First, the characteristics of professional engineering
The first phase of Suzhou Shihu Scenic Area has a heavy workload, heavy tasks and tight construction period. The selection and configuration of plant materials in this greening project has the following characteristics:
1, rich in plant species and varieties. Plant species include evergreen trees, deciduous trees, evergreen shrubs, deciduous shrubs, evergreen grass local cover plants, aquatic plants, herbs and flowers. 2. The landscape effect is obvious, and the combination of trees, shrubs and grass (ground cover) can be formed after the project is completed; Collocation of flowers, fruits and leaves; High, medium and low are scattered, with rich levels and distinct seasons; The artificial plant community with beautiful spring, birds and flowers and evergreen seasons shows biodiversity and wetland ecological landscape. 3. According to the schedule of the project, deciduous trees should be planted first, then evergreen trees, deciduous trees in winter and autumn and evergreen trees in spring, so as to improve the survival rate and preservation rate of planting. 4. This project is a large-scale and highly specialized project. For hundreds of plant materials used in the project, after receiving the planting design drawings, the suitable conditions, planting and maintenance points of each variety will be reported to the construction unit. And as a supervisor's requirement for its control.
Second, the basis of supervision
Greening landscape engineering supervision is a professional supervision and management of engineering construction entrusted by the project construction unit, according to the national laws and regulations on engineering construction, the project construction documents approved by the relevant departments, the entrusted supervision contract and the construction project contract. In the implementation of engineering construction and supervision, the basis is:
1, Regulations of the State Council on Urban Greening in People's Republic of China (PRC); 2. People's Republic of China (PRC) industry standard Code for Construction and Acceptance of Urban Greening Projects (1999); 3. Regulations of Jiangsu Province on Urban Greening Management; 4. Quality inspection and evaluation standards for special sub-projects of garden civil engineering in Jiangsu Province; 5. Technical Specification for Planting Urban Garden Plants in Jiangsu Province (for Trial Implementation); 6. Technical Specification for Conservation of Urban Landscaping Plants in Jiangsu Province (Trial); 7, "Jiangsu Province Landscaping Engineering Quality Evaluation Standard (Trial)".
Three. Scope of supervision work
Supervision of all construction contents, construction stages and maintenance warranty stages of stone lake Phase I Project. "three controls" to control project quality, cost and construction period; "Three management" of contract performance, safety production and information processing; Coordinate the working relationship between the construction unit and relevant parties in the "one coordination" of project construction;
Four, garden sketch supervision control points
(1) Accumulated stones (including solitary stone peaks)
1, stoplogs should be stacked in accordance with the design requirements, and the section must meet the design requirements; 2, foundation excavation earthwork depth must be old-fashioned, foundation must comply with the design requirements, must be solid, stable and dense; The dimensions of foundation piles and earthwork must be controlled within the allowable deviation; 3. Watching the stone peak alone depends on the size of the space; 4, stone, stone color, shape must meet the design requirements; 5. Stacked overlap should be cleaned up, the stone should be placed firmly, the texture trend is consistent, and the stone should not have obvious cracks, damage and peeling; 6, lap sealing must use high-grade cement mortar jointing, mortar width should be 3-4CM, smooth, color is similar to the rockfill (boulder peak); 7. Rockfill bodies (including solitary stone peaks) must be supported or hoisted after being stacked or erected, and can only be removed after the mortar strength reaches the standard and is approved by the supervisor; 8. The main ornamental surface and height of rockfill body (including boulder peak) should meet the design requirements.
(two) lying stone, stone, stone
1, laying out and positioning of lying stones, point stones and stubborn stones must meet the design requirements; 2, lying stone, stone, stone foundation to achieve a certain degree of compactness, beware of instability and slippage; 3, lying stone, stone, stone placed quantity must comply with the design requirements;
4. The stone quality, color and shape of lying stone, point stone and stubborn stone should basically meet the design requirements; 5, lying stone, stone, stone ornamental surface should comply with the design requirements; 6. The mountain ranges of lying stones, pointed stones, stubborn stones and stacked stones (including Gushi Peak) are consistent, suitable and complement each other; 7. The plant arrangement of stacked stones (including solitary stone peaks), lying stones, point stones and stubborn stones should be few but fine, few and beautiful, rich in connotation and tasteful.
