HIV is mainly concentrated in the blood, semen, vaginal secretions, milk and wound exudates of AIDS-infected people. Therefore, AIDS is mainly transmitted through sexual contact, blood and mother to child.
Sexual contact is the main route of transmission of AIDS in China. In 20 18, China reported 49,000 new cases of AIDS/kloc-0, of which the proportion of sexual transmission exceeded 90%. HIV can be transmitted between men and women, or through sexual intercourse (including vaginal intercourse, anal intercourse and oral sex).
Chapter 2, HIV virus is actually a paper tiger!
Although the HIV virus is wantonly destroyed in the human body and extremely arrogant, it has become a fragile "Lin Daiyu" outside the human body! At room temperature, HIV can only survive in blood or secretions for several hours to several days. If you let it "streaking" under natural conditions, it will be difficult to survive! Moreover, HIV virus is very sensitive to commonly used disinfectants. 50% alcohol, 0. 1% bleach solution, and 0.5% lysol can be killed in about 2- 10 minutes. HIV is also very sensitive to high temperature. The HIV in serum can be killed by heating it to 56℃ for only 10 minute. Moreover, the gastric acid secreted by human stomach can also destroy HIV virus in vitro! Therefore, shaking hands, hugging, eating together, using public facilities such as telephones, swimming pools and toilets, and using public transportation will not cause the spread of AIDS. Aids patients can study, work and live with healthy people!
The third chapter of this book, practical criticism, easily cross the trap.
At present, there is no effective vaccine to prevent AIDS in the world. Therefore, mastering the knowledge of prevention and rejecting dangerous behaviors is your "iron cloth shirt". So what are the dangerous behaviors? Don't worry, let's polish our eyes and easily cross all kinds of "pits" set by AIDS?
0 1
No1-unprotected behavior
Risk factor is 4-5 stars.
Unprotected behavior refers to the direct exchange of body fluids between the two sides without obstacles during sexual relations. If one party is infected with HIV, then the other party can easily get infected with HIV in this way.
Among unprotected sex, unprotected anal sex between men and men is the highest risk of HIV infection, followed by unprotected vaginal sex between men and women, unprotected vaginal sex between women and men and oral sex.
If there are multiple sexual partners at the same time, the risk of HIV infection will be further amplified by geometric progression. For example, suppose that when you have unprotected anal sex, the risk of HIV infection is 3%. If you have this behavior 100 times, the risk of infection becomes.
p = 1-( 1-0.03) 100× 100% = 95%。
Sweep the trap and kill: Be sure to refuse unprotected sex! Not once!
Starting from teenagers, it is necessary to establish a healthy concept of love, marriage, family and sex, which is a stunt to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS! For the prevention of sexually transmitted infections of HIV, we advocate ABC strategy, one is abstinence; B stands for loyalty and sticks to loyalty to your partner; C stands for condom. Condom is an economical and effective method to prevent HIV transmission through sex. Proper use of condoms can not only prevent pregnancy, but also reduce the risk of contracting AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases. Once you get sexually transmitted diseases, you should treat and cure them as soon as possible, which can reduce the risk of contracting AIDS.
02
NO2-drinking and taking drugs, * * * using a syringe.
Risk factor is 4-5 stars.
First of all, taking drugs is illegal, and everyone should refuse drugs.
Injecting drugs with HIV-infected people will also spread HIV through contaminated needles, so injecting drugs will increase the risk of HIV infection through blood.
Use new synthetic drugs (ice, ecstasy, K powder, etc.). ) or drunkenness can stimulate or inhibit the activities of the central nervous system, reduce people's consciousness and ability to control behavior, greatly increase the possibility of unsafe sex, thus increasing the risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS.
Sweep the trap and kill the trick: be alert to any drugs, not curious, not lucky, resolutely refuse all kinds of drugs, do not make friends with drug addicts, and do not go to bars, nightclubs and other complex places at will; At the same time, pay attention to moderate drinking, avoid getting drunk when you go out alone, and don't give the devil any chance!
03
NO3—*** * * * Tattooing, eyebrow trimming or plastic surgery in irregular places with toothbrushes and razors.
Risk coefficient 2-3 stars
* * * When using toothbrushes, razors and going to informal places to receive tattoos and beauty services, it is easy to cause invasive wounds due to skin and mucous membrane damage, which opens the door for HIV and hepatitis B virus to invade the human body.
Take tattoos as an example. The tattoo artist pierces the skin with a tattoo needle and injects pigment into the dermis of the skin. The needle tip is in constant contact with the blood of the tattooer and is repeatedly immersed in a container filled with tattoo liquid. If the tattoo needle is not completely disinfected, or the medicine container is not completely disinfected, if the first person is infected with AIDS, then when the second person is stabbed by an unsterilized tattoo, it is possible to be infected with HIV.
Kill the trap: don't use toothbrush and razor; To receive invasive cosmetic services such as tattooing, eyebrow tattooing, ear piercing, dental cosmetology and micro-plastic surgery, we must find a regular hospital with sound medical equipment and strict disinfection to avoid being infected with AIDS or hepatitis B due to incomplete disinfection of equipment.
Chapter iv collection, it is not too late to mend.
In the event of high-risk behavior, you must seek the help of a doctor as soon as possible!
Disease Control Jun found that some people began to worry after accidentally having dangerous behaviors, and kept searching for "AIDS symptoms" on the Internet. They can't eat, they can't sleep, and they are on tenterhooks all day! Wow, that's terrible. ...
Therefore, the CDC solemnly reminds you that if you have high-risk behaviors carelessly, you must seek the help of professional doctors at the first time. The doctor will help you analyze and judge the risk of high-risk behavior according to your actual situation, and make corresponding suggestions, such as whether it is necessary to test?