A complete flower consists of six basic parts, namely, pedicel, receptacle, calyx, corolla, stamen group and pistil group. Among them, pedicel and receptacle are equivalent to branches, and the other four parts are equivalent to deformed leaves on branches, which are often collectively referred to as flower parts. A flower that has all four parts is called a complete flower, and one that lacks any part is called an incomplete flower.
Various parts of a flower (such as calyx, corolla, stamen and pistil). ) and inflorescence have produced various adaptive variations in the long-term evolution process, thus forming various types.
Types of flowers
1. Depending on whether various parts of the flower are available:
(1) Complete flower: It is called a flower with calyx, corolla, stamen group and pistil group, such as rape, cotton, peach and tomato.
(2) Incomplete flowers: flowers lacking any one or several parts of calyx, corolla, stamen group and pistil group, such as mulberry, pumpkin and willow.
2. According to the symmetry of flowers.
(1) Radially symmetrical flower: More than two symmetrical faces can be made through the center of the flower, which is also called regular flower, such as flowers of cotton, peach and eggplant.
(2) Symmetrical flowers: Only two symmetrical flowers can be made through the center of the flowers, which are also called irregular flowers, such as bean flower, pansy flower and rice flower.
(3) Asymmetric flowers: It is impossible to make symmetrical flowers through the center of flowers, such as the flowers of canna.
Step 3 arrange flowers
The flowers of angiosperms, such as Magnolia grandiflora and Ranunculus japonicus, are based on the spiral arrangement of their parts. Some parts of their flowers (such as stamens and pistils) are not fixed, but arranged in a spiral shape. More evolved, such as most angiosperms, the parts of flowers are not only fixed, but also arranged in a circle.
English flower explanation
flower
KK: []
DJ: []
Noun (short for noun)
1. Flowers; Flowers; Flowering plants [C]
Bees collect nectar from flowers.
Bees collect nectar.
2. Essence, elite [S][J][(+of)]
They are the flowers of our country.
They are the elite of our country.
3. flowering; Rush hour [U]
The daffodils are in bloom.
Daffodils are in full bloom.
intransitive verb
1. Flowering
This shrub blooms in spring.
This shrub blooms in spring.
2. The book is mature; Prosperous
Mozart's genius was revealed at an early age.
Mozart's talent was revealed at a young age.
transitive verb
1. Make flowers
Decorate with flowers
4. Connection status
The parts of angiosperm flowers are primitive when they are separated from each other, and the connection is evolutionary. For example, separate flowers are primitive, and closed flowers are more evolved. When the parts of a flower are connected, they are connected in the same organ, such as petals connected to petals. This connection is called connection. There are also connections between different parts of flowers. For example, the stamens of cotton are connected to the base of petals. This connection is called advertising. In many plants, calyx, corolla and stamen are attached to the ovary of pistil to form a lower ovary.
flower
Colorful, red and blue intersection, are anthocyanins in different acid-base reactions. Both flowers and leaves contain anthocyanins from glucose in cell fluid. When it is acidic, it looks red. The stronger the acidity, the redder the color. When alkaline, it is blue, more alkaline and turns blue-black, such as chrysanthemum and black peony. When it is neutral, it is purple.
There are also chrysanthemums with "battlefield yellow flowers are particularly fragrant" and winter jasmine with "golden jade calyx with spring cold" are all yellow. Compositae plants have orange flowers except yellow flowers. Orange is similar to the color of citrus, pumpkin and other fruits, the most typical one is carrot, so the pigment expressing this color is called carotene.
As for white flowers, that's because there is no pigment in the cell fluid. Some white flowers, such as chrysanthemums, are slightly red before withering, indicating that they also contain a small amount of anthocyanins. A special example of discoloration is hibiscus mutabilis, which has white flowers in the morning, red flowers at noon and crimson flowers in the afternoon. Three times a day, more and more beautiful. Another example is hydrangea, which is white and slightly green at first, and turns red or slightly blue in a few days. It doesn't bloom and wither at dusk like colored hibiscus. As for ordinary flowers, most of them are bright at first, and then they fade.