(3) Lu Yuan
1. The width and depth of the excavated subgrade of Luyuan Road must meet the design requirements. The construction enterprise can only proceed to the next working procedure after the supervisor has inspected the trench and issued a concealed engineering inspection form. 2. The thickness of ballast and gravel of subgrade cushion must meet the design requirements; 3. The strength and compactness of subgrade must meet the design requirements; 4, mortar mixture ratio must comply with the design requirements, the use of commercial concrete must be issued by the relevant commercial concrete information, at the same time to do a good job of mortar (strength) block; 5, concrete pavement in the maintenance period, the construction enterprise must protect the finished product; 6, concrete pavement must be clean, no cracks, no peeling, no potholes; 7, garden road pavement is made of granite material, and the joints must be smooth and reasonable, and the gap and slope meet the design requirements and construction specifications; 8, pebble pavement embedded build by laying bricks or stones should be uniform, beware of peeling phenomenon; 9, pebble narrow surface should not exceed 3CM, pebble embedded in mortar depth should be greater than 1/2 particles; 10, pebble arrangement should not be too fine, and it should meet the design requirements; 1 1, the color matching between granite and pebble pavements must be coordinated, and the excessive color difference does not meet the quality requirements;
12, Sidestone: 1) Sidestone can be placed vertically and horizontally, but it must be straight; 2) The edge of the kerb shall be built within 5M, and the error shall not exceed15mm; 3) Corner contact of kerbs must be smooth and the height should be strictly protected.
(4) flower beds
1, the layout and positioning of flower beds must meet the design requirements; 2. The width of the flower bed base groove must meet the design requirements; The density of the trough bottom must meet the design requirements; 3, brick or stone along (edge) must comply with the design requirements and construction specifications; 4, mortar ratio must comply with the design requirements; 5, brick plaster thickness, flatness to meet the design requirements; 6, stick stone to smooth, seam to straight.
(5) Flower Gallery (Frame)
1, flower gallery (frame) must comply with the design requirements and construction specifications; 2. The foundation groove of the flower gallery (frame) must meet the design requirements, and its strength, compactness and thickness must meet the design requirements and construction specifications. Only when the supervisor inspects the groove and issues an inspection sheet for concealed works can the construction enterprise proceed to the next procedure; 3, mortar ratio must comply with the design requirements; 4, flower gallery (frame) frame body reinforcement, binding and reserved steel solder joint connection must comply with the design requirements; 5, flower gallery (frame) column, corbel beam pouring concrete, the template must be solid, pressure-resistant, seamless, no slurry leakage, the inner surface of the template must be smooth; Before pouring concrete, the construction enterprise must fill in the inspection form, and the next working procedure can be carried out only after it is approved by the supervisor; 6, the construction enterprise must strengthen the management of pouring, fixed personnel watering on time, make the pouring in a wet state, at the same time do a good job of strength block test, block must be made of steel mold; 7. After the curing period and strength are reached, the formwork removal by the construction enterprise must be approved by the supervisor. 8, column and bracket beam installation, must be carried out in strict accordance with the construction plan, to ensure the quality and safety, to ensure the stability of the framework, when necessary, can set up scaffolding to carry out the operation, the verticality of the column must be controlled within the allowable deviation (5MM); 9, column, bracket beam surface treatment must comply with the design requirements.
Five, garden plants before planting preparation stage control points
1. Before construction, the supervision department will go to the site to check the plane and elevation of the design drawings. If any drawings are inconsistent with the actual situation, the supervision department shall report to the construction unit (owner) in time, and the construction unit shall require the design unit to make design changes; 2. Adjust or dismantle the plant layout in the original green space. When necessary, with the consent of the construction unit, the plants in the original green space can be moved out of the green space; 3. When underground pipelines or overhead lines are found in the tree hole during construction lofting and positioning, the construction must avoid according to the specifications, select another point, fill in a change order at the same time, and implement the next working procedure after being approved by the supervisor and reported to the construction unit; 4. The supervision department asks the construction unit for planting design drawings (plane, elevation, section and landscape) and design instructions, design budget and superior approval, etc.
