Chifeng in the pre-Qin period, according to the Hongshan Culture site discovered in the Xilamulun River and Laoha River basins, shows that as early as the Neolithic culture period, there were human activities in Chifeng area, which created excellent history and culture, among which Hongshan Yulong was a cultural masterpiece of the Neolithic age.
Around the 3rd century BC, in today's Hetao area and Daqingshan area of Inner Mongolia, there was a nomadic people who lived on grass on seasonal drums. They are the Huns who made the Central Plains Dynasty extremely headache and helpless. The harassment of the Huns by the Central Plains Dynasty was unbearable, but it could not catch up with and beat. Therefore, in the Qin and Han dynasties, they were given a very derogatory name: Hu. It means someone who doesn't follow the rules. But the Huns don't think so. Their explanation is: "There are big men in the south and strong men in the north. Hu Zhe, the favored son of heaven! " (See History of Xiongnu)
In the eastern part of the Xiongnu tribe, there is also a powerful nomadic people, and the Central Plains dynasty gave them a name: Donghu! Because the Donghu people are also nomadic people, they will not settle in a certain place for a long time like the Han people, so the position of the Donghu people's court is still relatively vague. During the Warring States Period, the Yan State opened the Qin Dynasty to destroy the East Lake, and established the "Right Beiping County" (southwest of Ningcheng County in Inner Mongolia) within the sphere of influence of the East Lake. It was about this time that the Donghu people came to the Laoha River and the Xilamulun River valley, which is today's Chifeng area. According to the analysis of the tombs of Donghu people excavated in Laoha River and Xilamulun River basins, Chifeng area today is the main activity area of Donghu people.
During the Qin and Han dynasties, the Xiongnu tribe led by the magic capital Khan began to rise, and the powerful Donghu tribe frequently asked the magic capital Khan for BMW and beautiful women. In order to paralyze Donghu, modu chanyu met Donghu's requirements one by one. In the end, modu chanyu pounced on the East Lake tribe with the strength of the whole country, while the East Lake King despised his enemy. King Donghu was killed and the Donghu tribal alliance collapsed. The defeated Donghu people retreated in two ways, all the way to Wuhuan Mountain (now Arukerqin, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia) and all the way to Xianbei Mountain (now north-central Daxing 'anling). Xianbei Department and Wuhuan Department are not too far away from Laoha River and Xilamulun River basin, so they are still within the sphere of influence of Xiongnu, but at this time Xianbei Department and Wuhuan Department simply do not have the ability to compete with Xiongnu, and Xiongnu does not need to destroy them.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Tang, Song and Western Han Dynasties, Huo Qubing was defeated by the Han Dynasty, forcing Xiongnu Khan to move Wang Ting to distant Mobei. In order to prevent Wuhuan from providing troops to Xiongnu, Huo Qubing moved Wuhuan tribe to five counties on the border of Han Dynasty, including Youbeiping County, which is located in the southwest of Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia. The Wuhuan people finally returned to their ancestral home, the Laoha River and the Xilamulun River Basin. So the Chifeng area at this time was already within the sphere of influence of the Western Han Dynasty.
During Wang Mang's New Deal, after a hard struggle, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty recovered the right to coin from the central government and easily returned it to the counties. In today's Hei Town, Dianzi Township, Ningcheng County, Chifeng City, it has become the largest county and state coin casting base in northern China, where the circulating coins of Daquan Fifty and Koizumi Naichi come from. Wang Mang also ordered the Wuhuan tribe not to pay cloth tax to Xiongnu again, and took the initiative to send troops to attack Xiongnu. The poor and weak Wuhuan tribe is no match for Xiongnu at all. In desperation, the Wuhuan Department had to surrender to the Xiongnu.