In addition, it needs to be explained by physical principles. Sunlight will be divided into seven colors: red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple after being refracted by prism or water drops. The wavelengths of these seven colors are different, and the violet wave is short. Acidic anthocyanins will send long red light waves to our eyes in turn, and we will think they are bright red flowers. Similarly, neutral anthocyanins reflect purple light waves, alkaline anthocyanins reflect blue light waves, and carotene components are different, so they reflect yellow light waves or orange light waves respectively. White flowers contain no pigment, but the tissue contains air, which reflects all light waves. Some petals, with more tiny and neatly arranged glass balls on the surface, look like velvet, which can reflect the light as strongly as diamonds and have brighter colors, such as some Chinese rose flowers.
Color of flowers and their physiological needs. Different wavelengths of light contain different amounts of heat: red, orange and yellow wavelengths contain more heat; Blue light and purple light have short wavelengths and less heat. The tissues of flowers, especially petals, are generally tender. In the wild, red, orange and yellow flowers all grow in places with strong sunshine, reflecting long-wave light waves containing a lot of heat, which will not cause burns and have a protective effect. Blue flowers grow under trees and grass, reflect short light waves, absorb weak long light waves, and have more heat, which is beneficial to their physiological functions. There are also many negative plants with white flowers, some of which open at night and reflect all light waves, which is another adaptation measure. There are few black flowers in nature, only a few flowers occasionally have black spots, because black absorbs all the light waves and has too much heat, so it is easy to be hurt.
From the perspective of evolution, it has a development process. The flowers of gymnosperms are primitive and all green, while the anthers and pollen are yellow. In the spectrum, adjacent to green, one end of long wave is yellow, orange and red, and the other end of short wave is cyan, blue and purple. We can say that the color starts from green, develops to the long wave end, changes from yellow to orange, and finally appears red; To the short wave end, it is blue and purple. Red should be the latest color, at its peak in the process of evolution, and the most dazzling.
According to Darwin's natural selection theory, insects play an important role. Hundreds of millions of years ago, when gymnosperms appeared on the earth, there were not many insects. Anthocyanins are light, pollinated and fertilized, and rely on amaranth, which are all wind-borne flowers. Later, angiosperms appeared and insects flourished. The flowers of angiosperms are divided into calyx and corolla with perianth (perianth and corolla can be called petals). Petals are no longer green, but more conspicuous yellow, white or other colors. The shape is also large, some have nectar glands, which secrete nectar, and some give off fragrance and become insect-borne flowers. "Bees compete for the fragrance of butterflies", and insects pollinate and fertilize flowers.
Insects have a special habit of collecting honey and pollinating, that is, they often only interview the flowers of the same plant. This habit is conducive to ensuring cross-pollination of the same plant and breeding offspring. This can fix the characteristics of species, including the color of flowers. We can imagine that if there is a plant with a reddish color at the beginning, because the obviously reddish flowers are easily noticed by insects, there will be more opportunities for pollination. After countless generations of selection, insects have created pure, obvious and bright red flowers for this plant for a long time. Insects participate in natural selection, producing different plants and different colors.
Why are flowers so red? Finally, it is due to manual selection. The process of natural selection is slow, and it takes a long time to show its function. Artificial selection has greatly accelerated its process and achieved remarkable results in a short time. Peony, for example, is a wild original species caused by natural selection for hundreds of millions of years. Flowers are single, with only one pink color. After artificial cultivation, only in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty (1 1 century), dozens of varieties, such as leafy, chiba (double petals), louzi (protruding flower heart) and ice land, were created in decades. Another example is Dahlia, which is native to Mexico and has only eight red petals. Since the discovery of America, it has been cultivated artificially, and now there are thousands of varieties with different shapes and colors. Another example is the corn poppy, which has cultivated various colors such as red, yellow, orange and white, but blue has never appeared. At the end of last century, Pubank, a famous American horticultural breeder, discovered a young young corn poppy with a layer of smoke on its petals and cultivated it deliberately. At the beginning of this century, different shades of blue corn poppy were cultivated, adding new varieties to flower gardening.
jasmine
Oleaceae species
No alias
Origin China
The color is white.