5. The regulatory authorities should urge the construction enterprises to make a detailed investigation on the environment, soil quality, underground water level, underground pipelines, buildings and trees, overhead lines and trees, and the space adjacent to other trees, and formulate technical measures to ensure survival; 6, supervision department to urge the construction enterprises to make water, electricity, transportation organization plan; 7. The regulatory authorities urge the construction enterprises to do a good job in earthwork balance plan, implement the source and destination of earthwork and construction waste soil, and prepare construction plans and emergency plans according to the progress of garden sketches and greening projects.
Six, garden plant construction stage control points
(a) the quality control point of garden plants 1, and the varieties of garden plants must meet the design requirements, without serious pests and weeds, and without quarantine pests and weeds; 2, plant material specifications must comply with the design requirements; 3, trees (including evergreen trees) quality requirements 1) Trees must have straight trunks, complete crowns and no feet; 2) vigorous growth, developed root system, full crown and no partial crown; 3) The soil ball is complete, firmly bandaged, and there is no bare soil ball root system; 4) Five quantitative indexes such as tree height, crown diameter, branching point, DBH and soil ball size must be met, of which five are excellent and three are qualified; Two quantitative indicators are unqualified; 5) The construction enterprise must show the seedling list (certificate) and the tree quarantine certificate.
4, shrub quality requirements shrubs must be crown-shaped, no partial crown, inverted foot phenomenon, thick trunk branches; The soil ball is complete and firmly bandaged. At the same time, we must meet the four quantitative indicators of height, crown diameter, ground diameter and soil ball size, of which four are excellent; Three quantitative indicators are qualified; Those who reach the quantitative index of 1-2 are unqualified.
5, the quality of the ball requires that the ball must be dense and leafy, with a perfect crown and meet the design requirements. At the same time, three quantitative indexes, crown diameter, height and soil ball size, must be met, three of which are excellent; Reaching two quantitative indicators is qualified; Failure to reach 1 quantitative index.
6. The quality requirements of color block plants are that color block plants must grow healthily, have many branches, have a perfect crown shape and be free from pests and diseases. At the same time, it must meet three quantitative indexes: height, canopy diameter and soil ball size, and three of them are excellent; Reaching two quantitative indicators is qualified; Failure to reach 1 quantitative index.
7. The quality requirements of annual and biennial herbaceous flower seedlings must be that the transplanted seedlings are robust (the height varies with varieties), and the Mao Ye has a complete root system with more than 3-4 tillers. At the same time, plant height, crown diameter or tiller number must be met, and both quantitative indicators are excellent; 1 The quantitative index is unqualified.
8. The quality of perennial flowers requires that the root flower must have a developed root system with 3-4 buds.
9. The quality of tubers and bulbs requires that tubers and bulbs must be intact, free from rot, pests and rodents, and have more than two bud eyes or buds.
10, the quality of climbing plants requires that climbing plants must have strong main vines and developed roots, and the seedling age is more than 2 years.
1 1. Quality requirements for grass blocks and rolling lawns 1) Grass blocks and rolling lawns must grow evenly, with dense roots and no exposed spots; The height of grass is not more than 5CM, the thickness of soil is not less than 2CM (3CM tall fescue), and the weeds are not more than 5%; The length and width of grass blocks and rolls are moderate, and the specifications of each roll (block) are consistent. 2) Grass for stem propagation, with no more than 2% weeds and no pests and diseases; 3) The thickness of planting belt is less than 1CM, the seeds are evenly distributed and full, and the germination rate is over 95%.
12, quality requirements for grass seeds and flower seeds 1) Grass seeds and flower seeds must have factory inspection reports or descriptions indicating seed quality, such as variety, strain, place of origin, production unit, harvest year, purity and germination rate, and germination rate tests must be made before use, so as to adjust sowing amount. Invalid seeds with pests and diseases shall not be used. 2) It is illegal to use it without showing the seed germination rate test report.
(2) Inspection methods and measures of garden plant quality
1. After the garden plants enter the site, the construction enterprise must fill in the materials and equipment entry inspection form. 2. The construction enterprise adopts the method of random sampling for the garden plant materials entering the site, selects a certain proportion of plants for quality evaluation, and fills in the results in the Quality Inspection and Evaluation Form of Plant Materials Sub-projects, and reports the inspection sheet and quality evaluation form to the greening supervision engineer of the project supervision department in time.