In the twenty-second year of Liu Xiujian-wu, civil strife and locust plague occurred in Xiongnu, and the Wu Huan department that surrendered to Xiongnu attacked Xiongnu, forcing Xiongnu to move further westward. The Wu Huan department then surrendered to the Eastern Han Dynasty and moved to the lower reaches of Daling River, northern Hebei, north-central Shanxi, southern Inner Mongolia and Ordos grassland to serve as the border guards of Dahan Dynasty. Xianbei people distributed in Xianbei Mountain took advantage of the situation to come to Wuhuan hometown, Laoha River and Xilamulun River basin. So, at this time, Chifeng area has entered the sphere of influence of Xianbei people.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Central Plains rose together, and Wu Huan also wanted a share, so he formed an alliance with Yuan Shao, who occupied Youzhou. In order to solve the worries of going south and going west, Cao Cao made careful preparations to break Wu Huan in Bailangshan (now Harqin Left-wing Mongolian Autonomous County, Liaoning Province) in the 12th year of Jian 'an (AD 207). Wu Huan's 200,000 troops were all captured, and the Yuan brothers also fled to Liaodong.
The civil strife in the Central Plains and the disintegration of Wuhuan tribe provided a powerful opportunity for the development of Xianbei tribe. Duan Department, Murong Department and Yuwen Department rose one after another, among which Yuwen Department set up a dental tent in Zimengchuan (now northwest of Chaoyang, Liaoning Province) in the Laohahe River basin, and Chifeng area became the activity center of Yuwen Department in Xianbei today.
The other two forces of Yuwen Department, Kumoxi and Qidan, were defeated by Murong Qianyan of Xianbei and fled to Songmo in the area of Keshiketeng Banner in Chifeng City today. After the establishment of the Northern Wei Dynasty, in order to eliminate the threat of Kumoxi and Qidan, the Tuoba people of Xianbei sent troops to the Xilamulun River in 388 AD and forcibly dismembered Kumoxi and Qidan. Kumoxi was located in the west of the late Song Dynasty, and Qidan was located in the east of the late Song Dynasty, that is, the Laoha River and the Xilamulun River basins. The Khitan nationality nomadic in the Xilamulun River and Laoha River basins has gradually developed from the initial two tribes of Qingniu and Baima to eight tribes. Today, Haier Jinshan (called Muye Mountain in Liao) in the east of Wengniute Banner in Chifeng City has become the holy land of the origin of the Qidan nationality. So today's Chifeng area became the political center of Qidan at that time, which lasted until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty (Qidan was attached to the Tang Dynasty at its peak). During the Liao Dynasty, Lindong Town in Balinzuoqi of Chifeng City became the capital of the Khitans, and Ningcheng County of Chifeng City became the capital of the Khitans.
After Jurchen captured Tokyo, Liaoning Province in the Jin, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Huanglinfu, the capital of Liaoning Province, was also captured by the Jin people. After the completion of Huining House in Beijing, the title of Huanglinfu in Beijing was cancelled and renamed Huanglinfu, which belongs to Beijing Road. Since then, the hinterland of Liao lost its former political center position in its heyday. Therefore, the Chifeng area at this time became the sphere of influence of Jurchen.
After Genghis Khan established the Great Mongolian Empire, in recognition of the achievements of Hongjila's special learning Zen (also Genghis Khan's father-in-law), he named his grandson Diao Abulaiti as King Lu, enfeoffed him to Chifeng, and established Yingchang City on the west bank of Dali Lake in northwest of Keshiketeng Banner, Chifeng City, for the use of King Lu and princess royal for generations. Until the seventh year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, Li Wenzhong invaded Gaozhou (now Fengshuigou Town, yuanbaoshan district), Daning (now Daming Town, Ningcheng County) and Dashiya (now Hongshan District, Chifeng) and entered the felt hat mountain (now northwest of Dushikou Sumu, Bahrain Right Banner). The last king of Lu died, and the Chifeng area returned to the hands of the Central Plains dynasty.
After Yuan Shundi retreated to Mobei, the exiled regime of the Northern Yuan Dynasty lost its rule over the Central Plains. In order to attract other Mongolian feudal lords, under the military threat of the Ming Dynasty, Yingchangwei (now Dalhansumu, Keshiketeng Banner, Chifeng City), Fuyuwei (now Heicheng Village, Dianzi Township, Ningcheng City), Tainingwei (now near Taonan, Jilin Province), Duoyanwei (now Zhalaite Banner, Xing 'an League) and Fuyuwei (now on the left bank of Nenjiang River and in Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province) were established.
