bridge (G2 Beijing-Shanghai Line) connects Jingjiang City, Taihu Lake in the south and Wuxi with expressway. Expressway along the Yangtze River starts from Zhangjiagang, Changshu and Taicang to Shanghai in the east, and reaches Changzhou and Zhenjiang to Nanjing in the west.
Jiangyin is the geometric center of Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou "Golden Triangle", with Jiangyin reaching Shanghai, Nanjing 148km and Wuxi and Changzhou 38km. Generally speaking, the hills in Jiangyin and the urban area are northeast, and the height gradually decreases from southwest to northeast.
natural environment
Jiangyin is located in the northern end of Taihu Lake water network plain and the alluvial plain south of the Yangtze River. The whole terrain is gentle, with an average elevation of about 6 meters. The southwest edge is low-lying, with sporadic low hills scattered in the middle and northeast, and the terrain is high. The hills in the middle are mostly 200 meters above sea level.
The highest on the right is 273.8 meters in Dingshan, and the elevation of Huangshan Mountain in the northeast is 9 1.7 meters. There are more than 550 major rivers and tributaries near the Yangtze River.
Jiangyin has a subtropical monsoon humid climate, with an average annual temperature of 16.7℃ and an annual rainfall of1040.7mm. It has four distinct seasons, cold and humid winter, hot summer and pleasant spring and autumn, and is one of the important production areas of wheat, rice and other beam crops in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The main timber forests in Jiangyin are bamboo, pine and fir, and the excellent timber forests are Chinese fir, sassafras, camphor tree, Phoebe bournei, Phoebe bournei, Quercus acutissima, Castanea henryi and Ulmus pumila. There are more than 400 kinds of medicinal plants. More than 70 species of birds/kloc-0; There are more than 90 kinds of fish, including whitebait in Taihu Lake, swordfish in Yangtze River, shad and puffer fish. There are more than 30 kinds of mammals, mainly South China rabbits, leopard cats, weasels and so on. The water quality of Jiangyin fault section of the Yangtze River is Class II ~ III water.
Riverside geography
Jiangyin section of the Yangtze River has the narrowest river surface, so Jiangyin has been the "first fortress" guarding the throat of the Yangtze River since ancient times. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Jiangyin had many fortresses and other important fortifications.
The narrowest river surface in Jiangyin section of the Yangtze River is only1.200m. The Yangtze River suddenly tightens here and then flares up. Jiangyin has been a military stronghold and wartime fortress since ancient times. Jiangyin fortress is the second defensive throat from the sea to the river after Wusongkou, and it is known as the "locked artery".
Jiangyin is located at the end of the river, and the 35km deep-water coastline of the Yangtze River is a golden section of the "golden waterway". Pass through. Jiangyin section of the Yangtze River is a golden waterway, and the river wheel can go directly from Shanghai to Chongqing.
Jiangyin has been an important port for foreign trade since the Tang Dynasty. Wang Anshi, a politician in the Song Dynasty, once wrote a poem praising Jiangyin's "Huangtian Port": "Huangtian Port is like a sky, seeing a boat. Overseas pearl rhinos often enter the market, and mermaids and crabs don't care about money. " During the Shaoxing period of the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiangyin Port set up the "Municipal Shipping Department", which was one of the 1 1 ports in Hangzhou, Shanghai, Guangzhou, etc. along the coast of China at that time.
1in may, 1992, jiangyin port was approved by the State Council as a first-class port open to the outside world, which can directly go overseas. Jiangyin port customs, entry-exit inspection and quarantine, Yangtze River pilotage center, ocean shipping agency, ocean shipping supply and other independent inspection institutions are fully equipped. There are 45 berths of various types, including 10,000-ton berths 19, forming a port group consisting of five pillars of petrochemical products, containers, groceries, coal and grain, and building the largest petrochemical storage and transportation base and national grain reserve in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In 2000, the throughput of Jiangyin Port exceeded 6.5438+million tons, and on February 8, 2009, the throughput of Jiangyin Port exceeded 1 100 million tons, making it the fifth largest inland river port in China.
