The rapid development of my country's real estate industry has largely led to the improvement of infrastructure construction levels. However, there are inevitably problems and challenges in the development process. There are still problems with the quality of some civil engineering projects, and some engineering units with insufficient construction standards have seriously affected the overall level of the industry. The quality of housing construction directly affects the daily life of residents, and it is an issue of people's life security. Therefore, the country must further strengthen the quality improvement of civil engineering and construction projects to ensure that civil engineering projects meet the needs of modern urban construction and provide residents with more high-quality housing buildings.
1 Key quality issues in civil engineering projects
The possible quality problems in civil engineering projects mainly include the following aspects: First, there are quality issues in the design of the project. The rationality of engineering design has a great impact on the entire project construction. According to relevant literature and data surveys, nearly half of civil engineering safety accidents are caused by unreasonable design. If the design of the project construction lacks rationality, it will not only cause safety hazards, but also affect the use of the building and reduce the functionality of the building. Usually, there are four main factors that lead to unreasonable design: first, time is tight, and the design is completed in a short period of time, resulting in a design that is too rough and has loopholes; second, the design is divorced from reality and is not designed according to the construction needs of the project; Thirdly, the professional level of the designers is not high; finally, the design unit does not have professional quality assurance means. Second, there are quality issues with the materials used in civil engineering projects. Engineering materials are the basis for ensuring project quality, including finished products, raw materials, accessories, etc. These materials must meet the construction needs of civil engineering projects. If there are quality problems, it will greatly affect the safe construction and overall construction level of the project. Third, there are problems with project management of civil engineering projects. Civil engineering is a project with many links and complex content. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the project, the construction unit often has multiple management departments. These management departments must supervise and manage the project according to the construction requirements of the project and in strict compliance with the contract content. Generally speaking, management problems mainly arise from two aspects. On the one hand, the management mechanism is imperfect and there is a lack of a clear management system; on the other hand, the quality of management personnel is not high, which directly leads to low management levels. Then there are many problems such as chaos in the supervision market, narrow scope of supervision, and impact on work enthusiasm. Fourth, there are problems with construction safety. Production activities in any industry must take safety as the core. There will be many dangerous construction contents during the construction process of civil engineering projects, so safety issues must be paid special attention to. Its main safety projects include: site equipment, safety systems, technical safety, etc. There is a lot of high-altitude work in civil engineering projects and the working environment is relatively harsh. Not only is there pollution such as dust and noise, but there is also a lot of equipment to operate safely, and various construction contents have a certain degree of risk. There are usually many reasons for construction accidents: for example, low safety awareness, poor safety management, and construction operations not being carried out in accordance with regulations, leading to safety accidents. For example, falling objects from high altitude, electric leakage, mechanical accidents, etc. Fifth, civil engineering projects cause huge environmental pollution during the construction process. At present, environmental issues are the focus of people's attention, and civil construction often causes certain pollution and damage to the environment. For example, environmental pollution such as noise, dust, vibration, etc. These pollutions will affect the daily lives of surrounding residents; sixth, the professional level of supervision and construction personnel is not high. Civil engineering projects are mainly completed by manual operations, so human factors will become the main reason affecting the quality of civil engineering projects. Whether it is a project organizer or a project operator, their quality and level will have a direct impact on the quality of the project. Only by appointing qualified personnel for project construction and project management can the overall quality of civil engineering projects be fundamentally guaranteed.
2 Effective measures to improve the quality of civil engineering projects
2.1 Reasonable design of the project
Before the project starts, the construction unit must make a reasonable plan for the project and design. Designers cannot make modifications based on similar projects. They must conduct actual inspections and measurements of the construction site, conduct reasonable design of the project based on the actual construction area and construction personnel, and ensure that the construction drawings meet the actual construction needs and construction level. In addition, relevant departments must repeatedly check and confirm the engineering design, specifying each construction link to avoid missing any details. Only by ensuring the quality of engineering design can the construction work of civil engineering projects get off to a good start, thereby reducing the factors that affect the quality of the planned project.