3. After receiving the above information, the supervision engineer will take measuring tools to the site for re-inspection within 15 minutes. 1) quantity: randomly select 10% of trees and shrubs according to quantity, with no less than 10 plants or all of them; Not less than 20 shrubs or all shrubs, each with a point; Lawn and herbaceous land are randomly selected according to 3% of the area, taking 3m2 as a point, but not less than 3 points; Randomly select 5% flowers according to the quantity, and 10 plant is 1 minute, but not less than 5 points; 2) Professional supervision engineer will fill in the inspection results in the * * * greening project nursery stock list. 3) If any plant materials that do not meet the design requirements are found in the re-inspection, immediately notify the construction enterprise to deal with the plant materials that do not meet the requirements, and resolutely return and supplement the excellent plant materials; 4) The management department shall timely submit to the construction unit the on-site material and equipment use inspection form, the quality inspection and evaluation form of plant material component projects and the * * * green chemical engineering seedling list; 5) For color block plants and a large number of shrubs, in addition to spot checks according to the specified quantity, professional supervision engineers can also take the method of standing by to check the quantity, and can also check whether a certain number of plant materials meet the quality requirements; 6) For big trees (evergreen trees above DBH 15cm, deciduous trees above 25CM) or extra-large trees, professional supervision engineers must control them first, go deep into the source of seedlings to conduct on-the-spot investigation, and understand and guide the selection, numbering, seedling emergence, trimming and shipment of seedlings; Strictly control the plant materials that do not meet the requirements of quality specifications, and strictly control them, and prohibit any seedlings that do not meet the specifications from entering the site. 7) The supervision department of big trees or extra-large trees should measure their individual trees and register them according to different blocks.
Seven, planting soil quality control points
(a) planting soil quality control point 1, planting soil and groundwater depth must meet the growth requirements of planting plants and meet the requirements of construction specifications; 2. There is an impermeable layer under the planting soil layer. If there is an impermeable layer, it must be crushed and punched to make it permeable and leached; 3. It is forbidden for bulldozers to repeatedly crush and pile up soil, build mountains or transform the terrain, which is the easiest way to form an impermeable layer, especially when the soil water content is too high; 4. The groundwater level must be higher than the middle water level (100CM). If the groundwater level belongs to the shallow water level of 50CM, it must be treated with drainage facilities; 5. Soil containing construction waste, saline-alkali land, heavy clay and silt and soil containing harmful garden plant growth components must be partially or completely replaced with planting soil; 6. As the planting soil, the mountain yellow mud must be a soil with loose structure, strong ventilation, strong water and fertilizer retention capacity and suitable for the growth of garden plants, and an appropriate amount of peat soil medium can be mixed when necessary; For heavy clay, 30-40% coarse sand can be added to adjust the soil quality; 7. The soil thickness of planting soil must meet the soil depth required for the normal development and growth of different plant roots: (1) for trees: (deep roots) 150CM, and (shallow roots)100 cm for trees; (2) shrub (large) 90CM, irrigation (small) 45CM(3) lawn more than 30CM, flower bed more than 30CM;
8. When the planting area belongs to concrete block (slab), solid soil, waste foundation, heavy clay, low-lying land and other airtight or stagnant water, it must be broken, perforated, drained or paved with gravel, and then paved with soil layer thickness suitable for different plant growth requirements on the gravel surface;
9. Terrain transformation (1) Terrain transformation must meet the design requirements; (2) The positions and trends of rockfill, peaks, valleys, ridges and slopes must meet the design requirements; (3) The elevation of terrain transformation must be within the allowable deviation, i.e. >; 100cm, allowable deviation of 5 cm; 100-300cm, allowable deviation of 20cm& gt300cm, allowable deviation of 50cm(4) The variety, quantity, orientation and configuration of garden plants must meet the design requirements. If it is necessary to change, the construction enterprise must fill in the technical approval form, which can be implemented only after being audited by the supervision department and approved by the construction unit; (5) After the terrain transformation, the planting area must have an appropriate slope, without water accumulation and serious soil erosion; (6) The use of underground pipelines to drain water from cultivated land after topographic transformation must comply with the relevant provisions of the state;
1 1, impurities such as gravel, rubble, bricks, roots, weeds, glass, plastic waste and foam that affect the growth and development of plants in the planting soil must be removed by the construction enterprise;
12, the quality of planting soil, the construction enterprise must provide a soil analysis report issued by a qualified unit, if the soil source is different, the construction enterprise must provide another soil analysis report, otherwise the next working procedure is not allowed to start;
(2) Quality inspection method of planting soil
1, soil analysis report; 2. Spot check a certain number, that is, one spot check every 3000m2, each point is 500m2, but not less than 3 points. Is it within the allowable deviation range? Large and medium-sized trees are-8 cm; Small trees, large and medium shrubs are -5cm, small shrubs and perennial flowers are-3 cm; Herbs, ground covers, lawns and biennial flowers are-2 cm; 3. Terrain elevation and overall height are 5 cm below 1.0m; At 1-3m, the overall height is above 20cm3m and the overall height is above 50cm.