Flowering summer
Floriculture, you are mine.
The key is that because of her charming fragrance, many people will pin her on the body as an ornament. It is also a very suitable decorative flower in solemn occasions such as weddings. It is also often used in the bride's bouquet.
Jasmine tea is a kind of tea with strong fragrance. However, what is really used in this kind of tea is another kind of flower that is very close to the jasmine variety. The beautiful appearance makes it hard for you to imagine that she has such a sweet and mellow floral fragrance. As its flower language says, it exudes a "functional" fragrance. So it has been one of the main raw materials in various perfumes since ancient times. Molly, like a young and ignorant little woman, inadvertently caught every man's heart. It is an intangible charm that is difficult to explain clearly. Might as well send him a bunch of jasmine flowers to the person you have a crush on! The flower language of all kinds of flowers
1. Wild roses are romantic.
The cultivated wild rose will not bear fruit, but it will grow delicate red fruit. In addition to the appearance can be compared with other wild roses, the fruit can also be practical. This flower has a poetic temperament, so its flower language is-romance.
The person born with this flower blessing is romantic and a child who likes to dream. But he has a keen judgment in handling things and is suitable for artistic work. Emotionally, he is also a perfectionist.
2. The bewitch of laurel の
The leaves of laurel trees can extract water from cherries and laurel trees, which can be used to make perfume or cakes. But this essence is toxic, and it will be dangerous to use it in large quantities. Osmanthus fragrans is an attractive and horrible plant, so its flower language is-bewitch.
People born with this flower blessing have bright, unrestrained and dangerous charm, and maybe there will be many love stories in their lives.
3. UnionPay の Expectation
Anemone means wind in Greek. Anemone is panicum miliaceum, about ten to twenty centimeters high. During the flowering period, lovely flowers are swaying in the wind, as if expecting something, so its flower language is-expectation.
People blessed by this flower are romantic and dreamy. However, we must also understand that the reality is not so beautiful!
4. Courage
Callicarpa is a flower dedicated to Weicon Diez of San Zaragoza, a martyr in the 4th century. Even though he was tortured, he encouraged his companions until he died a martyr. Therefore, the flower language of growth is-courage.
Anyone born with this flower blessing has the courage to maintain the right path and can stick to it until the end. The right lover is someone who can spend your life with you and support your beliefs.
5. Feng Wei's enthusiasm
A long time ago, equisetum fern was used as a sacred object. In other words, as long as the root juice is drunk to the right person, you can catch the other person's heart. Pteris ferruginea is a plant with special charm, so its flower language is-enthusiasm.
People who are blessed by this flower are also very enthusiastic. Once you fall in love, you will love it to death. If two people love each other, of course it's not a problem. But if it is unrequited love, the pain is twice that of others, so pay special attention to this!
6. hyacinthus orientalis has a rest.
The so-called "lily in the valley" or "lily in the thorn" in the Bible may be hyacinthus orientalis. It originated in the Middle East and bloomed everywhere in deserts and barren land, which made tired travelers feel warm and comforted. Therefore, its flower language is-rest.
The person born with this flower blessing is broad-minded and can bring spiritual comfort to those who come into contact with him. Sometimes your lover needs to lean on your shoulder, please comfort him.
7. Tulips are beautiful
I'm afraid there are few gorgeous flowers like luxury tulips. Not only are the petals bright red, but the roots of the petals are black, and the black edges are inlaid with Phnom Penh. Therefore, its flower language is-gorgeous.
People blessed by this flower, no matter what they wear or do, will always be the focus of attention. No? The only person who knows that you also have a poetic side may be your lover?
8. Violets are cool
Violet is a spike flower, which blooms in May and June. This flower has a strong fragrance. Although it belongs to wild plants, gardeners especially like to plant it under the window sill. I mainly hope that violets can bring fragrance to my family. So the flower language of violet is-cool.