2.2 Ensure material quality
The purchase of materials must strictly abide by construction regulations and engineering requirements, establish a special material procurement department, and conduct strict quality inspection on purchased materials and equipment. Audit to ensure the quality of every material passes the standard. Civil engineering projects require a lot of materials and equipment. In order to ensure the quality of materials, construction units must choose reputable merchants and materials with quality certification. Cheap and inferior materials cannot be chosen in order to save costs. If purchasing personnel are found not to purchase materials in accordance with regulations, they must be strictly punished and the materials must be replaced in a timely manner. This is not only to ensure the quality of project construction, but also to ensure the personal safety of construction workers.
2.3 Strengthen project management
Project management is an important part of ensuring the quality of the project. The construction unit must establish a special supervision department and select professional personnel to supervise and supervise the project. manage. Management personnel must undergo strict screening and assessment to ensure that they have sufficient ability to manage project quality and construction conditions. In order to save construction costs, one person cannot hold two positions. Individual positions and personal responsibilities must be clearly defined. In addition, the construction unit must formulate a professional and detailed supervision system based on the construction content and construction conditions of this project. Supervisors must strictly supervise and manage the construction process in accordance with the company's regulations. If violations are found, severe penalties will be imposed to prevent similar incidents from happening again.
2.4 Improve safety awareness
In order to improve safety awareness, the construction unit must provide relevant safety education to construction personnel and supervisory personnel before construction, and explain relevant safety precautions to relevant personnel. common sense. Strictly manage the construction site and implement strict safety regulations for the construction behavior of construction personnel. For example, you must wear a safety helmet, you must wear a safety sling when working at heights, etc. Designated personnel should be assigned to carry out safety management, and regular inspections of the construction status of the construction site should be carried out. If safety hazards are discovered, they should be reported and dealt with immediately. Among them, the safety of mechanical equipment should be paid special attention to. Whether it is its mechanical properties, safety protection measures or its power supply performance, it must comply with strict standards and be issued a license. Only approved electromechanical equipment can be used in project construction. Not only that, all safety equipment must be fully equipped to minimize safety hazards on the construction site.
2.5 Improve the professional quality of staff
The operational quality of staff can have a direct impact on the quality of the project, so we must pay attention to the cultivation and strengthening of staff quality. Construction units can start from the following points to ensure the quality of personnel: First, they must strictly screen and review staff. Before starting work, they must review each staff member to examine their professional level and personal qualities. Ensure that they have corresponding professional abilities, and have corresponding responsibility and enthusiasm for work; secondly, provide necessary publicity and education to staff during the work process. For example, regular publicity and education on safe construction are carried out to improve the safety awareness of staff; finally, staff are encouraged to learn more and make continuous progress. During the construction process, employees with good performance are commended to increase employees' enthusiasm, so that employees can complete construction tasks more actively and efficiently.
2.6 Pay attention to environmental protection and project acceptance
Civil construction projects often cause certain environmental pollution, such as noise, dust, etc. In order to reduce the occurrence of these pollution problems, construction units can choose low-noise, high-efficiency equipment and advanced technical means to reduce environmental pollution as much as possible. Carry out project construction in strict accordance with relevant laws and regulations, carry out construction operations within the specified time, reduce the impact of project construction on surrounding residents, and ensure harmonious construction. In addition, the acceptance of the project after the completion of the project is also essential. The construction unit must arrange specialized and professional acceptance personnel to conduct strict acceptance of the project. Once problems are discovered in the project, they must be reported to the relevant departments in a timely manner, and the project shall be corrected and reconstructed as required.
In summary, civil engineering construction projects are indispensable and important content in the process of urban construction in our country. In order to meet the growing demand for urban construction, it is particularly important to improve the level of civil engineering and improve the quality of civil engineering. Therefore, construction units must strictly abide by relevant regulations and strictly control project quality before, during, and after construction, so that my country's civil construction projects can further develop.
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