Eight, garden plant planting engineering quality control points
1, plant planting point lofting must comply with the design requirements (if ground buildings and other structures must be avoided at ordinary times, the construction enterprise must obtain the approval of the supervisor and the consent of the construction unit before implementation, and the construction unit is responsible for requiring the design unit to issue change drawings and text descriptions), and the lofting deviation shall not exceed 5%, and the fixed-point position, tree species name and specifications shall be indicated;
2. Arbor soil ball excavation specifications The diameter (cm) of soil ball is 8 times of DBH, and the thickness of soil ball is 7 times of DBH;
3. Excavation specifications of shrub soil ball: The diameter (cm) of soil ball is 80% of the crown diameter, and the thickness of soil ball is 60% of the crown diameter;
4. The specification for excavation of bamboo abutment (1) must select 2-year-old marginal bamboo as bamboo mother; (2) Extra-long soil platform must reserve 40-50CM whip length and 80CM whip length; (3) Close-range transplantation must bring more lodging soil, and the whip tip can be lowered appropriately, but it must bring underground whip tip with hidden buds, otherwise it will not produce bamboo shoots and delay the bamboo forest garden;
5. The specifications of the tree planting pit (or groove-referring to pine and bamboo) must meet the design requirements. The diameter of the pit (hole) is 40CM larger than the length of the soil ball or bare root system, and the depth is the same as the diameter of the soil ball or bare root system, but the subsoil must be loosened 10CM or more, and the pit (hole) is vertical up and down. In addition, the tree holes in Gao Qian sandy land are slightly deeper, and the low-lying clay land can be slightly shallower;
6. The binding of tree soil balls is generally tied with straw ropes, which can be orange petals, five-pointed stars and copper wires. But it must be firm, not exposed, not falling, to ensure that the soil ball is not broken or loose; For the dressing of precious trees, in addition to winding with grass, it must also be reinforced with fine hemp rope;
7. Digging trees (1) Sharp tools must be used to dig bare-rooted trees, and the roots with a diameter of more than 3CM should be sawed off; Fine roots can be cut off with pruning shears, and can not be pulled or split, so as to protect capillary roots as much as possible; (2) Dig a tree with a soil ball, and use a sharp shovel to ensure that the soil ball is not loose. When repairing the soil ball, you must first tie the waist hoop;
8. Pruning before tree transportation (1) Pruning can be done before or after tree digging, but some non-reserved branches must be pruned before tree digging; (2) The pruning intensity should be based on the biological characteristics of trees and different seasons, and the pruning amount should be determined on the premise of ensuring the original posture;
9. When loading and unloading trees, the following measures should be taken: light lifting, light unloading, light loading and light putting. It is forbidden to drag, ensure that the soil ball is not broken, the root plate is not scratched, torn, damaged or broken, and it is forbidden to lift the trunk to load and unload trees with soil balls. Do not damage the drop point (screw) and whip bud between the bamboo pole and the bamboo whip;
10, pruning when planting trees (1) Before planting trees, the roots and crowns of seedlings should be pruned, and splitting, pests and diseases and excessively long roots must be cut off to ensure the original natural posture of trees; (2) If the incision is larger than 2 cm, it must be treated with anti-corrosion; (3) The fixed trunk height of street trees is 3M, and Cinnamomum camphora is above 2.5M All the side branches below the first branch point are cut off, and the branches above the branch point are thinned or chopped as appropriate; (4) Tall deciduous trees should keep their original tree shape and be thinned appropriately. The main lateral branches should be cut off from the robust buds, and 1/5- 1/3 branches should be cut off; (5) Evergreen conifers should not be pruned, only