Anyone who is born with this kind of flower blessing has the characteristic of bringing light to people around him, and pure love is more suitable for you. As for the extramarital affairs that are popular now, it is better to touch them less.
9. Iris is elegant
Although iris has thick roots and broad leaves like a knife, it has a very strong vitality. But because it is the raw material for making perfume, it is highly respected and widely used. So its flower language is-beauty.
The person blessed by this flower is soft and charming and sociable, but he is not a person in the game world. He has some plans for the future, and he can play book club work, which can be said to be the life form of this kind of person. Isn't this a wonderful life?
10. Basil aid
The leaves of basil are not only regarded as precious spices, but also regarded as sacred things since ancient times. At present, this plant is widely planted all over the world. When cooking food, adding a little basil spice can increase the flavor of the food. So the flower language of basil is-help.
People born with this flower blessing have the special function of discerning heroes, seeing through the potential of friends at a glance and helping others to play their strengths. He even encouraged his close partners and offered timely help. He is really a rare hero behind the scenes.
1 1. the magic of forsythia suspensa
This kind of flower hides an incredible magic. It is said that when you sleep, you can dream of your future husband by holding small forsythia under your pillow. So its flower language is-magic. But this is not evil witchcraft, but good magic.
Blessed by this flower, people have magical and keen insight and psychic sixth sense, and will regard the object of love at first sight as a lifelong companion.
12. Longya "spoiled"
Sprouts are apricot flowers, and the fruit is covered with a layer of fluff. Anyone passing by will touch its seeds and spread them everywhere. So its way of reproduction depends on others, so the flower language of sprouts is-coquetry.
People who are blessed by this flower are particularly dependent and lack self-confidence. However, there are many heterosexual friends who like this personality. It seems that coquetry is indeed a winning weapon in love.
Laurel (2/ 1 birthday flower)
Flower language: pride
In ancient Greece, the crowns worn by emperors and Olympic champions were all made of laurel trees, which was a symbol of honor. So the flower language of the laurel is-pride.
Anyone who is blessed by this flower, with high IQ and respect, will naturally become proud and even hurt each other unintentionally. Therefore, you must learn to be modest. Only by knowing the truth of modesty can the honor brought by osmanthus trees overshadow you.
Daisy (birthday flower on February 22nd)
Flower language: vitality
The mention of daisies always suggests weakness, but it's not like that. On the contrary, daisy is a kind of flower with strong vitality. As long as you are a little lazy and don't mow the lawn, it will sprout and even bloom immediately. So its flower language is vitality.
People born with this flower blessing have a delicate and touching appearance, but they have great vitality. The lover who suits you may be a younger coquetry type!
Potato (3/ 17 birthday flower)
Flower language: patriotism
Potato, a legume, is a flower dedicated to Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, and now it is the national flower of Ireland. Ireland fought bloody battles with Britain for independence. Therefore, its flower language is patriotism.
Anyone who is blessed by this flower is willing to give love to people around him, such as family, friends and hometown. If you get married, you will be able to build a happy family.
Ivy (4/8 birthday flower)
Flower language: influence
Before the cloth flower was adopted in Britain in the16th century, ivy was used to brew beer, because mixing it with wheat would turn wheat into beer. So the flower language of Ivy is-influence.
Anyone who is blessed by this flower has great influence and can influence others. Maybe you are suitable to be a politician or an entrepreneur? It also has a great influence on lovers, and can subtly turn each other into their favorite type.
Violet (5/4 flowers)
Flower language: cool
Violet is a spike flower, which blooms in May and June. This flower has a strong fragrance. Although it belongs to wild plants, gardeners especially like to plant it under the window sill. I mainly hope that violets can bring fragrance to my family. So the flower language of violet is-cool.
Anyone who is born with this kind of flower blessing has the characteristic of bringing light to people around him, and pure love is more suitable for you. As for the extramarital affairs that are popular now, it is better to touch them less.
