First, powder selection
The main raw material for making bread is flour, and flour selection is a key to making bread well. Generally, flour with gluten content above 25% is selected. Bread made of this flour has good wool feeling, elasticity and soft texture.
Second, fermentation
Bread is made by yeast fermentation. In the production of bread dough, in addition to liquid fresh yeast, auxiliary raw materials such as oil, sugar and eggs are also used. The feeding amount varies with different varieties. The following introduces the fermentation method of ordinary bread as an example.
1, feeding standard
5 kg of flour (preferably rich in flour), about 1.5 kg of sugar (hot day 1.5 kg, cold day 1 kg), about 750 g of oil (both lard and white oil), about 750 g of eggs, and fresh yeast120 ~/.
2. Adjustment method
It is carried out in two stages. The first stage is fermentation. Add about 500 grams of water to one third of the flour, then add fresh yeast, knead well, let it stand for 2 hours (some 3-4 hours), and then it will be small yeast.
Third, baking.
Mastering the temperature of toast is also the key to making good bread. There are coal stoves, electric stoves and far-infrared stoves for baking bread. Bake the bread green in the oven at high temperature. The product can not only grow and ripen, but also form the characteristics of golden surface, bulky tissue, sweet and delicious, elastic and so on. Taking the coal-fired oven as an example, this paper explains how to adjust the oven temperature when baking bread. When baking bread, fire is generally required, but different temperatures are needed at different stages. In the first stage, the fire should be low (120℃) and the bottom material should be high (no more than 250-260℃), which can not only avoid the rapid solidification of the bread surface, but also make the bread expand moderately. In the second stage, the top fire and bottom fire should be high, the top fire can reach 270℃, and the bottom fire can't exceed 270 ~ 300℃ to set the cake. In the third stage, the surface fire gradually decreased to 180 ~ 200℃ and the bottom fire decreased to 140 ~ 160℃. The surface of bread is coked to form bright colors and improve flavor. The total baking time depends on the size of the bread, such as10g steamed stuffed bun 8 ~ 100 minutes (surface fire refers to the fire on the surface of the coal pile, and primer refers to the fire at the bottom of the coal pile). In this way, bread that meets the quality requirements can be baked by using the different temperatures in the three stages of "first low, then high and then low". The temperature of other ovens can also be properly controlled according to this change.
Formula of main ingredients:
500g of high-gluten flour, yeast powder 15g (more yeast, short fermentation time, that's all), 80- 100g of sugar, 25g of milk powder, 2 eggs, 200g of water, 5g of bread improver and 40-50g of butter (cream). )
Exercise:
1. Stir with a small amount of warm water (30 degrees, close to the body temperature) to activate the yeast powder for later use.
2. Stir the white sugar, milk powder, remaining water and bread improver evenly (preferably with a blender), then put the eggs in and stir them evenly to make a paste.
3. Pour the batter in step 2 into the flour and stir slowly. Pour the yeast water in step 1 while stirring. When stirring to 70%, pour in the pre-melted butter (put it in a bowl and heat it in the microwave for several times). Every time you pour butter, rub it with your hands until it is absorbed by the dough, and then continue. Finally, knead the dough into shiny yellow dough. Cover the container and let it stand for fermentation. If the room temperature is low, you can heat the oven slightly and put it in the oven for fermentation when the temperature in the oven exceeds 30℃.
4. After fermenting 1.5-2 hours, the dough can be divided into about 12 pieces on the chopping board, rounded, left standing for about 30 minutes, and then wrapped with stuffing. The reason is 12, because the baking tray in my oven is just 12.
5, the small red sausage bread should be twisted into long strips, and then spiral around the outside of the small intestine; Red bean bread can be cut into several ways with a knife; Soft bread needs salad dressing to prevent it from drying.
6. Wrap the stuffing and put it in the oven 15-30 minutes to finally wake it up. Brush a layer of egg liquid on the bread before baking. Brush fluffy bread with egg liquid, then spread salad dressing and sprinkle fluffy meat.
7. The baking time is about 10- 15 minutes and the temperature is about 180-200℃. Different electric ovens have different sizes, different powers and different heating methods. The fire power in the lower layer of my oven is gas, and the upper layer is electric heating tube, so the electric heating tube is not used from beginning to end (experience). I should mainly rely on the heat of the lower layer, and then use the radiation of the upper electric heating tube to beautify the appearance of bread before baking.