the branches of diseases and insect pests, dead branches, weak branches, over-dense branches, drooping branches and mechanically worn branches should be pruned; (6) Evergreen broad-leaved trees basically keep the tree shape and shrink the crown. In normal season, the total crown is 1/3-3/5, the main skeleton is reserved, the outer branches are cut off, the inner branches are thinned off, and most leaves are removed; (7) The flowering shrubs are mainly thinning old branches, supplemented by short cutting; Hedge and ball pruning must be neat and consistent, straight lines, beautiful shape, smooth incision and good gardening effect; (8) Climbing vines can cut off dead and long vines, stagger branches and grow branches horizontally;
1 1. Tree planting should follow the four principles, that is, "digging, transporting, planting and managing". In case of bad weather, measures must be taken to protect the soil balls of trees; (1) Bare-rooted seedlings must be planted on the same day, otherwise heel treatment must be done: after terrain modification, tall trees must be planted on the upper part of the mountain; (2) Orientation and arrangement of trees When planting trees, you should choose a well-growing, graceful, full and complete crown, facing the main line of sight; The crown width of solitary trees should be complete; Cluster planting trees will make the crown outward, low in front and high in the back; Lianas should be planted at the bottom of buildings or scaffolding, and branches and vines should be fixed on supports; (3) The planting depth should ensure that the root system is equal to or slightly higher than the ground after the soil sinks; Bamboo should be 5- 10 cm deeper than the original depth, the surrounding area should be compact, and the soil should be compacted to avoid damaging the whip buds; (4) Earth ball packaging, ridging and watering 1) Earth ball packaging must be removed from bottom to top. If the soil ball is loose, you can cut the bottom package without taking it out; 2) When the filled soil reaches 2/3 of the depth of the soil ball, the soil is initially covered and compacted, and the water is poured for the first time. After the water permeates, the fill will continue to be parallel to the ground, then the water will be poured for the second time, and then the planting soil will be filled;
(5) Verticality, support and winding of trees (1) The trunk or its center of gravity must be perpendicular to the ground; 2) Support should be based on trees (cross support, shoulder pole support, triangular support and single column support can be adopted); 3) When supporting, it is forbidden to break bamboo piles or damage root plates through soil balls; 4) Support height must be controlled at 1/2 tree height; 5) The single support must stand on the side of the dominant wind direction, and the binding must be padded with soft objects, which must be firm, neat and beautiful; 6) The trunk and primary and secondary branches of trees with a trunk diameter of more than 5 cm must be wrapped around the trunk. The height of the trunk depends on different tree species, and it must be tightly wound with soft materials such as straw rope or hemp chips, and must be firm, neat and beautiful;
(6) The number of trees and shrubs planted must meet the design requirements; The number of small shrubs shall not exceed or decrease by 5%.
Nine, big tree or extra-large tree planting project quality control points
1, pruning intensity control of large trees and extra-large trees Fast-growing trees with DBH greater than 25CM and slow-growing trees with DBH greater than 15CM should be pruned before transplanting, and the pruning should be carried out one or two seasons in advance or before excavation; The pruning intensity of deciduous trees should be controlled at 3/5-9/10; The pruning intensity of evergreen trees should be controlled at1/3-3/5; Conifer trees should be thinned and the crown should be reduced moderately, and the pruning intensity should be controlled at 1/5-2/5. Pruning must be based on the comprehensive consideration of tree, time, land and transportation conditions. The former value should be taken in the planting season and the latter value should be taken in the non-planting season.