At the same time, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed seventeen sons, Zhu Quan, as the king of Fengning, and stationed in Daning City (now Daming Town, Ningcheng County) to maintain border stability.
1546, in order to avoid the sharp edge of his uncle Dahan, Kuden Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty led his troops south from the Ergon Valley, the ancestral home of Mongolia, across the Daxing 'anling Mountains, and together with Hasal, the 14th brother of Genghis Khan, the left-wing leader of Gurkha, divided Taining, Duoyan and Fuyu. The descendants of the Wochijin family had to go south to Huangshui, move to the Xilamulun Valley, and approach the border of the Ming Dynasty to graze. Therefore, the Chifeng area at this time was still within the sphere of influence of the Ming Dynasty.
At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the feudal regime of Northern Yuan Dynasty became more and more fierce, and the modern Mongolian tribes were basically formed during this period. With the rapid rise of Nurhachi nationality, to realize the strength of Mongolia in history, in order to achieve the goal of entering the Central Plains, we must first conquer and win over the surrounding Mongolian ministries and make Mongolia a reliable rear area. Nurhachi used marriage and alliance to win over the neighboring Horqin Department, Zhalute Banner, Arukerqin Department and Onniute Department, and gradually disintegrated the military strength of Li Dan Khan.
After Khan's death, Huang Taiji accepted Khan's rule in Mongolia. Chifeng area, as the base camp of Lidan Khan, has been redefined and adjusted around 1636, and 49 flags of Monan Mongolia, including Chifeng Banner, have been defined as new pastures and territories.
Let's take a look at the situation in Chifeng counties:
Arukerqin Banner: The first Zasak was Zhang Mu, the great-grandson of Bazhou and the 14th grandson of Genghis Khan's younger brother Hasal. He sealed the mountain shell and his territory is in today's Arukerqin Banner; Wengniute Banner: The 14th Sun Du Xun Mausoleum, Genghis Khan's younger brother Timuge, was established as the county king, in charge of Wengniute Right Banner, which is roughly equivalent to the whole Songshan District of Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, Hongshan District of Chifeng City and the paddock of Hebei Province; His younger brother Dong Daiqing was named Baylor, in charge of Onniute Zuoqi. After Chifeng City was separated from Onniute Right Banner, Onniute Right Banner and Onniute Left Banner merged into today's Onniute Banner; Aohan Banner: Aohan Department is one of the eight Otok in Chahar and a direct descendant of Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan. The ancestor of Aohan Banner, Qing Ling Du, was Genghis Khan's 19 grandson, and his grandson, Bundhit, was the first Zasak, whose territory is in today's Aohan Banner. Bahrain Right Banner: Bahrain Right Banner is a direct descendant of Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan, whose ancestor Sebuteng was the 2nd1grandchild of Genghis Khan, was awarded the title of Zasak lord protector, and married Princess Gulunshuhui born in Xiao Zhuang. The nanmu urn of Qing Dynasty displayed in Chifeng Museum today is the urn of Princess Gu Lunshuhui. Zuo Qi, Bahrain: Bahrain is a direct descendant of Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan. Its ancestor, Manzhu Xili, was the 2nd1grandchild of Genghis Khan, the cousin of Sebuteng, and was named Feng Gushan Beizi. Harqin Banner: Harqin Banner is the fief of descendants of Genghis Khan's hero strangle. In the early Qing Dynasty, Harqin Left Banner, Harqin Middle Banner and Harqin Right Banner were established, belonging to Zhuosuotu League. After the revocation of Zhuosuotu League, Harqin Zuo Qi was changed to Kazuo Left-wing Mongolian Autonomous County (Kazuo County), which belonged to Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province; Harqin Zhongqi was changed to Ningcheng County; Harqin Right Banner is today's Harqin Banner, which belongs to Chifeng City with Ningcheng County. Keshiketeng Banner: Keshiketeng Banner is a direct descendant of Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan, whose ancestor is the 20th grandson of Genghis Khan, and was named the first-class Taji of Zasak. There are Stonehenge in Keshiketeng Banner and different grasslands in Wulan.