Jiangyin geographical environment
Location context
Jiangyin City is located in the south of Jiangsu Province, from 3140 ′ 34 ″ north latitude to 3157 ′ 36 ″ east longitude, and from119 59 ′ to120 34 ′ 30 ″ east longitude. North pillow Yangtze River, and Jingjiang River across the river; South of Taihu Lake, bordering Wuxi; East to Zhangjiagang and Changshu, 50 km from Shanghai/KLOC-0; Changzhou in the west is 0/50km away from Nanjing/KLOC-. The total area is 987.5 square kilometers.
topography
Jiangyin city is located in the northern part of Taihu Lake water network plain and Jiangnan alluvial plain. The terrain is gentle, with an average elevation of about 6 meters. The southwest edge is low, and there are sporadic low hills scattered in the middle and northeast, which are relatively high. Most of the hills in the central part are about 200 meters above sea level, with the highest at 273.8 meters in Dingshan, and the elevation of Huangshan in the northeast is 9 1.7 meters.
geology
Strata: Jiangyin belongs to the Jiangnan Strata Division of Yangtze Strata Area, and the strata under Quaternary overburden include Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous from old to new.
Structure: The main structure of the landform in the controlled area of Jiangyin City is Cathaysian structure, followed by Cathaysian structure and east-west structure.
land
The soils in Jiangyin City are divided into paddy soil, fluvo-aquic soil and yellow brown soil, and also into seven subcategories, namely flooded paddy soil, leached paddy soil, flooded paddy soil, percolated paddy soil, grey fluvo-aquic soil, coarse yellow brown soil and ordinary yellow brown soil, with a total of 1 1 soil genus, 30 soil species and several varieties. The area along the Yangtze River to the north of Jiangyin is fluvo-aquic soil and infiltrated paddy soil, which is developed from the alluvial sedimentary parent material of the Yangtze River and is mainly sandy. Southwest and southeast areas are latent paddy soil, which is developed from lacustrine parent material and has strong viscosity. The middle part is leached paddy soil and stored paddy soil, which is developed from loess-like parent material. The hilly area is composed of coarse yellow brown soil and ordinary yellow brown soil, which are formed by weathering and residual of sandstone and seasonal sandstone.
climate
Jiangyin has a humid monsoon climate in the north subtropical zone, with four distinct seasons, abundant sunshine and rainfall.
March 26th to May 3rd in spring1,lasting 67 days. In early spring, cold and warm air masses frequently appear in the sky, and the weather is sometimes cold and sometimes warm. In late March 2007, the highest temperature was 29.6℃ and the lowest temperature was -4.0℃. The highest temperature in April of two years was 34.3℃, and the lowest temperature in 199 1 year was 0.8℃. Mid-April to mid-May is the concentrated period of continuous rainy days in spring.
Summer lasts from June 1 day to September 20th, and the calendar period is 1 12 days. June-July is the rainy season, with an average date of June 18 and July 10, and the rainy season lasts for 23 days. May 7th (2 years), June 27th (2005), June 25th (200 1), and July 24th (2007) at the latest. The average rainfall is about 200 mm.
Autumn September 21-11,with a duration of 6 1 day. Typhoon activities affecting Jiangyin in September are still frequent, which is the concentrated period of continuous rain in autumn. 10 from the middle of 10, the cold air is strengthened day by day, often under the control of stability and high pressure, with crisp autumn air, more wind and rain and more sunshine. In some years with high temperature, there will be "autumn tiger" weather. In autumn, the temperature dropped rapidly, with the average temperature in June 18.4℃ and 10/25 October dropping to 4.7℃. 1The average temperature in October dropped to 1 12.4℃.