2. Transplanting should be carried out at the most suitable time in the transplanting period. When transplanting in non-planting season, the construction enterprise must put forward a construction plan for transplanting big trees, report it to the supervision department for examination and approval, and implement it with the consent of the construction unit;
3, big trees, extra-large trees, soil balls and packaging big trees, extra-large trees transplanted root plates or soil balls according to 6.3 times the diameter of the ground; When packing soil balls larger than 2.5M when transplanting big trees, double-layer or multi-layer reverse net packaging must be used, and the belt should be strengthened, and the ornamental surface and the yin and yang surface of the trees must be clearly marked; When digging a tree, it must be temporarily fixed with a pull rope, one of which must be above the main wind direction, and the rest must be evenly distributed. This measure is mainly to prevent accidents;
4. The hoisting of trees and extra-large trees, the hoisting and transportation of trees processed by roots and branches must be carefully planned, and the hoisting machinery and loading vehicles must exceed the total weight of trees and mud balls, and leave enough space; (1) If the total weight of soil balls and trees exceeds 30 tons, in addition to double-layer packaging, they must also be welded into baskets with angle steel (grooves) in the pit, lifted by hooks and placed on pre-arranged and designed transport vehicles; In the carriage, waste car tires or soft materials should be put in the lower part of the soil ball in advance to cushion the trunk to keep the trunk stable in the carriage; When hoisting and transporting large trees and extra-large trees, traffic rules must be strictly observed, overhead lines must be avoided, objects such as the original planting area and surrounding houses must be avoided, and personal safety must be ensured; (2) After the tree is dug and the mud ball is repaired, rooting powder (liquid) must be sprayed to ensure that the root section is moist evenly. (Saws of trees and extra-large trees over 2CM must be coated with preservatives; (4) The technical treatment of the tree planting pit (pond) generally has the following points: 1) After the tree planting pit (pond) is dug, it must be deepened by 30CM, of which 15-20 cm is filled with gravel, and then the planting soil is backfilled on it; 2) After digging the tree planting hole (pond), dig a blind ditch with a width of 20CM at the bottom of one side of the tree hole, fill the ditch with gravel 10CM, and backfill the planting soil10 cm; 3) After digging the planting hole (pond), open a small pond with a depth of 30-40 cm in the center of the pond bottom, put 20 cm of gravel or brick in the pond, and then backfill 20 cm of planting soil; 4) It is stipulated that a shallow pond of 20CM should be opened after the tree planting hole (pond) is dug, and then one end of PVC plastic pipe should be buried, which is convenient for ventilation on the one hand and water accumulation in the hole on the other; 5) After the tree hole (pond) is dug, a high-pressure water spraying device must be installed when the temperature exceeds 25oc, and intermittent spraying should be carried out every day 10 ~ 15 to reduce the leaf surface temperature and ensure the air humidity in the small environment; 6) After the tree hole (pond) is dug, DN soft permeable pipes with different specifications must be buried in the plot with water level of 50 cm; 7) After planting, you can also build a shade shed, and the shed surface, east, south and west are covered with plastic nets; 8) In the process of tree lifting, excavation, transportation and unloading, the trunk and trunk branches must be protected, and it is forbidden to damage the branches, and it is forbidden to lift the trunk with ropes; 9) Transplanted trees and extra-large trees should be planted in strict accordance with the original growth orientation; 10) The positioning, supporting, winding and watering of tree planting can refer to the technical requirements of general tree planting.
