1. Most fallopian tube diseases are secondary to infection, especially pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Other possible causes of infection include a perforated appendix, post-abortion infection, or post-surgical complications such as endometriosis and inflammatory conditions caused by surgery, which can lead to occlusion of the fallopian tubes due to adhesions. Rarely, embryogenic absence of the fallopian tubes is a factor in infertility, and the final cause may be iatrogenic, such as tubal ligation.

Although pelvic inflammatory disease may be caused by a variety of microorganisms, chlamydia is a major factor in infertility. Damage to the fallopian tubes may already exist before antimicrobial treatment is applied, and sometimes the infection may be subclinical. , had been present in the fallopian tube for several months before diagnosis and treatment, which is in marked contrast to the acute attack of PID caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It is now highly suspected that chlamydial infection damages the mucosa of the fallopian tube through immunopathological mechanisms, while Neisseria gonorrhoeae damages the fallopian tube mucosa through related cytotoxicity. Other pathogenic bacteria of latent infection include Mycoplasma hominis and endogenous aerobic or anaerobic bacteria. bacteria, pelvic tuberculosis accounts for 40% of fallopian tube infertility cases in developing countries.

Infectious abortion is another major risk factor for fallopian tube infertility. Preoperative examinations include bacterial vaginosis and cervicitis. Culture and serological examinations should be performed if necessary. Laboratory results should be understood before surgery. We routinely use prophylactic antibiotics after abortion.

2. Inflammation/adhesion

Tissue trauma caused by surgery can also lead to a pre-inflammatory state and even adhesions. The incidence of postoperative adhesions is about 75%. Laparoscopy cannot prevent the sequelae of adhesions. occurrence. The application of adhesion barriers (such as anti-adhesion membranes) can reduce the occurrence of adhesions by 50% on average. Removal of adhesions will increase the rate of infertility. If severe disease exists, in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is a good choice.