Winter165438+1October 2 1- March 25th of the following year, with a calendar period of125th day. It is dry and cold in the early stage, with little rain and snow, and it is cold and rainy in some years in the later stage. In June, 5438+February, the temperature dropped obviously, and the monthly average temperature was 6.3℃. June+10/October in 65438 is the most Leng Yue in the whole year, with an average monthly temperature of 3.8℃. On June 4, 2002, the extreme maximum temperature of 65438+/kloc-0 was 20.7℃, and on June 26, 2000, the extreme minimum temperature was -6.5℃. The temperature began to rise in February, with an average monthly temperature of 5.6℃.
hydrology
Jiangyin section of the Yangtze River: The Jiangyin section of the Yangtze River is a single straight and slightly curved river, with the Eluanbi as the boundary, the Yangzhong section in the upper reaches and the Chengtong section in the lower reaches. The coastline of Jiangyin section of the Yangtze River starts from Laotaohua Port, which borders Changzhou, to Lujiazhuang, which is under the jurisdiction of Xincheng East Office of Jiangyin Economic Development Zone, which borders Zhangjiagang, with a total length of 35 kilometers and a water area of 56.7 square kilometers. The river surface of Laotaohua Port is 3.5km wide, and the river surface of Shengang Port in the middle is 3.3km wide due to the cofferdam in 2006, with the width reduced by 1km. The river surface in Huangshan section is the narrowest, only1.25mm. It crosses Huangshan to the east, and the river surface expands like a trumpet, reaching the west side of Fujiangsha, with a width of 6km.
Jiangyin section of the Yangtze River is an irregular semidiurnal shallow tide, which rises and falls twice a day, and the ebb tide speed and duration are greater than the flood tide. The maximum velocity generally appears in the flood season of the Yangtze River. Runoff mainly comes from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. 1988 to 2007, the average high tide level was 4. 14m, the average low tide level was 2.40m, the highest tide level was 7.22m (1August 1997 19) and the lowest tide level was 0.99m (/kloc). The average high tide lasts 3 hours 4 1 minute, and the average low tide lasts 8 hours 45 minutes. Historically, the maximum flow rate of Datong Station in flood season is 92,600 cubic meters per second (65,438+1day in August, 0954), and the minimum flow rate in dry season is 4,620 cubic meters per second (10,65,438+65,438 days, 3 1 day).
Water system: Jiangyin River belongs to Taihu Lake water system. Xicheng Canal, Baiqugang River and Zhangjiagang River run through the north and south. There is a Yangtze River drainage in the north and Taihu Lake in the south for regulation. It receives foreign guest water from Wuxi and Changzhou and discharges it downstream into Yangcheng Lake, which constitutes a good water environment. There are many rivers in the region, and the river density is 4.98 kilometers per square kilometer. After years of river network construction and transformation, the existing river channel 12, regulation river channel 18, town-level river channel 1, and village-level production river channel 929 are complementary and timely, which is beneficial to shipping. Rivers in the city are incorporated into the water system in southern Jiangsu, and there is no obvious watershed boundary. The direction of perennial water flow is from west to east and from north to south. Because the north is the Yangtze River and the north is the river along the river, it mainly enters the river. The rivers south of Qingyang, Tanghuang and Taihu Lake mainly enter the lake in the south.
After long-term regulation, Jiangyin inland river has formed three major water systems: the new ditch water system in the west of the city, including Taohuagang, Yaogang, Ligang and Shengang, which undertakes water diversion and drainage in the west of the city and the eastern and northern parts of Changzhou, and flows into Henghe, Beitang and Caogang rivers in the west, with a catchment area of 38,700 hectares (including 20,000 hectares in Changzhou). The Xicheng Canal water system in the central part, including Xiagang, Huangshan Port and Baiqu Port, undertakes the task of water diversion and drainage to the east of Xingou River, to the west of Pishan Mountain and to the north of Wuxi. During the flood season, Xihe Henghe, Huangchanghe, Yingtianhe, Fengjing, Zhuqinghe, He Jie and other rivers enter the river, with a catchment area of 43,400 hectares. The water system of Zhangjiagang in the east, including Dahe Port and Shipai Port, undertakes the water diversion and drainage in the east of Jiangyin and the northeast of Zhangjiagang and Wuxi. During the flood season, rivers such as Dongheng River, Yingtianhe River, Huatang River, Zhutang River and Dongqinghe River flowed in, with a catchment area of 40,000 hectares.