Ten, lawn, flower beds, herbaceous ground cover plant planting project control points
(a) lawn planting 1, lawn plant planting lofting must meet the design requirements; 2, lawn sowing, planting belt laying, spray sowing, seed germination rate must reach 95%;
3, lawn planting should make full use of the original terrain to implement natural drainage, the lawn with a slope of 3‰~ 5‰ is less than 1000m2, and the lawn with an area greater than 1000m2 must build a permanent underground drainage system with a slope of 5‰; 4, lawn planting time: warm season grass seeds from spring to early summer, especially in the rainy season; Cool-season grass species (tall fescue, ryegrass, etc. Spring and autumn are better; 5. According to the difference of soil effective thickness, soil texture, pH and salt content before lawn sowing, measures such as adding soil, mixing sand and applying peat soil can be taken; 6. The depth of lawn soil should not be less than 30CM7. 7. Weeds in lawn soil can be weeded by glyphosate, and the residual period must be considered. Weed roots, broken bricks, stones, glass, plastic products, etc. The soil must be cleaned up, and bricks and stones over 5 cm must be removed; 8, planting area belongs to concrete, solid soil, heavy clay and other airtight or poor drainage places, must be a breakthrough in soil replacement; 9. Sowing amount (per square meter) depends on seed purity and seed germination rate, with small seed 10g/m2 and large seed15g/m2; 10, artificial sowing, planting soil surface level off, topsoil clods should be less than 2CM, the slope should be less than 5‰, no low-lying places, no weeds, gravel, bricks, stones, etc. ; 1 1. After sowing, compact and cover 0.5- 1.0 cm of fine soil. Before emergence, keep the soil moist, the exposed area shall not exceed 2%, and each piece shall not exceed 0.2m2 12. Paving of grass chips: divide the grass into small pieces with equal distance of 5*5cm, press them into the soil after paving, and then water them;
(2) Planting flowers and ground cover plants 1, and the soil quality requirements for planting flowers and ground cover plants can refer to the relevant provisions of lawn requirements; 2. To distinguish flower beds from glass, the site conditions, upper vegetation, ornamental requirements and biological characteristics must be considered comprehensively; 3. Flower selection must use 1-2-year-old flowers with uniform specifications, the same variety, no obvious difference in plant height, color, crown width and flowering period, complete root system, vigorous growth, no pests and diseases and no mechanical damage; 4. The roots of perennial flowers must be developed, with 3-4 buds, and grass flowers should have buds; 5. The ornamental period of flowers should be kept at 30-40 days; 6. Flowers must be planted with overnight soil and transported in plastic packages to prevent mechanical damage and keep them moist. Potted flowers are required to be packed and covered for transportation; 7. When planting flowers, it is not allowed to bend the seedlings; 8, flowerpot planting should make the original soil and new soil closely combined; 9. Planting flowers in summer should be done in the morning, evening and cloudy days; 10, within 3-5 days after planting, the plants must be sprayed with water every morning and evening, the water flow should be fine, and the soil should not pollute the plants;
(3) The allocation and selection quality requirements of flowers and ground cover plants are 1, and the planting soil of ground cover plants is implemented according to the requirements of sowing lawn soil; 2. Ground cover plants must adapt to site conditions such as soil, climate, light, species and density of upper trees and shrubs; 3. Ground cover plants should meet the functional requirements and landscape requirements of soil and water conservation, beautifying the environment, improving the environment and inhibiting weeds; 4. The allocation of ground cover plants must ensure that the community is well-defined and the main body is prominent, which is in harmony with the color, flower shape, leaf color, leaf shape, flowering period and main landscape of trees and shrubs in the planting area; 5. The allocation of ground cover plants should be based on block planting, patch planting, flower diameter and decoration; 6. The selection of ground cover plants must be mainly perennial, perennial, bulbous, annual and biennial herbs, with strong self-reproduction ability and low evergreen woody plants; 7. Ground cover plants are mainly ornamental flowers, so we must choose varieties with large flowers, terminal flowers and long flowering periods; Mainly for leaf viewing, we must choose varieties with beautiful leaf color and shape and good group viewing effect; Ground cover plants and plants must also choose ground cover plants with rich provenance, easy access, strong resistance, extensive management and rapid formation of independent and stable populations; 9. In flower beds and flower borders, the planting sequence of flowers and ground cover plants is from top to bottom, from center to periphery, from short to high, from perennial roots to biennial flowers. Planting a large area of ground cover, planting contour lines first, and then planting them inside.
XI。 Supervision in maintenance management stage
1, urging construction enterprises to make annual maintenance management plans, quarterly plans, monthly plans and weekly arrangement plans; 2. Supervise the construction enterprises to do a good job in the protection of finished trees, such as irrigation and drainage, loosening soil and weeding, pest control, fertilization, pruning and shaping, establishment of protective facilities, treatment of dead trees and replanting; 3, urge the construction enterprises to establish maintenance management team or fixed maintenance management personnel; 4, supervision department of the daily maintenance management of construction enterprises, take irregular inspection, check more at ordinary times, check once a month, to check out the problems, put forward rectification opinions, urge the construction enterprises to implement, and timely feedback to the construction unit maintenance management information, obtain the understanding and support of the construction unit; 5. Supervise the construction enterprises to maintain and manage finished products, garden sketches, trees, ground cover plants and flower lawns, and establish maintenance management files. 6, prevention and control of pests and diseases prohibited by the Suzhou Municipal Government.
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