Mimosa (6/ 15 birthday flower)
Flower language: shy
Gently touching the leaves of this plant will immediately close and droop, even if a gust of wind blows, just like a shy girl. So its flower language is-shyness.
People born with this flower blessing are very shy and timid. I feel particularly keen and have strong self-esteem. However, it will be much easier if you are with people who know yourself. Making friends is more important than quality, and you like the feeling of running water.
Corydalis tricolor (7/ 16 flowers)
Flower language: restraint
Corydalis tricolor is a climbing plant, about three meters high. It climbs up any nearby object by climbing, and then thrives, as if to tightly wrap the attached object. Therefore, its flower language is-bondage.
Anyone who is born with this kind of flower blessing is particularly possessive, and both friends and lovers want to keep it for themselves. In fact, this over-constrained approach will have the opposite effect. Understand this shortcoming, we must reflect and improve in time, and love should be readjusted!
Water lily (8/5 birth flower)
Flower language: charming
The ancient Egyptians called the water lily "the bride of the Nile" and often used it as the theme of murals. In addition, there are enchanting and beautiful flower names such as "perfume lily" and "fairy flower", because its flower language is-enchanting.
Anyone who is blessed by this flower is born with irresistible charm of the opposite sex, but it is difficult to live in peace with same-sex friends. Therefore, when you are in love, most of the resistance comes from a third party, that is, a rival in love. Be careful!
Colchicine (9/ 1 1 birthday flower)
Flower language: a good medicine
Colchicine is very effective in treating gout and rheumatism, but a large intake will be life-threatening! This is probably the representative flower of the so-called "bitter medicine". So the flower language of Qiushui is-medicine.
The person who is blessed by this flower is very noisy, obviously telling the truth, but others don't like it. Because people tend to avoid bitter things, no matter how good things are. So when you speak, you must master the three elements of time, place and object, so that you won't say the wrong thing!
Narcissus (10/29 Birthday Flower)
Flower language: longevity
Narukisus, a Christian priest who lived to the age of 1 16 and created many miracles in the second century, was chosen as a tribute. So the flower language of narcissus is-longevity.
People born with this flower blessing are healthy and long-lived, tireless in everything and durable in everything; And as long as you want to learn something, you won't give up until the end. The person who is suitable to be your life partner is an honest person.
Hyacinthus orientalis (1 1/9 Birthday Flower)
Flower language: pay attention
In the past, many gardeners cultivated new varieties from hyacinthus orientalis for gardening, probably because the flowers in hyacinthus orientalis were particularly eye-catching. Therefore, its flower language is-attention.
People blessed by this flower, whether good or bad, are quite eye-catching, probably because of your extravagance. However, you may not have real feelings. If you want to put aside the love of storytelling, you must hide your natural and generous personality to test your true feelings!
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Lemon flower (12/2 birthday flower)
Flower language: fresh
Lemon with high freshness is a treasure house of vitamin C. British ships are required by law to store lemon juice for the crew to prevent scurvy. However, because the squeezed lemon juice is perishable, it is meaningless if it is not fresh. So its flower language is-fresh.
Anyone blessed by this flower is quite charming and popular. But it is also the focus of same-sex jealousy, so we have to work harder to win the favor of the same sex.
# 1 Flower language of various flowers ~ ~ ~
Represent flower language
Gladiolus elegant, longevity, Corning.
Gerbera jamesonii has perseverance and strong adaptability.
Carnations are kind, warm and sincere.
Daisies are petite and lovely.
Sun Juhua is enthusiastic and energetic.
Iris is enthusiastic and adaptable.
Don't forget me. Long live friendship and miss you forever.
All over the sky star supporting role, but indispensable.
Tulips are prosperous and colorful.
Wu Lan is young, lively and knowledgeable.
Jin Baihe is gorgeous and noble, but pure.
Bai Baihe purity
Birds of paradise are free, happy and auspicious.
Anthurium enthusiasm, enthusiasm, enthusiasm.
Calla lily is pure, happy and delicate.
Freesia is fresh and comfortable.